Fisheries Branch -- Anadromous Salmonid Population Monitoring Documents

Salmonid_Population_Monitoring_Data_CMPv2025

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Salmonid Population Monitoring Data Description_CMPv2025

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GrandTab.2011.02.01.pdf

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Data - Database report: Chinook Salmon Escapement Populations, Central Valley River Systems.

GrandTab.2010.03.09.pdf

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Data - Database report: Chinook Salmon Escapement Populations, Central Valley River Systems.

GrandTab.2015.04.15.pdf

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GrandTab.2012.04.23.pdf

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GrandTab.2013.04.18.pdf

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GrandTab.2014.04.22.pdf

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GrandTab.2016.04.11.pdf

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GrandTab.2017.04.07.pdf

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GrandTab.2018.04.09.pdf

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GrandTab.2019.05.07.pdf

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GrandTab.2023.06.26.pdf

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GrandTab.2020.05.22.pdf

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GrandTab.2021.06.30.pdf

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GrandTab.2022.07.20.pdf

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GrandTab.2024.05.20.pdf

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GrandTab.2025.06.09.pdf

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GrandTab.CurrentVersion

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Memorandum to Elton Bailey, Fisheries Management Supervisor. Subject: Benbow Dam, Fish Passage, March 13, 1954.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 12:52:46 -0800

Monitoring Report - Fish passage facilities at Benbow Dam, South Fork Eel River, have been in use since 1938. Fish have been counted annually at this installation throughout the period of migration of salmon and steelhead. Recently, I reviewed the counts at Benbow Dam for the period of the 1953-54 through 1962-63 seasons. The number of each species ascending the ladder was recorded by month. During this ten year period, a total of 194,221 fish were recorded; 32,213 king salmon, 53,288 silver salmon, and 108,720 steelhead (Table 1).

DIDSON DEPLOYMENT AND PRELIMINARY PERFORMANCE

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:18:17 -0800

Report - Since 2006, dual frequency identification sonar cameras (DIDSONs) have been installed in California streams to enumerate adult salmon and steelhead trout during upstream migration. We report on the operational and biological results of initial deployments of DIDSON units across California for the primary purpose of counting returning anadromous salmonids. Principally, this work has been undertaken as part of CMP, but DIDSONs have also been deployed in several Central Valley watersheds. Additionally, we report on the laboratory experimental results conducted on a DIDSON unit at the University of California, Davis, and the sturgeon work performed in the Central Valley. This is the first comprehensive report of the use of DIDSON devices in California's watersheds.

A Steelhead Spawning Survey of the Tributaries of the Upper Trinity River and Upper Hayfork Creek Drainage, 1972 (AFB 73-5A)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:15:27 -0800

Monitoring Report - From March 21, through April 14, 1972, a steelhead spawning survey was conducted on the streams tributary to the Trinity River between Lewiston Dam and Browns Creek and in the Upper Hayfork Creek drainage, a tributary of the South Fork Trinity River. An estimated 1,011 spawners used the 68.8 miles of stream surveyed in the Trinity River drainage and 348 were estimated t o have spawned in the 19 miles of stream surveyed in the Hayfork Creek drainage.

A Steelhead Spawning Survey of the Tributaries of the Upper Trinity River and Upper Hayfork Creek Drainage, 1971 (AFB 72-12)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:15:17 -0800

Monitoring Report - From April 1 through May 6, 1971, a steelhead spawning survey was conducted on the streams tributary to the Trinity River between Canyon Creek and Lewiston Dam and in the Upper Hayfork Creek drainage, tributary of the South Fork Trinity River. An estimated 413 spawners used the 95.4 miles of stream surveyed in the Trinity River drainage and 232 spawned in the 36.6 miles of stream surveyed in the Hayfork Creek drainage.

Memorandum: Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult Summer Steelhead Survey, 1998.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:13:36 -0800

Data - Canyon Creek Adult Summer Steelhead Survey: On August 27, 1998 Canyon Creek was surveyed for adult steelhead and spring Chinook by downstream snorkeling. Eight divers counted adult fish in 13 miles of stream. Reach A was not surveyed in 1998.ö

Memorandum: Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult Summer Steelhead Survey, 1999.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:13:19 -0800

Data - Canyon Creek was surveyed on August 26th. Ten divers counted steelhead and salmon in 13 miles of stream.

Memorandum: Summer Steelhead Habitat - 1981 Survey [Bluff Creek]. To: Forest Supervisor, Six Rivers N.F. Attn: Jerry Barnes, Forest Fishery Biologist.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:12:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - The annual survey of the Bluff Creek summer steelhead population was completed in two phases. The first being a complete survey from the Highway 96 bridge to Louse Camp. This portion was completed in June of 1981. The results led to a resurvey completed the end of July the same summer. This resurvey was done on the lower five miles of Bluff Creek (Wright Ranch to Highway 96 Bridge). The two previous years of survey (1979 and 1980) resulted in sightings of 41 and 37 adults respectively. Those surveys had been completed at later stages of summer (September and October). For the 1981 survey, it was decided to survey earlier in the season to: 1) eliminate possible inclusion of early fall-run steelhead in the-sample and 2) obtain an estimate of entry time by summers into the Bluff Creek system.

Table: Summer Steelhead counted in the Mad River Upstream from Mad River Hatchery, 1980 - 2000.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:09:58 -0800

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Elk Creek Summer Steelhead Survey - 1979.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:06:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - On July 3 and July 4 a summer steelhead survey was conducted on Elk Creek from the trail crossing in section 5 to about one mile below Sulphur Springs Campground. Spot checks were made in the gorge farther downstream. Standard methods of diving in pools with the aid of faceplate and snorkel were used. In the surveyed section, the traditional holding area for summer steelhead, none were seen. Flows were adequate and no barriers were located. Other year classes were present in what appeared to be normal numbers. It seems adult steelhead were absent by choice.

Summer Steelhead Census 1992 - 1996, Indian Creek.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:05:22 -0800

Data - None

Action plan for monitoring California's Coastal Anadromous Salmonids

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:03:07 -0800

Guidance Document - The Plan was prepared using two workshops to solicit scientific and professional input on scope and content, data needed for stock assessment purposes, and how the data should be collected. The workshop participants included DFG and NOAA Fisheries (NOAA) scientists, biologists and habitat experts, members of the States three Federally appointed Technical Recovery Teams (TRTs), and invited academic and other governmental scientists and technical experts. The workshops took place March 9-11, 2004 (Santa Cruz) and May 25-26, 2004 (Folsom Lake). The Viable Salmonid Population (VSP) concept (McElhany, et al. 2000) and associated attributes (abundance, distribution, diversity and productivity) were central to the discussions at both workshops. Specifically, the discussions included data needs by species, life history form (juvenile, smolt, adult) and geographic area.

Central Valley Chinook Salmon In-River Escapement Monitoring Plan

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:01:42 -0800

Guidance Document -

Existing Program Summary Central Valley Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Programs

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:01:16 -0800

Report -

Protocols for Monitoring the Response of Anadromous Salmon and Steelhead to Watershed Restoration in California DRAFT

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:00:44 -0800

Protocol -

Literature Review of Devices Used for Enumeration of Juvenile Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Outmigrants

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 11:00:09 -0800

Report - Devices used to enumerate outmigrating juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), including acoustic devices, camera monitoring, electric fish counters, fyke nets, inclined plane traps, inclined screen traps, rotary screw traps, seining, snorkel surveys, and trawls, were researched through a review of published peer-reviewed journal articles, government agency reports, and consultant literature. A brief description of the device, a list of advantages and disadvantages associated with each device, a summary of several case studies involving use of the device, and conclusions regarding the applicability of the device for use in enumerating outmigrant juvenile steelhead in the Feather River was provided. The literature review concluded that rotary screw traps (RSTs) were the most suitable method for enumerating outmigrant juvenile steelhead in the Feather River.

Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Carcass Survey Summary Report for years 1996-2006

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:58:58 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game (Department) and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Red Bluff Fish and Wildlife Office (Service) have jointly conducted annual winter-run Chinook salmon carcass surveys on the mainstem Sacramento River from 1996 through 2006. In 2001 a 3-year CALFED funded Cooperative Agreement was proposed between the Service and the Department. In 2003 this Agreement was signed by both agencies. The Agreement stipulated that the Service would reimburse the Department for the Winter-run surveys expenses and was administered by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation. As part of the Agreement's obligations the Department was to provide a final summary report of the work performed over the multi-year survey. This report fulfills that obligation and provides an overview of the winter run Chinook salmon carcass surveys conducted from 1996 through 2006. This report summarizes the mark-recapture studies and associated data collection efforts necessary to produce the annual winter-run salmon escapement estimates. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service will prepare an additional final report using these data to evaluate the winter-run hatchery supplementation program at Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery and provide characterizations of the genetic composition of the population. Readers interested in specific details for individual years of the winter-run Chinook salmon carcass surveys should review the annual reports published by the Department and Service for each year. This report provides only an overview of selected data from each year. This report includes data from year 2006 which to date has not yet been incorporated into an annual report.

1980 Dillon Creek Summer Steelhead Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:58:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - Dillon Creek, long thought to be inaccessible to salmon and steelhead, was surveyed during the week of August 24 for summer steelhead on the strength of reports of large fish in the vicinity of Copper Creek. The survey crew, comprised of one U.S.F.S employee and one C.F. &G. employee, started on Copper Creek immediately downstream from Medicine Creek and proceeded downstream to Cedar Creek about three miles above the mouth. The following week a crew of two C.F. &G. employees finished the lower three miles. A total of 236 steelhead were seen (see attached map for - distribution) Dillon Creek above the confluence of Copper Creek and the entire North Fork remains unsurveyed. Much of the area surveyed was in deep bedrock gorges where the only way through was by swimming. In several places were chutes and falls judged by the surveyors to be impassable to steelhead, yet they were present above. The only certain barrier was an eight-foot falls one-half mile up Copper Creek. At this point 30 steelhead had congregated. Several were seen attempting to ascend the falls, but none were successful.

Correspondence subject: 1982 Summer Steelhead Survey [Blue Cr, Red Cap, and Bluff Cr]. To: Forest Supervisor, Six Rivers N.F. Attn: Jerry Barnes, Forest Fishery Biologist.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:58:06 -0800

Monitoring Report - The annual inventory of habitat occupancy by summer steelhead was completed during the months of August, September and October, l982. The streams surveyed were Blue Creek, Red Cap Creek and Bluff Creek (see map solid lines). The summary below shows the results.

Correspondence regarding the results of the 2004-2005 coho surveys, 2005

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:57:48 -0800

Monitoring Report - I have been asked to present the results of the 2004-2005 Coho surveys to the Task Force on February 10th (tomorrow). See below for a summary of the survey results. If you would like to receive a copy of my presentation, please respond to this email, and I will get it to you. A draft final report will be available by February 28th, 2005

Estimating total fish abundance and total habitat area in small streams based on visual estimation methods

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:57:17 -0800

Protocol - We present sampling designs for estimating total areas of habitat types and total fish numbers in small streams. Designs are applied independently within strata constructed on the basis of habitat unit type and stream reach. Visual methods for estimating habitat areas and fish numbers are used to increase sample sizes and thereby reduce errors of estimation. Visual estimates of area are made for all habitat units, and visual estimates of fish numbers are made for systematic samples of units within given habitat types. Use of systematic sampling circumvents the requirement for a preexisting map of habitat unit locations and simplifies selection of units. We adjust for possible proportional bias of visual estimation methods by calibrating visual estimates against more accurate estimates made in subsamples of those units for which visual estimates are made. In a test application of these sampling designs, correlations between visual estimates and more accurate estimates were generally high, r > 0.90. Calculated 95% confidence bounds on errors of estimation were 13 and 4 6% for total areas of pools and riffles, respectively, and were 17 and 22% for total numbers of 1 + steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) and juvenile coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), respectively. Our methods appear to offer a cost-effective alternative to more traditional methods for estimating fish abundance in small streams. In addition, visual estimation surveys can produce detailed maps of the areas and locations of ail stream habitat units.

Multistage sampling designs in fisheries research: applications in small streams

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:56:28 -0800

Protocol - A common, although generally unrecognized, use of multistage sampling designs in freshwater fisheries research is for estimation of the total number of fish in small streams. Here there are two stages of sampling. At the first stage one selects a sample of stream sections, usually of equal length, and at the second stage one estimates the total number of fish present in each selected section. This paper argues that the conventional practice of selecting stream sections of equal length is ill-advised on both biological and statistical grounds, and that errors of estimation of fish numbers within selected sections will usually be small compared with errors of estimation resulting from expansion of sampled sections to an entire stream. If stream sections are instead allowed to vary in size according to natural habitat units, then alternative two-stage sampling designs may take advantage of the probable strong correlation between habitat unit sizes and fish numbers. When stream sections of unequal sizes are selected with probabilities proportional to their size (PPS), or measures of the sizes of selected sections are incorporated into estimators, one may substantially increase precision of estimation of the total number of fish in small streams. Relative performances of four alternative two-stage designs are contrasted in terms of precision, relative cost, and overall cost-effectiveness. Choice among alternative designs depends primarily on the correlation between fish numbers and habitat unit sizes, on the total number of stream sections, and on sample size. Recommendations for choices among the designs are presented based on these criteria.

Memorandum: Mill Creek Spring- and Fall-run Chinook Escapement Surveys for 2004

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:55:39 -0800

Monitoring Report - An estimated 998 spring-run Chinook salmon spawned in Mill Creek in 2004. This estimate was made by expanding salmon redd counts within the spring-run Chinook spawning habitat in Mill Creek. In addition to redds, live salmon and carcasses were also counted. Fin tissue samples were collected from carcasses for genetic analysis.

Subject: Additional Adult Coho Sightings in Scott River Sub-basin.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:53:26 -0800

Monitoring Report - The purpose of this memo is to provide an update on additional recent sighting of adult Coho. These observations were made my Mr. Bob McAllister (Senior Fishery Biologist Supervisor, Mr. Ron Dotson, Habitat Supervisor of the California Department of Fish and Game's Yreka Stream Improvement Center, and myself.

Upper Russian River Steelhead Distribution Study [2002].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:52:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - The purpose of the Upper Russian River Steelhead Distribution Study is to evaluate the distribution of steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) during summer conditions and assess habitat along the Russian River. Rearing habitat for steelhead may be limited in the river during summer when flows are lowest and water temperatures are highest. This study was a component of the Fisheries Enhancement Program (FEP) implemented by the Sonoma County Water Agency. The goal of the FEP is to improve native fish resources of the Russian River basin. The distribution of rearing steelhead in the Russian River during the summer is affected by habitat conditions. Water quality is an important factor in the growth and survival of steelhead. Steelhead require streams with cold, clear water. Flow rates influence habitat features such as water temperature, flow velocities, and water depth. Russian River summer flows are supplemented by dam releases at Coyote Dam (Lake Mendocino) located on the East Fork of the Russian River near Ukiah and Warm Springs Dam (Lake Sonoma) located on Dry Creek west of Healdsburg. In summer and fall 2001 a flow-related habitat study was conducted in collaboration with several entities, including U.S. Amy Corps of Engineers, National Marine Fisheries Service, California Department of Fish and Game, North Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board, Sonoma County Water Agency, and Entrix. The study evaluated habitat value for steelhead along the Russian River and Dry Creek at a range of water release rates from Coyote and Warm Springs dams. Observations made during the flow study indicated that potential spawning and summer rearing habitat for steelhead was present in the upper main stem of the Russian River. The Steelhead Distribution Study was developed to further determine the extent of potential rearing habitat. The objectives of the study were to: determine the summer distribution of steelhead and rearing habitat, compare the relative abundances of steelhead and habitats, and develop a photograph library of habitats along the Russian River. The study area extended 106 km along the Russian River from Ukiah to Healdsburg. Dive surveys were conducted to count fish at randomly selected river segments. Also, habitat characteristics were recorded and photographs taken at all survey sites.

Memorandum: 2003 Annual Deer Creek Adult Spring-run Chinook Salmon Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:52:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - On the 5th and 11th of August 2003, Deer Creek, Tehama County, was snorkel surveyed to count adult spring-run Chinook salmon. The survey reaches extended from Upper Deer Creek Falls downstream to Dillon Cove, a distance of 25 miles (Figure 1). A total of 2,759 spring-run Chinook salmon was observed. This year's survey was terminated at Dillon Cove due to the low numbers of salmon observed in the last 3 mile reach. This year 97% of the salmon were holding upstream of Ponderosa Way at elevations greater than 1700 ft. In addition to the live salmon counted, 16 salmon carcasses were observed. These carcasses are not included in the total count. Since the same reaches are surveyed at the same time each year, this count provides an index of run size. Snorkel counts are not expanded to a population estimate. In order to minimize harassment and stress to holding salmon, only one survey is conducted during the summer holding period.

Memorandum: 2003 Antelope Creek Spring-run Chinook Salmon Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:52:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - On 28 July 2003 Antelope Creek was snorkel-surveyed to count holding adult spring-run Chinook salmon. Forty-six adult salmon were observed. A total of 14 miles of stream was surveyed including: the North Fork from the Judd Creek confluence to the South Fork confluence, the South Fork from the South Antelope Gun Club to the North Fork confluence, and the main stem from the North and South Fork confluence to Facht Place (Figure 1). The areas surveyed encompass the known holding habitat of adult spring-run Chinook salmon in Antelope Creek. Six salmon were observed in the North Fork. No salmon were observed in the South Fork. Twenty-nine salmon were observed between the confluences and Paynes Crossing and 11 salmon were counted between Paynes Crossing and Facht Place (Figure 1 and Table 1). This is the 15th year the Department has been monitoring the spring-run Chinook salmon population in Antelope Creek. Table 1 shows the areas surveyed and the holding distribution of salmon during the previous 15-years on record. From 1989 thru 2003 counts have ranged from zero to 154 salmon. The Department has only limited historical records of spring-run salmon occurrence in Antelope Creek dating back to the 1950's. In 1953 and 1956, 127 and 253 spring-run salmon respectively were seined at the Cone Kimball Dam. (This dam was removed in the 1960's.)

Memorandum: 1980 Salmon River Summer Steelhead Survey

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:51:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - From July 7 to August 14 a joint Department/U.S.F.S. team surveyed the Salmon River System to determine the distribution, numbers and range of summer steelhead and spring king salmon (see attached map). Starting on the N.F. Salmon at the confluence of the Right Hand Fork the crew, using standard survey methods, proceeded downstream to Forks of Salmon and counted 69 SH and 26KS. They then transferred to the S.F. on July 23 and surveyed from slightly above the confluence of the Little South Fork, downstream, to Forks o f Salmon where 165 SH and 163 KS were seen. The main stem Salmon River survey was started August 6 and completed August 14. Here 65 SH and 33 KS plus, in the last five miles, several large schools of shad were seen. The total for the two forks and the main stem was 300 SH and 222 KS. If the Wooley Creek counts are included, the Salmon River system harbor a minimum of 465 summer steelhead and 265 spring king salmon.

Memorandum, Mill Creek Chinook Salmon Surveys for 2003.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:51:28 -0800

Monitoring Report - An estimated 1,426 spring-run Chinook salmon spawned in Mill Creek in 2003. This estimate was calculated by expanding salmon redd counts within the spring-run Chinook spawning habitat in Mill Creek. In addition to redd counts, carcass counts, redd measurements and fin tissue samples were also collected. The known spawning habitat of spring-run Chinook salmon in Mill Creek extends a total distance of 41 miles from approximately the Hwy-36 Bridge crossing to the Steel Tower Transmission Lines located three miles downstream from Little Mill Creek's confluence with Mill Creek, (Figure 1). We use a combination of ground and aerial surveys to count redds. Ground surveys were used to count redds from upstream of Hwy 36 to Buckhorn Gulch. a distance of 36 miles. Aerial surveys were used from Buckhorn Gulch to the Steel Tower Transmission Lines. Typically, fewer redds are counted from the air than on the ground due to shadows and vegetation. To correct for this problem, we conducted both ground and aerial surveys from Black Rock to Buckhorn Gulch to obtain a corrected ground-to-air redd ratio. This ratio was applied to the air-only counts to obtain a corrected redd count downstream of Buckhorn Gulch. This was the first year ground surveys were made downstream of Pape Place. Due to labor costs and limited access routes, this section will be surveyed aerially in the future.

Salmon Trollers Stream Restoration Project Preliminary Report for February 1990 - Louisiana Pacific Property.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:51:01 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report is an update to those parties of interest as to the status of the STMA carcass recovery program.

2002 Juvenile Chinook Salmon Capture and Production Indices Using Rotary-Screw Traps on the Lower Tuolumne River

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:49:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - Rotary-screw traps (RST) are used in many studies of salmon along the Pacific Coast (Demko et al., 1999; Roper and Scarnecchia, 1996; Thedinga et al., 1994). RST's have been operated on the Tuolumne River near the confluence with the San Joaquin River since 1995 (Heyne and Loudermilk, 1997; 1998; Vasques and Kundargi, 2001). Several factors affect juvenile salmon migration rate and timing. Studies on the Columbia River indicate that the rate of migration (Giorgi et al., 1997; NMFS, 2000) and survival (NMFS, 2000) both increase with increasing flow. Previous studies on the Tuolumne River (Heyne and Loudermilk, 1997; 1998; Vasques and Kundargi, 2001) present preliminary assessments of smolt migration and production using rotary-screw traps. This paper attempts to expand the existing data by examining the 2002 juvenile outmigrant data. The objectives of this study are to: 1) estimate the production of juvenile Chinook salmon and 2) determine the timing of juvenile Chinook salmon migration during the 2002 sampling season.

CDFG Grandtab 1960 - 2002

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:47:54 -0800

Data - None

Annual Report, Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Current Version.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:47:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - ANNUAL REPORT TRINITY RIVER BASIN SALMON AND STEELHEAD MONITORING PROJECT: CHINOOK AND COHO SALMON AND FALL-RUN STEELHEAD RUN-SIZE ESTIMATES USING MARK-RECAPTURE METHODS 2016-17 SEASON

King salmon spawning stocks of the California Central Valley, 1940-1959 [MRB report Vol. 47(1):55-71]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:45:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - This paper lists the best available counts and estimates of the king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) (Walbaum) spawning runs of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system from 1940 to 1959. The first serious effort to determine the size of salmon runs in the Central Valley came as a result of the proposed construction of Shasta Dam. Part of the information needed to evaluate the effects of this proposed project on the fisheries was a count of the salmon which would be blocked. The first count was made in 1937 and every year since then a count or estimate has been made in one or more Central Valley streams. Estimates of the total fall run in all Central Valley streams did not start until much later. Almost all the counts given in the accompanying tables were made by the California Department of Fish and Game or the US Fish and Wildlife Service. The only exceptions are the 1949-41 counts in the Sacramento River which were made by the US Bureau of Reclamation.

King salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning stocks of the California Central Valley, 1953 - 1969 [MRB 70-11]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:45:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - This paper lists counts and estimates of king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapements in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River from 1953 through 1969. Methods used are discussed. King salmon are the only salmon of any importance in Central Valley streams. Three basically different runs of king salmon enter the Valley; fall, spring and winter run. Fall-run fish are most numerous; they enter stream in the fall or winter and usually spawn within a few weeks of their arrival. Spring-run salmon are now the least numerous; they enter in the spring, spend the summer in the deeper holes and spawn in the fall. Winter-run fish are confined to the main stem of the Sacramento River. They enter in the winter and spawn from mid-spring to early summer. Major changes in salmon streams since 1959 include a storage dam (un-laddered) on the Feather River near Oroville and a major diversion dam (laddered)-on the Sacramento River near Red Bluff.

1960 King salmon spawning population estimates for the Sacramento- San Joaquin River system. MRB Report No. 62-1.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:45:22 -0800

Monitoring Report - King salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from California's Central Valley are the mainstay of valuable ocean and river fisheries. Management of salmon is related directly to their abundance as reflected by fishery landings and number of spawners. Each year the number of Central Valley king salmon spawners is estimated. In addition, their spawning success, distribution on spawning areas, and stream conditions that affect both these important factors are determined and recorded. This information has been essential to evaluation of proposed water projects on salmon streams. Fall-run stocks are most numerous, and an estimate of their number was the primary purpose of the work reported herein. Spring-run stocks were estimated but only as opportunity to do so occurred. No estimate of the spring-run stock has ever been made for the entire Central Valley. Due to overlap in spawning time of spring and fall-run salmon, a clear separation of the two was not possible except as indicated.

King salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1961 [MRB 62-5]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:42:06 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1961, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its eighth annual king salmon spawning stock assessment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. Counts of salmon carcasses, live fish, and redds were used as bases for spawning stock estimates. Estimates were primarily for fall-run king salmon. There were 48,0l.l salmon examined, including live and dead fish. During 1961, an estimated 259,000 king salmon spawned in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. Of these, 256,000 (99 percent) utilized the main Sacramento River and its major tributaries such as the Feather and American rivers. This report gives the findings of the eighth annual Central Valley salmon spawning stock assessment conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game during the period September 21, 1961 to January 17, 1962.

King salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1962 [MRB 63-3]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1962, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its ninth annual king salmon spawning stock assessment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. Counts of salmon carcasses, live fish, and redds were used as bases for spawning stock estimates. The salmon in these counts and estimates were primarily fall-run although a few spring-run fish are included, some in n separate counts and some unavoidably mixed with the fall fish. No estimates were made of the numbers of winter-run salmon, and few if any are included. During 1962, an estimated 258,000 (257,751) king salmon spawned in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. This is almost identical to last year's total. Of these, 256,000 (99 percent) utilized the main Sacramento River and its major tributaries such as the Feather and American rivers. This report covers the ninth annual Central Valley king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning stock enumeration. Estimates and some complete counts were made primarily of fall-run and some spring-run salmon stocks. In some streams, fall-run and spring-run are included together as the overlap in n spawning time prevents them from being separated. Winter-run salmon start to enter the upper Sacramento River about the time the surveys end. Winter salmon are almost entirely confined to the main stem of the Sacramento. No estimate has been made of their numbers, and presumably few if any are included in these counts. The total spawning stock estimate for this season was 258,000 (257,751) fish. This is almost identical with last year's total. In most of the larger streams such as the Sacramento, Tuolumne, Feather and American, unusually heavy rainfall during the second week of October caused high and muddy water conditions to prevail for almost the entire spawning season. This resulted in very poor carcass recovery conditions as well as attracting king salmon into tributary streams earlier than usual. This might explain why many of the smaller tributary streams had a better than average run of fish this season. During most years, such streams are too low for fish to enter until late November or December.

King salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1963 [MRB 64-3]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:44 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1963, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its tenth annual king salmon spawning stock assessment in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. Counts of salmon carcasses, live fish, and redds were used as bases for spawning stock estimates. The salmon in these counts and estimates were primarily fall-run although a few spring-run fish are included, some in separate counts and some unavoidably mixed with the fall fish. No estimates were made of the numbers of winter-run salmon, and few if any are included. During 1963, an estimated 303,000 (302,929) king salmon spawned in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system as compared with an estimated 258,000 fish in 1962. Of these, 301,000 (99 percent) utilized the main Sacramento River and its major tributaries such as the Feather and American rivers.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1964 [MRB 65-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:33 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1964, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its twelfth annual king (Chinook) salmon, 0. tshawytscha, spawning stock inventory in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River System. Counts of salmon carcasses, live fish, and redds were used as bases for spawning stock estimates. Counts and estimates were of fall-run salmon, although a few spring-run fish were included, some in separate counts and some unavoidably mixed with fall fish. No estimates of winter-run salmon were made. During 1964, an estimated 323,000 (323,248) king salmon spawned in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River System as compared with an estimated 303,000 fish in 1963. Of these, 313,000 (97 percent) spawned in the main Sacramento River and its major tributaries such as the Feather and American river's

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1965 [MRB 66-6]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1965, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its thirteenth annual king (Chinook) salmon, O, tshawytscha, spawning stock inventory of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River System. Counts of salmon carcasses, live fish, and redds were used as bases for spawning estimates. Counts and estimates were of fall-run salmon, although a few spring-run fish were included, some in separate counts and some unavoidably mixed with fall fish. No estimates of winter-run salmon were mace. During 1965, an estimated 199,000 (199,378) king salmon spawned in the Sacramento San Joaquin River System as compared with an estimated 323,000 fish in 1964. Of these 192,000 (96 percent) spawned in the Sacramento River and its tributaries from the American River north.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1966 [MRB 67-13]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:12 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the fourteenth annual Central Valley king (Chinook) salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning stock inventory. Estimates and counts were principally of fall-run stocks. For a few streams, separate spring-run salmon stock estimates were included. Spring-run salmon were included in fall-run estimates for the Upper Sacramento River and areas of the Feather River where an overlap in spawning period made it impractical to separate fall - and spring-run stocks. Winter-run salmon start entering the Upper Sacramento River just as the survey ends. These fish are almost entirely confined to the main stem of the Sacramento River. The winter-run spawning period extends from April into July, so no estimate was made of their number, and few if any were included in the counts. In 1966, the total spawning stock estimate of fall-run king salmon in the Central Valley was 196,000 which was slightly below last year's (1965) estimate of 199,000 fish.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1967 [MRB 68-6]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:41:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the fifteenth annual Central Valley king (Chinook) salmon spawning stock inventory. Estimates and counts were principally of fall-run fish. For a few streams, separate spring-run salmon stock estimates were included. Spring-run salmon were included in fall-run estimates for the Upper Sacramento River and areas of the Feather River where an overlap in spawning period made it impractical to separate fall- and spring-run stocks. Winter-run salmon began entering the Upper Sacramento River just as the survey ended. These fish are almost entirely confined to the main stem of the Sacramento River. The winter-run spawning period extends from April into July so no estimate was made of their number and few, if any, were included in the counts. In 1967, the total spawning stock estimate of fall-run king salmon in the Central Valley was 181,000 which was somewhat below last year's (1966) estimate of 196,000 fish.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1968 [AFB 69-4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:40:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the sixteenth annual Central Valley king (Chinook) salmon spawning stock inventory. Estimates and counts were principally of fall-run fish; for a few streams, separate spring-run salmon stock estimates were included. Spring-run salmon were included in fall-run estimates for the Upper Sacramento River and areas of the Feather River where an overlapping spawning period made it impractical to separate fall- and spring-run stocks. Winter-run salmon began entering the Upper Sacramento River just as the survey ended; these fish are almost entirely confined to the main stem of the Sacramento River. The winter-run spawning period extends from April into July, therefore no estimate was made of their number, and few û if any û were included in the counts. In 1968, the total spawning stock estimate of fall-run king salmon in the Central Valley was 211,000 which was somewhat above last year's (1967) estimate of 181,000 fish.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1969 [MRB 70-14]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:40:43 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 17th annual Central Valley king (Chinook) salmon spawning stock inventory. Estimates and counts were principally of fall-run fish; for a few streams, separate spring-run salmon stock estimates were included. Spring-run salmon were included in fall-run estimates for areas of the Feather River where an overlap in time of spawning made it impractical to separate fall- and spring-run stocks. Winter-run salmon began entering the upper Sacramento River just as the survey ended; these fish are almost entirely confined to the main stem of the Sacramento River. The winter-run spawning period extends from April into July; therefore few, if any, winter-run fish were included in the carcass count. In 1969, the total spawning stock estimate of fall-run king salmon in the Central Valley was 342,000, which was a significant increase over last year's (1968) estimate of 2ll,000 fish.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1970 [MRB report 72-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:40:33 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 18th annual Central Valley king (Chinook) salmon spawning-stock inventory. Estimates and counts were principally of fall-run fish; for a few streams, separate spring-run salmon stock estimates were included. Spring-run salmon were included in fall-run estimates for areas of the Feather River where an overlap in time of spawning made it impractical to separate fall- and spring-run stocks. Winter-run salmon began entering the upper Sacramento River just as the survey ended: these fish are almost entirely confined to the Main Stem of the Sacramento River. The winter-run spawning period extends from April into July; therefore few, if any, winter-run fish were included in the carcass count. In 1970, the total spawning stock estimate of fall-run king salmon in the Central Valley was 243,000 which was a significant decrease over last year's (1969) estimate of 342,000 fish.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1971 [AFB 73-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:40:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1971, the California Department of Fish and Game conducted its 19th king (Chinook) salmon spawning stock inventory of the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. Four races, or runs, of king salmon are discussed in this report: fall-, late fall-, winter-, and spring-run. Only the fall and spring runs were included in the reports of this series prior to 1970. Caution should therefore be exercised in comparing the total 1971 estimate with those of prior years. The estimates prior to 1971 involved carcass counts, aerial redd counts, live fish counts, and occasionally a tag and recovery program. Water conditions and manpower limitations usually made it impractical to keep the surveys going after early January, and the late fall and winter runs could not be included. In the Sacramento-San Joaquin system south of Red Bluff the methods and limitations remain unchanged; fish spawning after the first of the year are still missed in estimates for areas south of Red Bluff but there are not enough of them to make the omission important. New methods are used for the Sacramento River north of Red Bluff Diversion Dam. Estimates of the total salmon passing the dam are based on counts made by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife. The Department of Fish and Game has been regularly sampling at the dam to determine the proportion of fish in each of the four runs. An estimated 247,900 spring-and fall-run king salmon spawned in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system in 1971 compared to 243,165 in 1970, an increase over last year of two percent. An additional 28,976 late fall-run, and 54,348 winter-run salmon passed Red Bluff Diversion Dam in the calendar year, 1971. Thus the total estimated 1971 king salmon spawning population in the Sacramento-Sari Joaquin River system was 331,224-: (Table 1). The late fall and winter runs normally include some fish which pass Red Bluff Dam both before and after January 1, so a calendar year includes fish from two runs. The 1970-71 late-fall run was 16,741 fish and the 1970-71 winter run was 53,089. Any mortality which might have occurred above Red Bluff Diversion Dam (in all runs) between the time salmon pass the dam and the time they spawn has not been subtracted from the spawning: populations.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1972 [AFB 74-6]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:58 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 20th annual (1972) inventory of king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall-, spring, late fall-, and winter-run king salmon spawning populations for every part of the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run. Estimates are made from counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. The 1972 Sacramento-San Joaquin system spawning escapement of spring and fall run fish was 162,000. In only one year in the last 20 has the fall- plus spring-run escapement been lower (in 1957 it was 120,000 fish). The average for the previous 19 years is 308,000. A total of 67,000 late-fall plus winter-run fish spawned in the system in 1972, compared to 70,000 in 1971. Appendix tables present fall and spring-run spawning escapements by stream for every year since 1953

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1973 [ AFB 74-12]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 21st annual (1973) inventory of king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall-, spring-, late fall-, and winter-run king salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run. Estimates are made from counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. The total 1973 king salmon spawning escapement in the Central Valley was 327,000 fish. Of these, 285,000 were fall-spawning fish (fall -or spring- run). This is slightly below the historic (1953-1972) average of 302,000, but is a dramatic increase over t h e 162,000 in the previous year. Appendix tables present fall- and spring-run spawning escapements by stream for 1973 and by major streams for the years 1964 through 1973.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1974 [AFB 76-3]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:39 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 22nd annual (1974) inventory of king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall - and spring-run king salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late fall - and winter-run king salmon. Estimates are made from counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. The estimated 1974 escapement of fall-spawning (fall - plus spring-run) king salmon in the Central Valley is 244,054 fish. This figure is 81% of the historic (1953-1973) average of 301,000, and is down 14% from the 1973 estimate of 283,000. Appendix Tables present fall - and spring-run spawning escapements by stream for 1974, and by major streams for the years 1964 through 1974.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1975 [AFB 77-12]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:31 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 23rd annual inventory of king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall- and spring-run king salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late-fall- and winter-run king salmon. Estimates are made from counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. A total of 261,303 salmon spawned in the Central Valley in 1975: 252,978 in the Sacramento River system and 8,325 in the San Joaquin River system. The estimated 1975 escapement of fall-spawning (fall- plus spring-run) king salmon in the Central Valley is 218,963 fish. This figure is 73% of the historic (1953-1974) average of 298,000 and is down 10% from the 1974 estimate of 244,054.

King (Chinook) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1976 [AFB 78-19]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 24th annual inventory of king salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall- and spring-run king salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late-fall- and winter-run king salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. Estimated 1976 escapement of fall-spawning (fall- plus spring-run) king salmon in the Central Valley is 221,056 fish. This figure is 75% of the historic (1957-1975) average or 295,000 and is up slightly from the 1975 estimate of 218,963. Tables present fall- and spring-run spawning escapements by stream for 1976 and by major streams for the years 1964 through 1976.

Chinook (King) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1977 [AFB 79-11]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:39:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 25th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall - and spring-run salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late fall - and winter-run salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, counts of carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. Estimated 1977 escapement of fall-spawning (fall- plus spring-run) salmon in the Central Valley is 205,836 fish (204,125 in the Sacramento River system and 1,711 in the San Joaquin River system). This total is 73% of the historic (1953-19763 average OF 291,000 and 93% of the 1976 estimate of 221,056. Tables present fall - and spring-run spawning escapements by stream for 1977 and by major streams for the years 1964 through 1977.

Chinook (King) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1978 [AFB 80-6]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:38:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 26th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall - and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late fall- and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, fish migrating past dams, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, and aerial redd counts. The estimated 1978 escapement of fall-spawning (fall - plus spring-run) Chinook salmon in the Central Valley is 165,088 fish. This figure is 57% of the historic (1953-1977) average of 290,000 and is 80% of the 1977 estimate o f 205,836. The total spawning escapement for all runs in the Central Valley was 202,452, which is only 58% of the average spawning escapement goal of 351,000. The lowest runs, in terms of percentage of the escapement goal achieved, were the Sacramento River spring run (27%), the Yuba River fall-run (30%) and the San Joaquin River system fall-run (30%). The upper Sacramento River fall run, which is the largest contributor to the Central Valley spawning runs, was 58% of the escapement goal. The decline in 1978 escapement can be partly attributed to low spring flows during 1976 and 1977, which resulted in reduced nursery habitat for juvenile salmon.

Chinook (King) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1979 [AFB 81-4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:38:40 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 27th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall - and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run and partial counts of late fall - and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, aerial redd counts, and counts of fish migrating past Red Bluff Diversion Dam. Estimated 1979 escapement of fall-spawning (fall - plus spring-run) Chinook -- salmon in the Central Valley is 230,709 spawners (225,612 in the Sacramento River system and 5,097 in the San Joaquin River system). This figure approximates the previous 10-year average of 233,500 and is 81% of the 1953- 1978 average of 285,000. Winter and spring runs in the upper Sacramento River were the lowest of record. Salmon counts at Red Bluff Diversion Dam and sport catches above the dam are shown in Appendix tables 1 and 2, respectively. Spawning populations for all Central Valley streams are summarized in Appendix Tables 3-5. Fin-mark and coded-wire-tag recoveries are presented in Appendix Tables 6 and 7.

Chinook (King) salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1980 [AFB 81-7]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:38:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 28th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall- and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run, and partial counts of late fall- and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates a r e made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, fish migrating past dams, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, and aerial redd counts. The estimated 1980 escapement of fall spawning (fall- plus spring-run) Chinook salmon in the Central Valley is 184,605 fish This figure is 55% of the historic (1953-1979) average of 283,000 and is 80% of the 1979 estimate of 230,709. The decline in 1980 escapement may be partly attributed to the 1976-77 drought. The continuing decline of recent years is probably caused by the exports of large amounts of water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta. This results in screening problems and reduces the nursery area, and in turn greatly depresses survival o f juvenile salmon migrating to the ocean. Salmon counts at Red Bluff Diversion Dam and sport catches above the dam are shown in Appendix Tables 1 and 2, respectively. Spawning populations for all Central Valley streams are summarized in Appendix Tables 3-5. Fin mark and coded-wire-tag recoveries are presented in Appendix Tables 6 and 7.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1981 [AFB 83-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:38:18 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 29th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall- and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run and partial counts of late fall - and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, fish migrating past dams, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, and aerial redd counts. The estimated 1981 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 309,416. This total includes 260,798 fall -, 22,105 spring -, 19,795 winter - and 6,718 late fall-run spawners. Of the total, 278,794 spawned in the Sacramento River system and 30,622 in the San Joaquin 'River system. All of the spring-, winter- and late fall salmon, as well as 230,176 of the fall - run salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system. All salmon that spawned in the San Joaquin were fall run fish (Table 8). The estimated 1981 escapement of fall spawning (fall- plus spring-run) Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 282,903: this figure slightly exceeds the historic average (1953-1980) of 279,600 and greatly exceeds the 1980 estimate of 184,605. The total 1981 run for all races in the Central Valley was the largest since 1973. The fall run in the San Joaquin River system was by far the largest since 1971 and may have been the result of high flows during March and April 1979, which permitted good survival of downstream-migrant-juvenile salmon.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1982 [AFB 84-10]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:38:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 30th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall- and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run and partial counts of late-fall and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels, fish migrating past dams, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, and aerial redd counts. The estimated 1982 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 267,844. This total includes 231,822 fall, 27,890 spring, 1,233 winter and 6,899 late-fall-run spawners. Of the total, 248,083 spawned in the Sacramento River system and 19,761 in the San Joaquin River system. All of the spring, winter, and late-fall salmon, as well as 212.061 of the fall-run salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system. All salmon that spawned in the San Joaquin River system were fall-run fish. The estimated 1982 escapement of fall spawning (fall- plus spring-run) Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 259,712; this figure is slightly less than the historic average (1953-1981) of 279,700 and also less than the 1981 estimate of 282,903. Total fall run in the Central Valley exceeded the previous 10-year average by about 12%. The spring run was about double for the same period, while the late-fall and winter runs were only a fraction of the previous averages. Salmon counts of all four races at Red Bluff Diversion Dam and their sport catches above the dam were recorded. Spawning populations for all Central Valley streams were summarized. Fin mark and coded wire-tag recoveries were also recorded.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1983 [AFB 86-01]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:37:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 3lst annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of estimates of fall and spring-run Chinook salmon spawning populations for every stream in the Sacramento-San Joaquin system which supports a significant spawning run and partial counts of late fall and winter-run Chinook salmon. Estimates are made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels fish migrating past dams, carcasses and live fish on spawning areas, and aerial redd counts. The estimated 1983 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 230,164. This total includes 205,290 fall, 7,958 spring, 1,827 winter and 15,089 late run fall-run spawners. Of the total, 180,519 spawned in the Sacramento River system and 49,645 in the San Joaquin River system. All of the spring, winter and late fall salmon, as well as 155,645 of the fall-run salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system. All salmon that spawned in the San Joaquin River system were fall-run fish. The estimated 1983 escapement of fall spawning (fall plus spring run) Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 213,248; this figure is 65,452 less than the historic average (1953-1982) of 278,700 and 48,036 less than the 1982 estimate of 261,284. The runs in the upper Sacramento, Feather, and American rivers were down from previous years, while runs in the San Joaquin River system were up considerably. Grilse of fall-run salmon made up the following varying portions of spawning populations: 27% in Battle Creek, 41% at Red Bluff Diversion Dam, 36% a t the Tehama-Colusa Spawning Channel, 20% in the Feather River, 17% in the Yuba River, 75% in the Tuolumne River and 85% in the Merced River.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1984 [IFD 96-3]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:37:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 32nd annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawning populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish, and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1984 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 285,464 fish. This total consisted of 262,906 fall-, 9,408 Spring-, 2,762 winter- and 10,388 late-fall-run spawners. Of the total, 221,189 salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system and 64,275 in the San Joaquin River system. All spring and late-fall salmon, 2,662 of the winter-, and 198,731 of the fall-run salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system. Except for a very small winter run in the Calaveras River, all salmon that spawned in the San Joaquin River system were fall-run fish. The total 1984 Central Valley salmon stock was higher in comparison to that of 1983 due to significantly larger populations of fall-run spawners in Battle Creek, and in the Stanislaus and Merced rivers. The runs in Battle Creek and the Merced River were the largest estimated since surveys began in 1953. The increased numbers of fall-run spawners in these streams outweighed large decreases in the mainstem Sacramento River downstream of Red Bluff, and in the Yuba and Mokelumne rivers. The 1984 fall-run populations in the American and Tuolumne rivers were similar to those of 1983. In the mainstem Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff, the 1984 late-fall run spawner population was half the 1983 run size, the spring run was about doubled, and the winter run remained unchanged at a critically low level.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1985 [IFD 96-4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:37:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 33rd annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawning populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of survey reports for the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawning populations of Central Valley streams. Population sizes were determined from counts of fish entering hatcheries and spawning channels and migrating past dams; from surveys of dead and live fish and redd on spawning areas; and from aerial counts. ] The 1985 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 387,753 fish. This total consisted of 356,304 fall-, 15,221 spring-, 5,048 winter- and 10,180 late-fall-run spawners. Of the total, 309,004 salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system and 77,749 in the San Joaquin River system. All spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run and 278,555 of the fall-run salmon spawned in the Sacramento River system. The 1985 fall runs in Central Valley tributaries exceeded those seen during 1984, except in the Cosumnes, Mokelumne, and Merced rivers. While the Merced River escapement was lower than the record run seen in 1984, it was still well above the average run size of the previous ten years for that tributary. All four runs in the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff were also higher in 1985 than 1984.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1986 [IFD 97-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:37:18 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 34th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in t h e Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas and from aerial counts. The estimated 1986 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 328,893 fish. This total consisted of 292,967 fall-, 25,524 spring-, 2,394 winter- and 8,008 late fall-r u n spawners. All of the spring-, late fall- and winter-run salmon were estimated t o be in the Sacramento River system, while 28,502 fish of the fall-run were in the San Joaquin River system. The total 1986 Central Valley salmon stock was lower in comparison to t h a t of 1985 due t o decreases in all but the spring run. Fall-run spawner populations in the Stanislaus, Tuolumne, and Merced rivers of the San Joaquin system showed the largest decreases in run sizes. In the mainstem Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff, this was the fourth year that the spring-run continued to increase in size while the winter run remained unchanged at a critically low level.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1987 [IFD 97-4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:37:01 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 35th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1987 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 334,362 fish. This total consisted of 302,447 fall-, 14,128 spring-, 2,045 winter- and 15,742 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 26,799 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. Despite decreases of spawner populations from 1986 levels in most Central Valley tributaries, the total 1987 salmon stock was overall slightly larger than the previous year's. The only San Joaquin River system run to show an increase from 1986 populations was the Tuolumne River fall run. Ten-year record high late-fall and fall runs were estimated for the mainstem Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff. The winter run in the same area continued to decrease from its critically low level.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1988 [IFD 97-10]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:36:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 36th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1988 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 302,811 fish. This total consisted of 269,143 fall-, 18,895 spring-, 2,803 winter- and 11,970 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 21,211 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. Due to decreases of spawner populations in most Central Valley tributaries, the total 1988 salmon stock was smaller than in 1987. However, larger populations occurred in the Stanislaus River fall run, and a record high fall run in Battle Creek and spring run in the Feather River also were present. The winter-run in the mainstem Sacramento River also increased slightly from the 1987 level, but was still critically low.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1989 [IFD 98-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:36:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 37th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1989 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 205,990 fish. This total consisted of 181,864 fall-, 12,171 spring-, 539 winter-, and 11,416 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 3,493 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. Due to decreases of spawner populations in most Central Valley tributaries, the total 1989 salmon stock was 32% lower than in 1988; however, late-fall salmon in the upper Sacramento River had a run size similar to that of 1988. The winter run in the mainstem Sacramento River was at a record low level.

Annual Report Chinook salmon spawning stocks in California's Central Valley, 1990 [IFD 98-6]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:36:16 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 38th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1990 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 104,158 fish. This total consisted of 87,761 fall-, 7,557 spring-, 472 winter -, and 8,368 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 1,195 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. Due to decreases of spawner populations in all Central Valley tributaries, the total 1990 salmon stock was 49% lower than in 1989; however, fall run populations in the Feather and Yuba rivers, two of the larger tributaries, were not surveyed. The winter run in the mainstem Sacramento River was at a record low level.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1991 [IFD 98-8]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:35:46 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 39th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River System. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall, winter, late-fall, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1991 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 147,080 fish. This total consisted of 132,571 fall, 5,921 spring, 190 winter, and 8,398 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring, late-fall, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 1,176 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. Spawner populations in all individual tributaries (except the American River) and the Sacramento River mainstem were lower than in 1990; but it should be noted that fall run populations in the Feather and Yuba rivers, two of the larger tributaries, were not surveyed that year. The winter-run in the mainstem Sacramento River was at a record low level.

Annual Report, Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1996 (This draft version contains only data for the Upper Sacramento River and tributaries)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:18:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1996, spawning stock data were collected on some Central Valley streams known to support sizable Chinook salmon runs by counting potential spawners passing through fishways, conducting stream surveys where numbers of live fish, carcasses and redds were enumerated and making aerial redd counts. In some streams carcasses were color tagged and released. Subsequent recovery rates of tagged carcasses were used in estimating spawning populations. Unless otherwise stated, all counted carcasses were chopped in half or tagged to prevent recounting. Tags were applied so that either the Schaefer or Peterson estimate could be used. Fresh carcasses were tagged on the upper jaw for Schaefer and Peterson analysis Weather conditions did not interfere with carcass recovery this season. Stream flows were low and carcass recovery conditions good. Results are presented under the individual stream headings. Estimates were made for three of the four spawning populations of salmon in the upper Sacramento River main stern using fish counts at Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD).

Annual Report, Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1997 (This draft version contains only data for the Upper Sacramento River and tributaries)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:18:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1995, spawning stock data were collected on some Central Valley streams known to support sizable Chinook salmon runs by counting potential spawners passing through fishways, conducting stream surveys where numbers of live fish, carcasses, and redds were enumerated, and making aerial redd counts. In some streams carcasses were color tagged and released and subsequent recovery rates of tagged carcasses were used in estimating spawning populations. Unless otherwise stated, all counted carcasses were chopped in half or tagged to prevent recounting on subsequent trips. Tags were applied so that either the Jolly-Seber, Schaefer, or Ricker estimate could be used. Fresh carcasses were tagged on the upper jaw for Schaefer and Ricker analysis. Decayed carcasses were tagged on the lower jaw and combined with fish with upper jaw tags for the Jolly-Seber estimates Weather conditions did not interfere with carcass recovery this season until late in the spawning season. Stream flows were low and carcass recovery conditions good. Results are presented under the individual stream headings.

Annual Report, Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1998 (This draft version contains only data for the Upper Sacramento River and tributaries)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:17:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawner population sizes were estimated for all four runs of Chinook salmon on the Sacramento River main stern (Figure 1) upstream of Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). Battle Creek was the only tributary in this area for which individual fall-run population estimates were made... Spawning distribution in the main stem was determined from aerial redd counts. In 1998, 110,997 salmon were estimated for the Sacramento River system between Keswick Dam and Red Bluff, consisting of 107,390 fall-. 2,604 winter- and 1,003, spring-run fish (Appendix 2). The main stem portion of the fall-run spawner population was -4,824. The main stem totals which are reported include fish from tributaries in which a run might nave occurred, but where no surveys were made; e.g. the fall-run in Cottonwood and Cow creeks.

Chinook Salmon Spawning Population for the Sacramento River System, 1995; Keswick Dam to Red Bluff Diversion Dam

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:17:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - During 1995, spawning stock data were collected on some Central Valley streams known to support sizable Chinook salmon runs by counting potential spawners passing through fishways, conducting stream surveys where numbers of live fish, carcasses and redds were enumerated, and making aerial redd counts. In some streams carcasses were color tagged and released and subsequent recovery rates of tagged carcasses were used in estimating spawning populations. Unless otherwise stated, all counted carcasses were chopped in half or tagged to prevent recounting on subsequent trips. Tags were applied so that either the Jolly-Seber, Schaefer, or Ricker estimate could be used. Fresh carcasses were tagged on the upper jaw for Schaefer and Ricker analysis. Decayed carcasses were tagged on the lower jaw and combined with fish with upper jaw tags for the Jolly-Seber estimates. Weather conditions did not interfere with carcass recovery this season until late in the spawning season. Stream flows were low and carcass recovery conditions good. Results are presented under the individual stream headings.

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report July 1,1997, through June 30, 1998. (1-FG-20-09820 [FG 0414]).

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:17:20 -0800

Monitoring Report - INTRODUCTION: This is the tenth in a series of annual reports detailing various monitoring activities (Tasks) conducted by the Department of Fish and Game (Department) in the Trinity River basin. This report fulfills requirements set forth under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number 1-FG-20-09820 between the Department of Fish and Game and the US Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). Specific Tasks were designed to complement restoration activities authorized by Public Law (P.L.) 98-541 (Trinity River Basin Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act) enacted by Congress in 1984. This law authorized expenditures through Federal fiscal year (FY) 1995. Results of Department studies through this authorization are listed in the table below and are available upon request from: California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Program Branch, 1416 Ninth Street, Sacramento, California 95814. Task Title I. Spawner Surveys in the Upper Trinity River Basin. II. Capture and Coded-Wire Tagging of Naturally Produced Chinook Salmon in the Trinity River Basin III. Life History, Distribution, Run Size and Angler Harvest of Steelhead in the South Fork Trinity River Basin IV. Annual Run-Size, Harvest, and Spawner Escapement Estimates for Trinity River Basin Chinook and Coho Salmon and Steelhead V. Survival and Contribution of the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements Made by Chinook and Coho Salmon Produced at Trinity River Hatchery. VI. Survival and Contributions to the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements Made by Steelhead Produced at Trinity River Hatchery. VII. Life History, Distribution, Run Size and Harvest of Spring Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Trinity River Basin. VIII. Special Project: Technical Analysis and Report Preparation Inclusive Years

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report 1992-1993 Season.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:17:04 -0800

Monitoring Report - JOB I: SALMON SPAWNER SURVEYS IN THE UPPER TRINITY RIVER BASIN Staff of the California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project conducted a mark-and-recovery, salmon spawner survey of the mid-Trinity River basin from 15 September through 17 December 1992. We surveyed the mainstem Trinity River from the upstream limit of anadromous migration at Lewiston Dam to the confluence of the North Fork Trinity River. Selected portions of major tributaries that were accessible to anadromous fish were also surveyed. We examined 982 Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and 52 Coho salmon (O. kisutch) carcasses during the mainstem Trinity River survey. Chinook and Coho salmon spawned throughout the entire mainstem survey area. Spawner density was highest in the uppermost 3.2 km of the river, with decreased densities in downstream survey zones. Spawner density was more uniform between survey zones than in past years. We found 44 Chinook and 11 Coho salmon carcasses during the tributary surveys. All Chinook which spawned in the tributaries surveyed this season were fall-run. We recovered both spring-run and fall-run Chinook salmon carcasses in the survey. Spring-run Chinook salmon dominated recoveries in the mainstem until JOB II: CAPTURE AND CODED-WIRE TAGGING OF NATURALLY PRODUCED CHINOOK SALMON IN THE TRINITY RIVER BASIN Staff of the California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project conducted a trapping and coded-wire tagging operation for naturally produced, juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) on the mainstem Trinity River below Lewiston Dam from 14 January through 14 June 1993. We trapped 56,968 juvenile Chinook salmon, 1,069 juvenile Coho salmon (O, kisutch), and 864 juvenile steelhead (0. mykiss) at four locations during the study. Peak catch-per-unit-effort for juvenile Chinook salmon, measured at the trapping site where we had the most consistent effort, occurred in mid- May. Weekly average fork lengths of trapped juvenile Chinook salmon increased throughout the trapping period. We adipose fin-clipped and implanted coded-wire tags into 48,423 juvenile Chinook salmon, a sub-sample of which ranged in size from 29 to 118 mm, averaging 56.0 mm fork length. After adjusting for tagging mortality, tag shedding, and poor fin clips, we effectively coded-wire tagged and released 44,565 juvenile Chinook salmon. JOB III: LIFE HISTORY, DISTRIBUTION, RUN SIZE AND ANGLER HARVEST OF STEELHEAD IN THE SOUTH FORK TRINITY RIVER BASIN The California Department of Fish and Game's Natural Stocks Assessment Project monitored adult fall-run steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) migration at various weirs. An insufficient number of tags, applied at our immigrant weir, were recovered to allow us to make a valid estimate of steelhead escapement in South Fork Trinity River basin during the 1992-1993 season. Based on the results of our creel survey of the sport fishery in the two major areas accessible to the

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report 1994-1995. (IFD).

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:16:48 -0800

Monitoring Report - JOB I: SALMON SPAWNER SURVEYS IN THE UPPER TRINITY RIVER BASIN Staff of the California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project conducted a mark-and-recovery, salmon spawner survey of mid-Trinity River basin from 19 September through 18 December 1994. We surveyed the mainstem Trinity River from the upstream limit of anadromous migration at Lewiston Dam to the confluence of the North Fork Trinity River. Selected portions of major tributaries that were accessible to anadromous fish were also surveyed. We examined 1,720 Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) carcasses and 2 Coho salmon (O. kisutch) carcasses during the mainstem Trinity River survey. We found 61 Chinook salmon carcasses during tributary surveys. All Chinook which spawned in the tributaries this season were assumed to be fall-run. We did not recover any Coho salmon carcasses in the tributary surveys this year. Chinook salmon spawned throughout the entire mainstem. Spawner density was highest in the uppermost 3.2 km of river, with decreased densities in downstream survey zones. JOB II: CAPTURE AND CODED-WIRE TAGGING OF NATURALLY PRODUCED CHINOOK SALMON IN THE TRINITY RIVER BASIN From 1989 to 1994, the California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project personnel trapped and coded-wire tagged naturally produced juvenile Chinook salmon in the mainstem Trinity River. Trapping and tagging were not conducted in 1995. However, returns of Chinook previously tagged by this Project were monitored and are reported in this Chapter. Ninety-two adult Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coded-wire-tagged as Trinity River naturally produced juveniles, were recovered-this season from the in-river and ocean-sport fishery, Trinity River Hatchery, Indian gill-net fishery, and the mainstem salmon spawner surveys. These included five from the 1989 brood year (five-year-olds), thirty-eight from the 1990 brood year (four-year-olds), forty-four from the 1991 brood year (three-year-olds), and five from the 1992 brood year (two-year olds). JOB III: LIFE HISTORY, DISTRIBUTION, RUN SIZE AND ANGLER HARVEST OF STEELHEAD IN THE SOUTH FORK TRINITY RIVER BASIN The California Department of Fish and Game's Natural Stocks Assessment Project monitored adult fall-run steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss) immigration into the South Fork Trinity River basin during the 1994-1995 season. Based on the results of our creel survey of the sport fishery in the two major areas accessible to the public, we estimated that 1,119 anglers landed 59 adult steelhead during the 1994-1995 season. The angler harvest rate in the entire South Fork Trinity River basin during the 1994-1995 season was estimated at 10.1%. Steelhead spawning stock surveys were conducted in 24 streams in the South Fork Trinity River basin. We surveyed 104.3 km of stream, observed 14 adult steelhead, and counted 54 redds. Steelhead were found to spawn mostly in pool tail-crests (64.8%) and runs (25.9%). Th

Trinity River Fisheries Assessment Program. Investigations on New River. Fiscal Year 1996-98.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:16:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - Monitoring of salmonids in the New River Basin continued in fiscal years 1996 to 1998. New River summer steelhead surveys have occurred in either September or October since 1989. During the past ten years, adult summer steelhead counts have ranged from 251 to 765 fish, averaging 480 fish. Over the same period, half-pounders represented between 1.4 and 24.0 percent of all summer steelhead counted. For 1996-1998, counts of summer steelhead were 307, 651, and 495 fish respectively, with half-pounder percentages of 18, 7, and 1.4 respectively.

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report July 1, 1995 through June 30, 1996.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:16:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the eighth in a series of annual reports detailing various monitoring activities (Tasks) conducted by the Department of Fish and Game in the Trinity River basin. This report fulfills requirements set forth under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number 1-FG-20-09820 between the Department of Fish and Game (Department) and the United States Bureau of Reclamation (USBOR). Specific Tasks were designed to complement restoration activities authorized by Public Law 98-541 (Trinity River Basin Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act) enacted by Congress in 1984. Task titles and prior study years are listed in the list below. Reports detailing results of these activities art: available upon request from California Department of Fish and Game, Inland Fisheries Division, 1416 9 Street, Sacramento, CA 95814. Spawner Surveys in the Upper Trinity River Basin Capture and Coded-Wire Tagging of Naturally Produced Chinook Salmon in The Trinity River Basin Life History, Distribution. Run Size and Angler- Harvest of Steelhead in the South Fork Trinity River Basin Annual Run-Size, Harvest and Spawner Escapement Estimates for Trinity River Basin Chinook and Coho Salmon and Steelhead Survival and Contribution of the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements Made by Chinook and Coho Salmon Produced at Trinity River Hatchery VI. Survival and Contribution to the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements Made by Steelhead Produced a1 Trinity River Hatchery Life History, Distribution, Run Size, and Harvest of Spring Chinook Salmon in the South Fork Trinity River Basin VIII. Special Project: Technical Analysis and Report Preparation

Klamath River Salmon and Steelhead Management Report for 1963-64. (IFD)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:13:11 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the period from July 1, 1963 to June 30, 1964 and describes the management program on the Klamath and Shasta Rivers, Siskiyou County, for king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), silver salmon (0. kisutch) and steelhead rainbow trout (Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii). During this period 2,171 king salmon, 190 silver salmon, and 1,542 steelhead were trapped at Iron Gate Darn. These fish produced 3,564, 000 king salmon and 522, 000 steelhead eggs. No eggs were taken from silver salmon.

Sacramento River Winter-run Chinook Salmon, Annual Report [1998]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:12:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report summarizes management and recovery actions over the last year and provides an update of the population status for Sacramento River winter-run Chinook salmon. Its format has been reorganized to correspond to the seven recovery goals described in the National Marine Fisheries Service's (NMFS) Proposed Recovery Plan for Sacramento River winter-run Chinook Salmon. It is expected that the recovery plan will be made final in the near future. The U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USSR) was able to meet the temperature objective of 56 f. from Keswick Dam to Bend Bridge during the main egg incubation period for winter-run Chinook salmon due to adequate water storage levels and the operation of the Shasta Dam Temperature Control Device. The temperature control device has been in use since May 1997. During the winter of 1998 Iron Mountain mine once again produced an enormous amount of acid and metal. The neutralization plant was able to intercept the bulk of the dissolved metal before it reached the Sacramento River. Construction began on the additional collection system for acid mine drainage in upper Slickrock Creek and for an expansion of the treatment plant. With the addition of Slickrock Creek drainage to the treatment plant it is estimated the total metal load from Iron Mountain Mine will be reduced by approximately 90 percent of the original pre-treatment level.

Population Trends and Escapement Estimation of Mokelumne River Fall-run Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:11:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - In 1990 the East Bay Municipal Utility District (EBMUD) began a program to monitor the fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) populations in the lower Mokelumne River using video and trapping at Woodbridge Dam and weekly redd surveys. Over the eight years of this monitoring program, the Mokelumne River fall-run Chinook salmon escapement showed a trend of increased abundance of both hatchery and natural spawners. The 1997 estimated total spawning escapement (combined hatchery and natural run) was 10,175 compared to a spawning escapement of 497 in 1990 and the 57-year average escapement of 3,434 fish. The estimated natural spawning population fluctuated from a low of 369 in 1991 to a high of 3,892 fish (1,739.3 ¦ 1,384.9) in 1996. The percentage of natural spawners ranged between 31% to 90% (52.3 ¦ 19.9) of the total spawning escapement during the 1991 - 1997 period. Significant correlations were observed between the number of redds and total escapement (R2 = 0.941, P < 0.0001) and the hatchery returns and total spawning escapement (R2 = 0.972, P < 0.001). The later correlation was used to determine the accuracy of past spawning escapement estimates based upon a similar correlation using a narrower dataset. These results suggest accurate total spawning escapement estimates can be obtained from hatchery returns and from redd counts. Escapement estimates calculated from redd counts and compared with known estimates were accurate in the mid-range while those calculated from hatchery returns were accurate throughout the range of run sizes.

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report 1991-1992.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:11:15 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the fourth annual report to the United States Bureau of Reclamation {USBR) of activities conducted under the terms of Cooperative Agreements Numbers 8-FC-20-07100 and 1-FG-20-09820, and covers the contract period July 1, 1991 through June 30, 1992. The second Cooperative Agreement expanded Jobs 3, 4 and 5, and added Jobs 7 and 8. The field work was conducted by personnel of the California Department of Fish and Game's (CDFG) Klamath-Trinity Program, specifically its Trinity River Project (TRP), Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project (TFIP), and Natural Stacks Assessment Project (NSAP). The following is a list of the jobs covered in this report: I.JOB I Salmon Spawner Surveys In The Upper Trinity River Basin II.JOB II Capture And Coded-Wire Tagging Of Naturally Produced Chinook Salmon In The Trinity River Basin III.JOB III Life History, Distribution, Run Size And Angler Harvest Of Steelhead In The South Fork Trinity River Basin IV.JOB IV Annual Run-Size, Harvest, And Spawner Escapement Estimates For Trinity River Basin Chinook And Coho Salmon And Steelhead V.JOB V Survival And Contributions To The Fisheries And Spawner Escapements Made By Chinook And Coho Salmon Produced At Trinity River Hatchery. VI.JOB VI Survival And Contributions To The Fisheries And Spawner Escapements Made By Steelhead Produced At Trinity River Hatchery VII.JOB VII Life History, Distribution, Run Size, And Harvest Of Spring Chinook Salmon In The South Fork Trinity River Basin VIII. JOB VIII Special Projects: Technical Analyses And Report Preparation

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report 1990-1991.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:10:56 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the third annual report to the United States Bureau of Reclamation {USBR) of activities conducted under the terms of Cooperative Agreements Numbers 8-FC-20-07100 and 1-FG-20-09820, and covers the contract period July 1, 1990 through June 30, 1991. The second Cooperative Agreement expanded Jobs 3, 4 and 5, and added Jobs 7 and 8. The field work was conducted by personnel of the California Department of Fish and Game's (CDFG) Klamath-Trinity Program, specifically its Trinity River Project (TRP), Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project (TFIP), and Natural Stacks Assessment Project (NSAP). The following is a list of the jobs covered in this report: I.JOB I Salmon Spawner Surveys In The Upper Trinity River Basin II.JOB II Capture And Coded-Wire Tagging Of Naturally Produced Chinook Salmon In The Trinity River Basin III.JOB III Life History, Distribution, Run Size And Angler Harvest Of Steelhead In The South Fork Trinity River Basin IV.JOB IV Annual Run-Size, Harvest, And Spawner Escapement Estimates For Trinity River Basin Chinook And Coho Salmon And Steelhead V.JOB V Survival And Contributions To The Fisheries And Spawner Escapements Made By Chinook And Coho Salmon Produced At Trinity River Hatchery VI.JOB VI Survival And Contributions To The Fisheries And Spawner Escapements Made By Steelhead Produced At Trinity River Hatchery VII.JOB VII Life History, Distribution, Run Size, And Harvest Of Spring Chinook Salmon In The South Fork Trinity River Basin VIII. JOB VIII Special Projects: Technical Analyses And Report Preparation

Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project, Annual Report 1989-1990.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:10:42 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the second annual report to the United States Bureau of Reclamation {USBR) of activities conducted under the terms of Cooperative Agreements Numbers 8-FC-20-07100 and 1-FG-20-09820, and covers the contract period July 1, 1989 through June 30, 1990. The field work was conducted by personnel of the California Department of Fish and Game's (CDFG) Klamath-Trinity Program, specifically its Trinity River Project (TRP), Trinity Fisheries Investigations Project (TFIP), and Natural Stocks Assessment Project (NSAP). The following is a list of the jobs covered in this report: I.JOB I Salmon Spawner Surveys in the Upper Trinity River Basin II.JOB II Capture and Coded-Wire Tagging of Naturally Produced Chinook Salmon in the Trinity River Basin III.JOB III Life History, Distribution, Run Size and Angler Harvest of Steelhead in the South Fork Trinity River Basin IV.JOB IV Run size, Angler Harvest and Spawner Escapement of Chinook and Coho Salmon in the Trinity River Basin V.JOB V Survival and Contribution to the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements made by Chinook Salmon Produced at Trinity River Hatchery VI.JOB VI Survival and Contributions to the Fisheries and Spawner Escapements made by Steelhead Produced at Trinity River Hatchery

Merced River King (Chinook) Salmon Spawning Channel and Yearling Rearing Pond, Annual Report for 1971-1972 Season. (AFB 73-3)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:10:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the second annual report of the Merced River king salmon spawning channel and yearling rearing pond operation. It covers the period from July 1, 1971, through June 30, 1972. The facility was first operated in the fall of 1970. The purpose is to enhance the fall-run king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) resource in the Merced River. In the fall of 1971, 94 king salmon females entered the channel and deposited an estimated 476,623 eggs. No estimate of total outmigration was made. Periodic trapping accounted for 15,005 migrants. Toward the end of the downstream migrant season, an estimated 30,000 fish that had not migrated were held in the channel, and will be released as yearlings in the fall of 1972. In October, 1971, 86,000 yearling salmon of Stanislaus River strain were released into the Merced River from the single rearing pond. A second rearing pond was added in February of 1972, increasing the rearing capacity to 200,000 yearlings (100,000 in each pond). A new crop of 289,000 Stanislaus River strain fry, hatched at Moccasin Creek Hatchery, was transferred to the ponds in March, 1972. Thirty-four percent of this years spawners were from previous yearling releases, based on age analysis of 29 spawners.

Merced River King (Chinook) Salmon Spawning Channel, Annual Report for 1970-1971 Season. (AFB 72-6)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:10:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the first annual report of the Merced River King Salmon Spawning Channel. It covers the period of operation from July 1, 1970, through June 30, 1971. The channel was completed in the summer of 1970 and was first operated in the fall of that year. The purpose of the channel is to enhance the fall-run king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) resource in the Merced River. An estimated 152,722 salmon eggs were deposited in the gravel, and 59,127 juvenile salmon were estimated to have migrated from the channel. This is an egg-to-outmigrant survival of 38.7%. About 30,000 of the late migrants were trucked to Antioch. A rearing pond for raising salmon to yearling size went into operation on April 26 when more than 100,000 Stanislaus River fingerlings were transferred to the pond from Moccasin Creek Hatchery.

King (Chinook) Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Upper Trinity River, 1963. (MRB 65-3)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:09:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - Surveys of the Upper Trinity River, made in 1955 and 1956, showed that approximately 47 and 58 percent, respectively, of the king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning took place above Lewiston Dam site (Gibbs, 1956 and Gibbs' unpublished manuscript). In 1958, during the construction of Trinity and Lewiston dams, a weir and temporary trapping facility were constructed about 1 mile below Lewiston Dam site. In 1958 and 1959, salmon were trapped at this facility, transported above the Trinity Dam construction area and released (Murray, 1959, 1961). In 1960, 1961, and 1962, ripe fish were spawned at the trapping site. The resulting eggs were hatched in incubators and the swim-up fry released into the Trinity River at Lewiston (Murray, 1962a, 1962b, 1964). By the fall of 1963, Trinity and Lewiston dams were in operation. Stream flow was regulated and summer temperatures were reduced for several miles below Lewiston Dam. In late September, a ladder was completed over the weir at the now abandoned trapping facility. This allowed fish to move upstream and enter the new Trinity River Hatchery located immediately below Lewiston Dam. In view of the changes that had occurred in the Trinity River, a third spawning bed survey was conducted in the fall of 1963. The following information was desired: 1. Estimate the number of spawning salmon. 2. Composition of the spawning escapement. 3. Determine if any changes had occurred in the areas utilized by the spawning salmon.

King (Chinook) Salmon Spawning Survey of the South Fork Trinity River, 1964. (MRB 67-10)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:09:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - Because of a lack of information on the size of spawning runs of king salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the South Fork Trinity River, a tag and recovery or Petersen-type study was performed in 1964 to obtain an estimate of the spawning populations. The primary objective was to determine if a tag and recovery experiment would give a reliable estimate of the size of the spring-run salmon population. Secondary objectives are: (1) determine the area and time of spring-run spawning; (2) determine the area and time of fall-run spawning; (3) estimate the size of the fall-run spawning population. Spring-run salmon were seined from pools and tagged with 'spaghetti' tags prior to spawning. The tags were recovered as part of a carcass recovery survey throughout the entire river and in Hayfork Creek. The survey extended over both the spring and fall runs of salmon. The tagged fish did not distribute themselves throughout the population, but spawned close to the resting pools from which they were tagged. The average distance traveled by all tag recoveries was 0.9 miles, ranging from no movement to 5.0 miles. High consumption of salmon carcasses by bears and other animals reduced the efficiency of the carcass recovery. Because of the lack of distribution of the tagged fish, the tag and recovery method was only partially successful in estimating the size of the spring-run of king salmon on the South Fork Trinity River. The population, estimate obtained is 11,600 (11,604) fish. The spring-run spawned in the South Fork from about two miles above Hyampom, upstream for 46 miles, and in Hayfork Creek from two to seven miles above its mouth. Spring-run spawning began in late September and peaked in mid-October. The fall-run spawned in the lower 30 miles of the South Fork, from its mouth to Hyampom, and in the lower 2.7 miles of Hayfork Creek. Fall-run spawning began in mid-October and peaked around the 10th of November. The fall-run population was estimated to be 3,300 (3,337) fish. Refinements of tagging time and/or location and intensification of carcass recovery effort would improve the accuracy of a Peterson-type study of the South Fork Trinity River king salmon population size

Anadromous Salmonid Spawning Escapements in the Upper Trinity River, California, 1969. (AFB 75-7)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:08:54 -0800

Monitoring Report - A mark and recapture program was conducted on the anadromous salmonid escapement in the Trinity River in 1969. Escapements were estimated at 48,478 king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and 3,220 silver salmon (O. kisutch). Too few tagged steelhead (Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii) were recovered to estimate their escapement. Data on length frequencies, sex ratios, and spawning success for naturally-spawning and Trinity River Hatchery fish and on degradation of river spawning habitat are also presented.

King Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and Silver Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) spawning escapement and spawning habitat in the upper trinity river, 1970. (AFB 73-10)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:08:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - In the fall of 1970, a king salmon and silver salmon spawning survey was conducted on the 40-mile portion of t h e Trinity River from Lewiston Dam, downstream to its confluence with the North Fork Trinity River. From October 14 t o December 12, 1970, 2,198 king salmon and 334 silver salmon carcasses were recovered. The 2,198 king salmon recovered on the spawning grounds represent an assumed population of 14,952 natural l spawners to which 4,444 fish which entered the hatchery must be added for a total of 19,396. Assuming 60% of the silver salmon run entered Trinity River Hatchery, the 3,147 captured there represent an estimated spawning population of 5,245. The king salmon carcasses examined were 36.3% large males, 17.9% small males, 38.3% large females, and 7.6% small females. Overall spawning success for male and female king salmon was 93.5 and 94.9% respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1. 18:1. For silver salmon the spawning success for males and females was 100.0 and 87.1% respectively. The male-to-female ratio was 1. 02:1. The mean fork length for male king salmon was 27.1 inches and was 28.4 inches for females. For silver r salmon the mean fork length for males and females was 28.4 and 28.7 inches, respectively. Of all king and silver salmon carcasses recovered, 53.4% were found in the upper two miles of the area studied. Since 1963, 16 out of the 17 major spawning riffles observed have shown a decrease in area of use. Lewiston Riffle, the largest spawning riffle, has decreased by 58.5% since 1963.

A Spawning Escapement Survey of Anadromous Salmonids in the Upper Trinity River, 1971. (AFB 82-2)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:08:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - In the fall of 1971 a salmon and steelhead tag and recovery program was conducted on the upper Trinity River. From September 8 through November 11, 1,163 Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha); 54 Coho salmon, O. kisutch; and 142 steelhead, Salmo gairdneri, were trapped during their spawning migration and tagged with numbered spaghetti tags.-red. Later, samples were taken on the spawning grounds and at Trinity River Hatchery to determine abundance of these tagged fish. A total of 15,507 Chinook salmon was examined, 69 were tagged Chinooks recaptured within the study area. Forty-seven Coho salmon were collected at the hatchery, only 4 of these were previously tagged. Only 2 tagged steelhead were recaptured from a sample of 309. Chinook salmon spawning was estimated to be 166,510, of which 43% were spring-run fish. The estimated Coho salmon spawning escapement was 509 spawners. Insufficient data prevented an estimation of the size of the steelhead run. The mean fork length for male Chinook salmon was 66.5 cm; females averaged 68.8 cm. The male-to-female ratio was 1:1. 04. The upper 29 km of the 64.3 km study area received 85% of the salmon spawning activity.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1993 [IFD 99-1]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:08:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 41st annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for some streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1993 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 171,315 fish. This total consisted of 163,638 fall-, 6,070 spring-, 340 winter-, and 1,267 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 5,983 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. The 1993 total salmon population was 39% larger than in 1992. Despite the higher population, late-fall- and winter-run salmon numbers in the Sacramento River mainstem decreased from 1992. The mainstem spring run was similar in size to 1992's population, which was the lowest ever recorded. San Joaquin tributary fall runs also increased over those for 1992. However, the San Joaquin system still only contributed a small portion (3.5%) of the total Central Valley escapement.

A Steelhead Spawning Survey of the Tributaries of the Upper Trinity River and Upper Hayfork Creek Drainages, 1973. (AFB 75-5)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:07:47 -0800

Monitoring Report - Steelhead (Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii) redds were counted, April 2-May 6, 1973, in upper Trinity River and Hayfork Creek drainages, to determine the status of steelhead populations. A total of 177 steelhead redds was observed in the combined survey areas. The 1973 survey conditions were poor. The 1973 redd counts were up in the few areas which were surveyed under comparable conditions in 1972, and the returns t o Trinity Hatchery were slightly greater in 1973 than in 1972, indicating a modest increase in the steelhead spawning escapement over 1972.ö

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1994 [IFD 99-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:07:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 42nd annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of reports estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run salmon spawner populations for some streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds on spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1994 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 193,195 fish. This total consisted of 186,052 fall-, 6,065 spring-, 189 winter-, and 889 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were estimated to be in the Sacramento River system, while 8,547 fish of the fall run were in the San Joaquin River system. The 1994 total salmon population was 13% larger than in 1993. Despite the higher population, winter- and fall-run salmon numbers in the Sacramento River mainstem decreased from 1993. The mainstem spring run was nearly double the 1993 population, which was one of the lowest recorded. It was not possible to completely estimate the numbers of late-fall-run fish in the mainstem. San Joaquin tributary fall runs also increased over those for 1993. However, the San Joaquin system still only contributed a small portion (4.4%) of the total Central Valley escapement.

Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement Estimate for a Tributary of the Smith River, California. Second Interim Report 1980-1987. Unpublished UC Sea Grant technical report.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:05:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - In the fall of 1980 a salmon spawning escapement study was started on the West Branch Mill Creek, a major fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning tributary of the Smith River, Del Norte County, California. The purpose of this 10 year study and a description of the study section was detailed by Waldvogel (1985). The study is being conducted through the University of California Cooperative Extension office in Crescent City, California. This report analyzes the data collected during the past eight salmon spawning seasons (1980-1987). The intent of the Chinook spawning escapement study was to monitor the population over a ten year period. However, the recent development of a large California State Correctional Facility (Pelican Bay State Prison) in Del Norte County has necessitated an extension of the study. Pelican Bay Prison will be discharging sewage effluent from the facility into holding ponds in the Smith River flood plain. The effects that the tertiary treated wastewater will have on anadromous fish in the Smith River system are not known. In light of this development, the author will continue this Chinook escapement study for another 10 year period. Interim reports will be completed every four years to document the monitoring of the Chinook salmon spawning population in the West Branch Mill Creek drainage. The 20 year spawning study will identify any sudden population changes in the number of spawners utilizing Mill Creek.

Smith River Chinook Study. (Supplemental to Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement Estimate for a Tributary of the Smith River, California. Second Interim Report 1980-1987, Unpublished UC Sea Grant technical report.) Additional counts, 1988-1999.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:05:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - In the fall of 1980, a Chinook salmon spawning escapement study was started on the West Branch Mill Creek, a major fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning tributary of the Smith River, Del Norte County, California. The purpose of the study was to determine the relative abundance of spawning fall Chinook salmon in a defined study section over- a 20-year period as habitat changes occur. The reason for implementing this research was the lack of any historic long-term spawning escapement estimate for the Smith River system.

Upper Sacramento River Steelhead, Oncorhynchus mykiss, 1952-1988.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:04:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - Steelhead trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, (formerly Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii and Salmo mykiss) populations have declined drastically in the Upper Sacramento River System above the mouth of the Feather River (Figure 1). Many known changes are in evidence which are, or could be, adversely affecting steelhead abundance but the relative importance of these changes is unknown. One reason that the effects of most known changes are unknown is because of the lack of interest in steelhead i.e., more interest displayed elsewhere, by administrators. For example, the only comprehensive steelhead research program ever carried out on the Upper Sacramento River System was canceled in the late 1950's. Unfortunately this cancellation occurred immediately prior to when Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) yearling steelhead releases were increased from 166,000 to 1. 5 million annually. No evaluation of this tremendous change was permitted, so the effects of the increased releases on naturally produced steelhead remain a mystery. Since the 1950's, Upper Sacramento River steelhead studies have been piecemeal, primarily related to Red Bluff Diversion Dam RBDD), CNFH production and periodic attempts to determine harvest. Because of the lack of steelhead research, there is now not enough available data to enable development of a comprehensive Upper Sacramento River System steelhead management plan. However, there is enough information available to suggest some immediate steps that may be taken which could help stem, at least temporarily, the decline.

Adult Steelhead Counts in Mill and Deer Creeks, Tehama county, October 1993 - June 1994. (IFD 95-3)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 10:01:48 -0800

Monitoring Report - Counts were made for adult steelhead in Mill and Deer creeks from October 1993 through June 1994. Populations of wild steelhead in these two drainages are at critically low levels. Less than 100 steelhead ascended each of these creeks this season. In 1990 Mill, Deer, Battle and Antelope creeks (Shasta and Tehama counties) were closed to fishing to protect dwindling stocks of wild steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss). To set recovery goals, the current population status of wild steelhead stock in these tributaries needs to be addressed. The last count was made for Mill Creek in 1979. The only count made for Deer Creek was in 1964 and totaled 1006 fish. The average count was 1087 fish for Mill Creek for the years 1953 through 1963 and 1979. Counts were initiated for this study in October 1993 and continued through June 1994.

2000 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey Summary

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:57:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 2000 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Surveys took place from July 22nd through August 7th, representing the fifth consecutive year of direct observation counts of summer steelhead in the Mattole watershed. The purpose of this survey is to enumerate summer steelhead and identify their preferred holding habitat on the Mattole River. In addition, locating cold water areas in the river's mainstem and identifying the distribution of three species of juvenile salmonids was of prime concern.

An Analysis of Silver Salmon Count at Benbow Dam, South Fork of Eel River, California.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:56:34 -0800

Monitoring Report - Each year the Bureau of Fish Conservation of the Department of Fish and Game counts the salmon and steelhead which ascend the fishway at Benbow Dam, on the South Fork of Eel River near Garberville, Humboldt County. This long-range project was inaugurated by Messrs. A. C. Taft and Leo Shapovalov, and the counts have been made annually since the season of 1938-39. Summaries of the counts have been issued in mimeographed form at yearly intervals. However, as with many similar projects, it has been necessary to await the completion of several salmonid cycles before detailed analyses of the data would prove fruitful. The first of these analyses, a preliminary one of the counts at this and other stations for the counting seasons 1938-39 through 1949-50, has been presented in another paper (Murphy and Shapovalov, 1951). In the present paper the counts of a single species, the silver salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch), are given in detail for the seasons 1938-39 through 1950-51. A method is given for calculating the absolute number in each age class at the end of the first season of ocean life; for calculating the percentage of each age class that returned as grilse (males with one season in fresh water and one season in the ocean); and for calculating the percentage of mortality during the final year of life of the silver salmon. In addition, an attempt is made to explain fluctuations in the population by use of correlation analysis.

1998 Summer Steelhead Trout and Spring Chinook Salmon Census, Happy Camp and Ukonom Ranger Districts, Klamath National Forest, Siskiyou County, California.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:56:12 -0800

Data - Enclosed are the results of the 1998 summer steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring Chinook salmon (O. tshawytscha) holding surveys of Clear, Dillon, Elk, Grider, Walker, and Wooley Creeks. No census was conducted on Indian Creek this year due to unresolved issues concerning government surveys on privately owned parts of the Indian Creek stream channel. Surveys were conducted by personnel from the Klamath National Forest - Happy Camp and Ukonom Fisheries Departments, the California Department of Fish and Game, and volunteers from the Salmon River Restoration Council (Sue Mauer, Will Harling, Peter Caffretta, and Nat Pennington). Most streams were surveyed in their entirety in one day in order to avoid double-counting or missing fish that might be moving within the stream systems. Fish counts were made by teams of at least two divers who snorkeled established stream reaches in a downstream direction looking for adult steelhead and salmon, primarily in pools and other deep water habitats. All counts were made by direct underwater observation using snorkeling gear and dive mask. 'Half-pounder' steelhead trout (14-18 inches FL) were classified and tallied separately from adult steelhead (> 18 inches FL); and grilse Chinook salmon (<15 inches FL) from adult Chinook salmon (>I5 inches FL). Viewing conditions on all surveyed streams was good to excellent during the surveys. There were two particularly interesting observations made during this years' survey. An adult spring Chinook was seen way up Elk Creek, upstream of the Bear Creek confluence. Usually if spring Chinook are seen at all in Elk Creek they are seen very close to the mouth. Also, an adult steelhead was seen above the surveyed index reach on North Fork Dillon Creek, which indicates that the range of summer steelhead holding extends some distance upstream of the index reach that is annually surveyed

2000 Summer Steelhead Surveys by Watershed, Data Collected by USFS, Orleans/Happy Camp Ranger Districts. [Includes a data sheet for 1999 and 2001]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:55:52 -0800

Data - None

1997 Summer Steelhead Surveys [Bluff Creek, Red Cap, and Camp]. Six Rivers National Forest. Orleans Ranger District.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:32:50 -0800

Data - None

Summer Steelhead Survey Summary, Six Rivers National Forest, 1995.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:32:32 -0800

Data - None

Summer Steelhead Counted in the South Fork Trinity River Upstream from Hyampom, 1974-2000. [Summary by Eric Gerstung].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:32:21 -0800

Data - None

Summer Steelhead Survey Summary, Six Rivers National Forest, 1994.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:31:48 -0800

Data - None

Chinook and Steelhead Spawning Summaries, 1990-91, Orleans Ranger District [includes 1989-90].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:31:01 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Table: North Fork Trinity River Summer Steelhead Counts 1971-2000.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:28:53 -0800

Data - Half-pounder steelhead were (16 to 18 inches). Prior to 1995, fish of this size were recorded as adults while 12 to 15 inch fish were not recorded at all ' Survey limited to a one-mile reach downstream from Hobo Gulch where 43 adults were counted. The CDFG diving survey was followed by another conducted by the Forest Service a few days later. Less experienced surveyors and the possibility that the first survey triggered increased human avoidance behavior among steelhead may have reduced observations on the second survey. For the years 1979 through 1982 the diving survey started at Morrison Gulch about 1. 7 miles downstream from Grizzly Creek. The excluded section has been used by an average of 3.7% of the holding adult steelhead. Only 45 adult steelhead were observed during the 1983 diving survey even though 159 adults were counted through a downstream weir prior to the survey. The 1994 survey terminated at Blacks Flat 3.3 miles upstream from the East Fork of the North Fork Trinity River. An average of 1. 8% of the adult steelhead have been observed in the excluded reach during other years. Survey in 1988 was made while performing habitat typing over a period of one month. Because fish were migrating, some individuals may have been counted more than once. In addition to the 338 adults observed upstream from Hobo Gulch, another 9 adults were observed immediately below the section but were not included in the table. The remainder of the lower river was not surveyed.

1999 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey Summary

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:27:37 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1999 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Surveys took place August 18 through August 31, representing the fourth consecutive year of direct observation counts on the Mattole. The purpose of this survey is to enumerate summer steelhead and identify their preferred holding habitat on the Mattole River. Snorkel observations were conducted on 16 reaches totaling over 39.3 miles with the help of seven divers (Table 2). Dives were concentrated in the main stem and the lowest reaches of Thompson, Bear and Honeydew Creeks. Observations of steelhead were recorded by size class; steelhead over sixteen inches fork length are adult fish, and steelhead from twelve to sixteen inches are half-pounders. Other aquatic species were noted when observed. Human induced influences, such as water intakes and garbage were also noted. Salmonid observations were recorded by species, size and preferred habitat. A total of sixteen (16) adults and eighty-eight (88) half-pounders were observed (Table 1). Air, river and tributary incidental temperatures were noted (Table 3). The Mattole River watershed includes some of the most remote and wild areas of California's remarkable coast. The local climate is distinguished by stormy, wet winters with average basin wide precipitation of 185 cm (Busby et al. 1988), and mild, dry summers - these conditions play a large role in determining the establishment and distribution of flora and fauna throughout the basin (Day 1996). The human population is scattered throughout the ridges and valleys of the watershed, with diverse lifestyles including ranching, timber harvesting and homesteading. Today, issues of habitat and species loss command the attention of local, state, and federal agencies, community members, and scientists. An understanding and awareness of the watershed's response to human activities, as well as the inherent and economic value of local natural resources, remain incomplete. The summer steelhead survey provides meaningful biological information to fill existing gaps. In addition, trends can be found over the space/time continuum. This survey was made possible through the cooperative efforts of the Mattole Salmon Group, California Trout, the Petrolia School and the Humboldt Fish Action Council.

Final Report, Spawning Ground Survey, 1999-2000 Season, Mattole River Watershed (BLM Cooperative Agreement 1422-B300-A7-1010, Task Order 003)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:27:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Mattole Salmon Group has conducted annual spawning ground surveys in selected mainstem and tributary reaches in the Mattole River watershed for 19 consecutive seasons. from 1981-82 through 1999-2000. Data are used to track long-term trends in escapement and spawner distribution for fall-run Chinook salmon and, secondarily, for Coho. The 1999-2000 spawning ground surveys were the most extensive ever undertaken in the Mattole - 151. 0 accumulated miles of survey, covering 68.35 miles of mainstem and tributary habitat - slightly surpassing the mileage totals from 1998-99. Redd counts are used as an indicator of escapement in index reaches because of the inconsistency of live spawner sightings and the paucity of carcass recoveries. Mattole Chinook and Coho escapements during the 1999-2000 season exhibited a definite upswing, to about double the low returns from the previous year and comparable to the estimated escapement during 1997-98 (see Figure 1 on cover page). However, a substantial number of salmon spawned lower in the system than is ideal, due to a month-long dry spell extending from 12/11/99 to 1/10/00. After a series of strong storms in mid-January we documented a small but encouraging pulse of late-run Coho to the mainstem Mattole headwaters and Thompson Creek. Other noteworthy observations from the 1999-2000 season included the documentation of a 4-year-old marked Coho in Thompson Creek, concentrated spawning activity of Chinook in the lower 2.1 miles of Bear Creek, and our earliest sightings of adult lamprey in the Mattole, at the end of December 1999.

Final Report, Spawning Ground Survey, 1998-99 Season, Mattole River Watershed (BLM Cooperative Agreement 1422-B300-A7-1010, Task Order 002)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:27:06 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1998-99 season marked the 18th consecutive year of spawning ground surveys in the Mattole River watershed. These surveys provide data on the distribution and relative abundance of live salmon spawners. carcasses, and redds (spawning nests) in key tributaries and selected mainstem reaches. Surveys are conducted by a resident network of trained volunteers and paid personnel by wading, canoeing or diving specified stream segments one or more times during the salmon spawning season (generally late November through mid-January). Data are used as an indicator of changes or trends in salmon escapement, and for evaluation of progress toward restoration goals. The basic protocols for conducting spawning ground surveys in the Mattole have remained consistent from the 1985-86 season to the present. In the fall of 1997, Project Coordinator Gary Peterson prepared a detailed. 14-page training manual and developed a series of new data forms which facilitated the recording of information in the field. The manual and field forms were updated in November 1998 (version 2.2) and issued to prospective surveyors with two attachments, a one-page Safety Sheet and an 8-page guide to identification of adult salmonids As in past years, field training consisted of experienced surveyors accompanying new participants for the first few outings of the season.

Final Report, Spawning Ground Survey, 1997-98 Season, Mattole River Watershed (BLM Cooperative Agreement 1422-B300-A7-1010, Task Order 002)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:26:54 -0800

Monitoring Report - No Abstract or Summary

Summary of Mattole Summer Steelhead Dives, 1996-1999 (data table).

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:26:40 -0800

Data - None

1998 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey Summary.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:26:28 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1998 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Surveys took place August 12 through August 27, representing the third consecutive year of direct observation counts on the Mattole. The purpose of this survey is to enumerate summer steelhead and identify their preferred holding habitat on the Mattole River. Snorkel observations were conducted on designated reaches and spot-check locations with the help of twelve surveyors. Observations of steelhead were recorded by size class; steelhead over sixteen inches fork length are adult fish, and steelhead from twelve to sixteen inches are half-pounders. A total of forty-four (44) adults and eighty-five (85) half-pounders were observed over approximately forty-five miles surveyed. This report includes information on stream and air temperatures, survey reaches, distances, personnel, and future recommendations. Further observations were recorded for presence of juvenile salmonids, as well as other species present on the Mattole River. This type of information can be useful in determining the needs and habits of local riverine fauna, and establish land use practices that promote stewardship and conservation.

1997 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey Summary.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:26:17 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1997 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey took place July 16-19 and 21. The purpose of this survey was to identify summer steelhead and their preferred holding habitat on the Mattole River. Snorkel observations were conducted on designated reaches and spot-check locations by five pairs of surveyors. Observations of steelhead were recorded by size class; steelhead over sixteen inches total fork-length are adult fish, and steelhead from twelve to sixteen inches are half-pounders. A total of sixteen (16) adults and nineteen (19) half-pounders were observed over more than thirty-six miles surveyed. This report includes information on stream and ambient temperatures, survey reaches, distances, personnel, and future recommendations. Further observations were recorded for presence of juvenile salmonids, as well as other species present on the Mattole River. This type of information can be useful in determining the needs and habits of local riverine creatures, and thereby establish land use practices that will promote stewardship and conservation.

1996 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey Summary (Draft).

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:26:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1996 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Survey was conducted on July 24-26 and 31, 1996. Several reaches and spot checks (a total of 25.3 miles) were surveyed in an attempt to identify summer steelhead and their preferred holding habitat. A snorkel survey was made to observe adult (over 16 total length) and half pounder (12 to 16 total length) summer steelhead. A total of 12 adults and 34 half pounders were observed. Ancillary information was also gathered to meet the needs of participating members, for example, the presence of turtles. The data can be interpreted for the presence or observed absence of other fish species such as juvenile steelhead, Coho salmon and Chinook salmon. The attached report also contains information on survey reaches,

Map of Mattole Salmon Group summer steelhead survey reaches 2000.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:25:37 -0800

Map - None

North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Survey, 1990.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:25:01 -0800

Monitoring Report - Approximately 23 miles of this tributary of the upper Trinity River was surveyed by snorkeling. The survey was started in the headwater regions of this drainage in a downstream fashion to avoid chances of multiple counting of individual fish. The East fork of the North fork was not surveyed because previous surveys indicated that summer steelhead and spring Chinook did not use this tributary extensively. Surveyed areas are located on the attached map. In addition, percentages of habitat types which adults were found are given (Table 1: along with a correlation analysis of maximum depth of pool habitat and numbers of fish (Figure 1). Depth of pools was visually estimated. The discharge at the mouth of the North Fork was 24.9 cfs on September 7. This value was determined using a Marsh/McBirney flow meter.

North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Survey, 1992.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:24:44 -0800

Monitoring Report - The North Fork Trinity River is a tributary of the upper Trinity River and runs in a southerly direction through step mountainous terrain. Two crews surveyed approximately 23 miles of this tributary by direct observation snorkeling in September 1992. The survey began in the headwater regions of this drainage in a downstream fashion to avoid chances of multiple counting of individual fish. Swimming downstream with the current also saves time, especially in swift, deep canyon reaches. Several short reaches were surveyed in an upstream fashion due to access or time logistics. Suggestions for future surveys are given below to assist new personnel. In the past, large tributaries of the North Fork such as Grizzly and Rattlesnake Creeks were included in the survey. Due to extremely low flow conditions in 1992, only a small portion of Rattlesnake Creek was surveyed. The East Fork of the North Fork has not been surveyed since before 1991 because previous surveys indicated that summer steelhead and spring Chinook did not use this tributary extensively. Areas surveyed in 1992 are located on the attached maps. The same section labels used on the 1991 survey are used on the 1992 maps for comparison purposes. These do not always correspond to the actual 92 daily swimming reaches. In addition, percentages of habitat types in which adults were found are given

North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Survey, 1993.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:24:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - The North Fork Trinity River is a tributary of the upper Trinity River and runs in a southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain. Two crews surveyed approximately 23 miles of this tributary by direct t observation snorkeling in August and September 1993. Personnel from the Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and North State Resources, Inc. participated in the survey for adult summer-run steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring û run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). The survey was conducted in a downstream manner by snorkeling in all habitats thought to hold adult summer-run steelhead and spring run Chinook salmon. The survey was broken down into sections designated in the 1991 survey. Adult fish were counted and the habitat t type (McCain et al., 1991) was determined for each location adults were observed. Locations of fish observations and habitat types were recorded on topographic maps (attached). Stream temperatures and weather conditions were recorded at regular intervals each day of the survey. Other fish species present and incidental wildlife observations were also recorded during the survey. These observations included avian and mammalian fish predators and herpetofauna. In past years, the large tributaries of the North Fork Trinity River have been surveyed. Last year in 1992, only a small portion of Rattlesnake Creek was surveyed due t o extremely low flow conditions. During this 1993 survey 1. 6 miles of Rattlesnake Creek were surveyed. Approximately, .8 miles of Grizzly Creek and the North Fork above Grizzly were also surveyed. The East Fork of the North Fork has not been surveyed since before 1991 because previous surveys indicated that summer steelhead and spring Chinook did not use this tributary extensively. Areas surveyed in 1993 are located on the attached maps. In addition, percentages of habitat types in which adults were found are given.

1994 North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:24:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - The North Fork of the Trinity River is a major tributary of the Trinity River. The headwaters lie within the Trinity Alps Wilderness and it then flows in a generally southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain for approximately 27 miles to the Trinity River near Helena. Two crews surveyed approximately 20.5 miles of this tributary by direct observation snorkeling in August 1994 targeting adult summer-run steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We began the survey at the confluence of Grizzly Creek and proceeded downstream to the confluence with the mainstem Trinity River.

1996 Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Counts by Reach for NF Trinity River and Canyon Creek [data table].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:23:55 -0800

Data - None

Summer Steelhead Snorkel Surveys, 1999 [data table].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:23:41 -0800

Monitoring Report - Since 1978 summer steelhead have been counted on the North Fork Trinity River and Canyon Creek. These surveys were conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game from 1978 through 1989. In 1990 the Forest Service took the lead on these surveys and has conducted them in late August with the help and cooperation of local resource agencies and volunteers. Survey Method: The North Fork is divided in to six sections (reaches) each between 2.4 and 5.2 miles long while Canyon Creek is divided into six sections between l.6 and 3.6 miles long. Two or three divers start at the top of each section and swim downstream counting adult fish as they go. Deeper pools require surveyors to dive to the bottom of pools to search for fish hiding under bedrock ledges, boulders, and logs. Some sections require surveyors to hike in and/or out up to eight miles.

North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Survey, 1995.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:23:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - The North Fork of the Trinity River is a tributary of the upper Trinity River. It flows in a southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain for approximately 27 miles from its headwaters in the Trinity Alps to the confluence with the Trinity River near Helena. Two crews (two swimmers each) surveyed approximately 20.5 miles of this tributary by direct observation snorkeling in August and September 1995. The survey for adult summer-run steelhead (0ncorhynchus mykiss) and spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) began at the confluence of Grizzly Creek with the North Fork Trinity and proceeded in a downstream fashion to the confluence with the mainstem Trinity River. The survey was conducted by snorkeling all habitats thought to hold adult summer-run steelhead and spring-run Chinook salmon. Locations of fish observations and habitat types are recorded on the accompanying topographic map. The reach labels were designated previously and may not correspond to daily swimming reaches. In several previous surveys, larger tributaries of the North Fork Trinity have been surveyed. In 1995, 1. 6 miles of Rattlesnake Creek were surveyed. Eight miles of the East Fork of the North Fork Trinity was snorkeled in a separate survey August 30-31. Grizzly Creek and the North Fork above Grizzly were not covered in 1995.

North Fork Trinity River Summer Steelhead Counts 1991 [data table].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:22:57 -0800

Data - None

North Fork Trinity River Snorkel counts August 1997 [data table].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:22:46 -0800

Data - None

North Fork Trinity River Adult Summer Steelhead Survey, 1998.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:22:34 -0800

Data - On August 25, 1998 the North Fork Trinity River was surveyed for adult steelhead and spring Chinook by downstream snorkeling. Fifteen divers counted adult fish in 24 miles of stream.

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey, 1995.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:22:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - Canyon Creek is a tributary of the upper Trinity River and runs in a southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain. Three crews (two swimmers each) surveyed approximately 13.5 miles of Canyon Creek by direct observation snorkeling in August of 1995. These included personnel from the Forest Service, Fish and Wildlife Service and Hayfork Watershed Center. Two crews snorkeled two days while the third spent three days on the project including transporting the other teams and hiking into the wilderness. The downstream teams could average four to five stream miles per day while the upstream teams averaged closer to two to three miles per day. The survey for adult summer-run steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) began in the Sinks, located below Lower Canyon Creek Falls, and proceeded in a downstream fashion to the confluence with the mainstem Trinity River. Locations of fish observations are recorded on the accompanying topographic map. The reach labels were designated in 1990 and may not correspond to 1995 daily swimming reaches

Summary: 1996 Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Counts by Reach for NF Trinity River and Canyon Creek.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:21:47 -0800

Data - None

Field Note, Hunter Creek Humboldt County, 1987

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:21:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - Purpose of Survey: Salmon Carcass Survey Location: 1500 ft. upstream of t h e Simpson H5OO bridge, downstream to the H100 bridge. Approximately three miles Method of Survey: Visual Observation

Field Note, Hunter Creek, Del Norte Co., 1992

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:21:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - Purpose of Survey: Spawning Survey Location: Habitat typed reach from station 85+00 upstream to confluence of Kurwitz Creek Method of Survey: Visual Observation

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey, 1990.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:20:18 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey: Canyon Creek was surveyed from Canyon Creek Falls downstream to the mouth. The surveyed areas are located on the attached map. On August 21, mainstem discharge below Clear Gulch was 15.7 cfs. This value was determined by using a Marsh/McBirney flow meter.

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult survey 1991.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:20:04 -0800

Monitoring Report - Data was collected from 8/13/91 to 8/21/91. Weather cooperated 4 out of 5 collection days with sunny, clear days. The 20th of August was the exception having some clouds. Water visibility was excellent on all days, being from 10 to 40 ft. The survey started from the bottom of Canyon Creek Falls. Note: All adult fish were seen below Grasshopper Flat.

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey, 1992.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:19:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult Summer Steelhead Survey: Approximately 18 miles of this tributary of the upper Trinity River was surveyed by snorkeling. The survey was started at the lower Canyon Creek Falls approximately 18 miles above the confluence of Canyon Creek and the mainstem Trinity River. The survey was done in a downstream fashion to avoid chances of multiple counting of individual fish. Depth of pools was visually estimated.

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey, 1993.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:19:40 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult Summer Steelhead and Spring Chinook Salmon Survey: Canyon Creek is a tributary of the upper Trinity River and runs in a southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain. Three crews surveyed approximately 15 miles of Canyon Creek by direct observation snorkeling in August of 1993. The survey began at the Lower Canyon Creek Falls and proceeded in a downstream fashion to the confluence with the mainstem Trinity River. Due to time constraints, and various other catastrophes, an off district crew from Weaverville F&W and PSW graciously consented to complete one day of the survey. Areas where fish were observed in 1993 are located on the accompanying map. The reach labels were designated in 1990. Most of these correspond to actual daily swimming reaches.

Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Adult summer steelhead and spring Chinook salmon survey, 1994.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:19:26 -0800

Monitoring Report - Canyon Creek is a tributary of the upper Trinity River. The headwaters lie within the Trinity Alps Wilderness and it then flows in a generally southerly direction through steep mountainous terrain to the mainstem Trinity River at Junction City. Two crews surveyed approximately 15 miles of Canyon Creek by direct observation, snorkeling in August of 1994 targeting adult summer-run, steelhead Oncorhynchus mykiss) and spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). We began the survey at the Sinks, located below Lower Canyon Creek Falls, and proceeded downstream to the confluence with the mainstem Trinity River. The Sinks is a barrier above which anadromous fish cannot go.

Summary: Canyon Creek [tributary to Trinity] Snorkel counts August 1997.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:19:05 -0800

Data - None

Shasta River king salmon count, 1957.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:18:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - The installations of the new Shasta River fish counting rocks were completed during the summer of 1957. The counting station is located about 150 yards upstream from the mouth of the river. This site provide: an almost complete count of adult king saloon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), entering the Shasta River from the Klamath River. Since 1930, annual counts of king salmon have been made on the Shasta River (Table 1). During the period 1938 through 1955, the fish were counted at an old steelhead egg-collecting station approximately six and one-half miles upstream from the mouth. Obviously, the counts at this locality furnished only a partial count of the kings that entered the river. Field observations of spawning activities in recent years have indicated that the majority of the fish spawned below this location. The floods of December, 1955, seriously damaged this installation, and it was abandoned. No king salmon counts were made in 1956. Between 1930 and 1937, annual king salmon counts were made at a weir near the mouth of the river.

Summer Steelhead Counted in Redwood Creek, 1981-2000.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:17:23 -0800

Data - None

1998 Upper Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:17:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - Summer Steelhead: Total number of adult Summer Steelhead observed over 16 inches was 21 (see attached map for locations). Seven other fish were observed under 16 inches which are believed to be summer steelhead and not resident trout. These fish ranged from 13 to 15 and were counted as 1/2 pounders. 1/2 pounders: Total number of 1/2 pounders observed were 86. Juvenile steelhead densities appeared to be the same as 1997 numbers.

1996 Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Trout Survey [reaches 1and 2].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:16:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - This is the 16th consecutive summer steelhead trout survey of Redwood Creek. The first was in 1981. No adult summer steelhead were observed in this expanded snorkel survey and within the index reach, but one was observed in the Devils Creek confluence pool on August 13 (Figure I). This year's count in the index section was lower than last year, and appears to be the declining part of the third peak of a decreasing population trend over time (Table 1). The highest peak was in the mid 1980's, followed by a smaller peak in the early 1990s and even smaller peak in the mid 1990s.

1996 Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Survey [Reaches 3 and 4].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:16:39 -0800

Monitoring Report - Only fish over 16 inches fork length were counted as adults. A total of twenty-two (22) fish between 12 inches and 16 inches were observed. Juvenile Coho salmon far were less abundant than in 1993 to 1995 (three were observed at the mouth of Minor Creek and one in the Chezem impoundment). Dozens of juvenile Chinook were observed in the Chezem impoundment (in the riffle at the head) and a total of three were seen during the remainder of the dive. Juvenile steelhead densities were slightly higher than in 1993 to 1995 and were most abundant near bubble curtains, cool water sources (stratified areas, tributaries and seeps), and cover (fallen trees, large boulders

1995 Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Survey [reach 3].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:16:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - Location: Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, California Chezem Rd. bridge downstream to Bair Rd. bridge DISTANCE: 4 miles METHOD: Mask and snorkel (visual observation) TOTAL NUMBER OF ADULT (OVER 16 inches) SUMMER STEELHEAD OBSERVED: 8 Notes: Only fish over 16 inches fork length were counted as adults. Three fish between 12 inches and 16 inches were observed. Juvenile Coho salmon and steelhead trout were more abundant than in 1993 or 1994 (especially Coho which were sited three or four times more frequently). Juveniles were most abundant near bubble curtains, cool water sources (tributaries and seeps), and cover (fallen trees, large boulders). Suckers, rough skinned newts, garter snakes, and crayfish were observed. The only observed signs of fishing were near the Chezem Rd. impoundment.

1994 Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Survey [reach 3].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:16:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - LOCATION: Redwood Creek, Humboldt County, California Chezem Rd. bridge downstream to Stover Creek. DISTANCE: 12 miles METHOD: Mask and snorkel (visual observation) TOTAL NUMBER OF ADULT (OVER 16 inches) SUMMER STEELHEAD OBSERVED: 16 Notes & Future Recommendations included in report.

Redwood Creek, Humboldt County (Field Note), Summer Steelhead Survey, 1987 [Reach 3 and 4].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:14:34 -0800

Monitoring Report - LOCATION: T11N, R1E, Sec.32: Hwy. 299 downstream to Lacks Creek. DISTANCE: 12 miles. METHOD: Personal observations by snorkeling pools. TOTAL NUMBER OF ADULT (OVER 16 inches) SUMMER STEELHEAD OBSERVED: 16 Observations and Assessment included in report

Redwood Creek, Humboldt County (Field Note), Adult Spring Run inventory, 1983 [Reach 2 and 3].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:13:56 -0800

Monitoring Report - Redwood National Park is ending this summer's estuary management activities at the mouth of Redwood Creek near Orick, California. With the departure of most young fish to the ocean, estuary management is no longer necessary. During the spring and summer, the National Park controlled water levels in the estuary to maintain rearing habitat for juvenile salmonids while preventing flooding of adjacent private property. The special habitat created at the mouths of rivers and creeks is important in the life cycle of young king salmon and steelhead trout.

Redwood Creek, Humboldt County (Field Note), Adult Spring-run Steelhead inventory, 1982 [Reach 2].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 09:07:17 -0800

Monitoring Report - LOCATION: From Stover Creek to Emerald Creek. DISTANCE: 12 miles METHOD: Mask and Snorkel TOTAL NUMBER OF ADULT (OVER 16 inches) SUMMER STEELHEAD OBSERVED: 16 OBSERVATIONS: A total of 14 stream miles were walked. One SH/RT approximately 12-14 inches long and two adult steelhead were observed. All three fish were in good condition and light in color.

Singley Pool Creel Census, Eel River, Humboldt County, 1966.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:59:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - A creel census was conducted at Singley Pool in the Eel River Estuary of Humboldt County from October 1 to November 14, 1966. The objectives of the study were (1) to determine the total catch of king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and (2) to determine if the total catch from this popular fishing area was of sufficient magnitude to adversely affect the Eel River king salmon run. The results of the study showed that 2,572 king salmon and 731 steelhead (Salmo gairdnerii gairdnerii) and two silver salmon (0. kisutch) were caught during the census period. It is concluded that the total king salmon catch at Singley Pool is not great enough to adversely affect the king salmon resource of the Eel River. Singley Pool is one of the most popular salmon fishing areas in the Eel River Estuary (Figure 1). Each fall, large numbers of fishermen concentrate there to fish for king salmon. Because of this heavy use, Region 1 personnel conducted a creel census a t Singley Pool during the fall of 1966. The objectives of the census were to determine the total catch of salmon and also determine if the total catch was of sufficient magnitude to adversely affect the king salmon resource of the Eel River.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1996 [IFD 2000-1]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:58:15 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 44th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surreys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1996 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 367,695 fish, which was 13% higher than in 1995. The population consisted of 355,879 fall-, 9,082 spring-, 1,349 winter-, and 1,385 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. In the upper mainstem of that system, the winter run decreased 17% from the 1995 population, while the spring run increased by 19%. The fall-run consisted of 339,142 fish in the Sacramento River system and 16,737 fish in the San Joaquin River system. Although the total San Joaquin tributary population still only contributed a small portion (4.5%) of the total Central Valley escapement, it showed an increase of 71% over that of 1995.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1997 [IFD 2003-1]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:57:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 44th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were made from counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surreys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1997 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 418,295 fish, which was 14% higher than in 1996. The population consisted of 407.753 fall-, 5,084 spring-, 880 winter-, and 4578 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. In the upper mainstem of that system, the winter run decreased 18% from the 1996 population, while the spring run decreased by 67%. The fall-run consisted of 381,196 fish in the Sacramento River system and 26,557 fish in the San Joaquin River system. Although the total San Joaquin tributary population still only contributed a small portion (6.5%) of the total Central Valley escapement, it showed an increase of 59% over that of 1996.

The Status of Salmon Populations and Habitat in California Coastal Rivers [1976].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:57:35 -0800

Report - This report presents a discussion of salmon management in California coastal rivers. The primary source of information for this discussion is the 'California Fish and Wildlife Plan', (the 'Plan') published in 1965 by the California Department of Fish and Game. The 'Plan' contains (for the mid-1960's) a comprehensive assessment of California salmon populations, habitat, and management problems, along with a list of proposed solutions to the problems. Except for changes occurring since about 1965 the 'Plan' contains the basic information required by the Pacific Fisheries Management Council (PFMC). King salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and silver salmon (O. kisutch) are the only salmons which enter California rivers in significant numbers. California coastal rivers (all California rivers outside the drainages of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Valley) contain virtually all of the silver salmon habitat, and slightly less than half of the king salmon habitat in the state. In the early 1960's coastal river habitat amounted to approximately 3,700 stream miles of silver salmon habitat and 2,304 miles of king salmon habitat. The coastal rivers in 1965 supported estimated spawning populations of 256,200 king salmon and 99,400 silver salmon. California freshwater salmon habitat is confined to the northern half of the State. Significant runs of king salmon occur as far south as the Russian River, and of silver salmon, as far south as the San Lorenzo River (Figure 1).

Steelhead Survey Report for Antelope, Deer, Beegum and Mill Creeks, 2001.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:57:16 -0800

Monitoring Report - Sacramento River steelhead have declined substantially from historic numbers. Between 1953 and 1958, the annual run size in the Upper Sacramento River system was estimated to be 20,540 fish (Hallock et al, 1961). In the early 1990s, the annual run size for the entire Sacramento River system was estimated to be no greater than 10,000 fish (McEwan and Jackson, 1996). Efforts to manage and reverse the decline of steelhead have been hampered by a lack of information, particularly about the status and basic life history characteristics of individual stocks. In response to a need for more information, personnel from the California Department of Fish and Game's Red Bluff field office initiated surveys to count adult steelhead and steelhead redds in Antelope, Deer, Mill and Beegum creeks (all in Tehama County). The results of these surveys are presented in this report.

Redwood Creek, Humboldt County (Field Note), Adult Spring-run Steelhead inventory, 1981 [Reach 1, 2, and 3].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:57:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - LOCATION: 1/8 mile upstream from Beaver Creek in Redwood Valley to Orick DISTANCE: 12 miles. METHOD: Visual observation using mask and snorkel OBSERVATIONS: A total of 32 stream miles were walked in which 16 adult steelhead were observed. A few of the steelhead were dark in color and in poor condition and may have been holdovers from the winter run.

Canyon Creek Summer Snorkel Surveys [1990-2002].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:56:35 -0800

Data - None

New River Summer Steelhead Surveys [1999-2002]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:56:17 -0800

Data - None

Final - 2002 Summer Steelhead/ Spring Chinook Surveys - USFS, Happy Camp and Ukonom Ranger Districts.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:55:53 -0800

Data - None

2002 Spring Chinook/ Summer Steelhead Dive, Salmon River, California, July 24 & 25 2002.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:54:42 -0800

Data - None

Smith River Summer Snorkel Survey Results, 2000, 2001, 2002.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:54:25 -0800

Data - None

2002 Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Survey - Preliminary Data

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:54:09 -0800

Data - We start upstream of the park on mainstem Redwood Creek at Lacks Creek (UTM: 426688 E 4545743N) and proceed downstream The 'index reach' ends at Tom McDonald Creek (UTM415326E 4561985N).The 'index reach' was that what was the original 16.1 mile reach when the surveys began in the early 1980s. The surveys were later expanded downstream to the confluence of Hayes Creek (UTM: 413873E 4571278N). We presently go from Lacks to Hayes, a distance of 38.1 km (23.7 miles. Numbers of adult summer steelhead (> 16.5 inches), 'half-pounder' steelhead, and coastal cutthroat trout observed during the 2002 summer steelhead survey of mainstem Redwood Creek. Humboldt County, California. Survey conducted July 29 through August 7, 2002 by Redwood National and State Parks and covered 38.1 km (23.7 miles).

GrandTabAug07.xls

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:52:37 -0800

Data -

Upper Sacramento River Fall and Late-Fall run Adult Chinook Monitoring Program Information

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:52:25 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 2003 [IFD 2006-02]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:52:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 51st annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the late-fall-, winter-, spring-, and fall-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 2003 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 624,808 fish, which was 7% lower than in 2002. The population consisted of 590,735 fall, 17,564 spring, 8,291 late-fall, and 8,218 winter-run spawners. All of the late-fall, spring, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 602,425 fish in the Sacramento River system and 21,383 fish in the San Joaquin River system. In the American River of the Sacramento system, a record high fall run occurred. The fall run in the San Joaquin tributaries still only contributed a small portion (3%) to the total Central Valley escapement.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 2002 [IFD 2005-04]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:51:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 50th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the late-fall, winter, spring, and fall-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 2002 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 935,979 fish, which was 39% higher than in 2001. The population consisted of 872,433 fall, 38,673 late-fall, 17,409 spring, and 7,464 winter-run spawners. All of the late, fall, spring, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 836,008 fish in the Sacramento River system and 36,425 fish in the San Joaquin River system. In Battle Creek of the Sacramento system, a record high fall run occurred. The fall run in the San Joaquin tributaries still only contributed a small portion (4%) to the total Central Valley escapement.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 2001 [IFD 2005-3]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:51:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 49th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system, It is a compilation of sources estimating the late-fall, winter, spring, and fall-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 2001 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 672,583 fish, which was 33% higher than in 2000. The population consisted of 624,947 fall, 22,603 late-fall, 16,809 spring, and 8,224 winter-run spawners. All of the late-fall, spring, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 590,174 fish in the Sacramento River system and 34,773 fish in the San Joaquin River system. In the Feather and American rivers of the Sacramento system, record high fall runs occurred. The fall run in the San Joaquin tributaries still only contributed a small portion (5.2%) to the total Central Valley escapement.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 2000 [IFD 2005-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:51:17 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 48th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the late-fall, winter, spring, and fall-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 2000 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 507,149 fish, which was 14% higher than in 1999. The population consisted of 483,423 fall, 12,945 late-fall, 9,429 spring, and 1,352 winter-run spawners. All of the late-fall, spring, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 436,558 fish in the Sacramento River system and 46,865 fish in the San Joaquin River system. In the Feather and American rivers of the Sacramento system, record high fall runs occurred. The combined fall run in the San Joaquin tributaries of Stanislaus, Tuolumne, and Merced rivers was over double the 1999 populations, but still only contributed a small portion (8%) to the total Central Valley escapement.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1999 [IFD 2004-7]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:51:05 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 47th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the fall, winter, late-fall, and spring-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1999 total escapement of Chinook, salmon in the Central Valley was 443,678 fish, which was 36% higher than in 1998. The population consisted of 414,029 fall, 10,603 spring, 3,288 winter, and 15,758 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring, late-fall, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. In the upper mainstem of that system, the winter and fall runs were the highest in the past 15 and 40 years, respectively, while the fall run in Battle Creek was the highest ever recorded. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 391,350 fish in the Sacramento River system and 22,679 fish in the San Joaquin River system. The total San Joaquin tributary population still only contributed a small portion (19%) of the total Central Valley escapement, and showed a decrease of 4% from that of 1998.

Salmonid Live Counts by Reach, Blue Creek, Fall 1998

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:48:05 -0800

Data - None

1998 Blue Creek Summer Snorkel Surveys

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:47:33 -0800

Data - Enclosed is a summary of the summer snorkel surveys conducted in Blue Creek during late July and early August. These surveys represent the third year that all major anadromous reaches of the blue Creek drainage have been surveyed during the summer months in order to determine the presence of adult salmonids. Due to its abundant supply of cold water and frequent deep pool habitat in most reaches, Blue Creek has been suspected as being a potential spawning area for summer steelhead and possibly spring Chinook. Adult steelhead were observed in small numbers throughout the five mainstem reaches as well as larger numbers of half-pounders. For comparison purposes, a summary of 1996 and 1997 survey results are included in Table 1. Adult coastal cutthroat trout numbers were lower than those observed during 1996-1997 surveys, with their distribution limited to the lower three mainstem reaches. A similar summer distribution was observed in 1997, while in 1996 cutthroat were much more evenly distributed throughout the basin. Weekly fall snorkel surveys, scheduled to be initiated in mid-September, will allow an assessment of whether this distribution changes as the species were observed in Blue Creek during 1998. The Yurok Tribal Fisheries Program (YTFP) will continue to monitor the Blue Creek drainage in upcoming years to determine the extent of adult salmonid populations during the summer months.

1996 Mad River Summer Steelhead Snorkel Survey Summary, Mad River Campground to North Bank Road (69.3 miles)

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:47:15 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 1996 snorkel survey was successfully completed from the Mad River Campground (3.5 miles below Mathew's Dam) to Deer Creek by the United States Forest Service; Deer Creek to Mad River Hatchery by Simpson Timber Company; and Mad River Hatchery to North Bank Road by Natural Resources Management Corporation and Fish and Game personnel. The 1996 Mad River summer steelhead survey was conducted on August 26 and 27, for the most part. A two-mile section from Mad River hatchery to Blue Lake and one-mile section from Arcata Readimix's gravel plant to North Bank Road was surveyed on August 23 and 28, respectively because of time constraints. The snorkel survey was made to count adult (over 16 inches total length) and half-pounder (12 inches-16 inches total length) steelhead. Steelhead were also categorized as having an adipose fin clip (ad-clip), no fin clip (no-clip), or unknown (unk) if a clear view of the fish was not possible. A total of 515 adult and 26 half-pounders were observed. Approximately 10% of all adult fish observed were adipose fin-clipped. No marks were found on half-pounder steelhead. Approximately 71% of all marked fish were found below the hatchery, and most (>50%) were found below Highway 299. The 1996 population information is presented in Table 1 by stream reach, age class and fin mark.

Salmon River Spring Chinook and Summer Steelhead Dives [1980-2002]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:46:59 -0800

Data - Attached is the spreadsheet. The reaches on the left are the current designated reaches. I had sent Eric a map (prior to his retirement) of the reach break down so not sure who has it now. A few years ago we broke up the two middle mainstem reaches to Nordheimer to Grants and Grants to Wooley. It previously was Nord to Butler. Butler to Wooley We also had some years in which we did two surveys -our usual July count and again in August The numbers in the lower reaches of the mainstem in August usually jumped a few hundred - I count those as fall fish corning in the system. One or two years we were blown out in July by thunderstorms or flows were sti11 too high to do the float safely. Those years were done in August. If there is no date at the top, you can assume they were done in July.

North Fork Trinity River Summer Snorkel Surveys [1990-2002].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:46:31 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

2001 RNSP Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Trout Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:46:16 -0800

Monitoring Report - Year 2OOl was the 21st consecutive summer steelhead trout survey of Redwood Creek, the first was 1981. One adult summer steelhead (steelhead >16.5 inches), six 'half-pounder' steelhead (smaller immature sea-run steelhead returning after less than one year in the ocean), and 170 coastal cutthroat trout (0. clarkii) were observed in a mainstem survey reach from Lacks Creek to Hayes Creek. The one adult was observed immediately downstream of the index reach (Lacks Creek to Tom McDonald Creek). The number of adult steelhead within the index reach has declined over lime. The one adult summer steelhead was observed in a pool downstream of Tom McDonald Creek with cover and structure from rock ledges and a stump. Past data from Redwood Creek show the majority of summer steelhead are observed in pools, and pools associated with the inflow of cooler water from tributaries,

Summer Steelhead - Middle Fork Eel River [1966 through 2002 unpublished data table].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:42:41 -0800

Data - Attached is a quick and dirty table for the snorkel surveys on the MF Eel River (adult summer steelhead survey) If your request has something to do with Coho. I can tell you now that Coho have not been observed in the MF Eel for a very, very long time

2002 South Fork Trinity River Summer Steelhead/Spring Chinook snorkel survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:42:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - Snorkel surveys were conducted on the South Fork Trinity River and Hayfork Creek on August 20 and 21, 2002. A total of 17 sections were surveyed. Sections E and F were divided to ease logistical complications. Thank you to all who participated; Volunteers were recruited from a variety of federal, state and tribal agencies including, but not limited to the U.S. Forest Service, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Program, Yurok Tribal Fisheries Program, U.S. Bureau of Land Management, South Fork Land Conservancy, South Fork CRMP and Americorps. The majority of steelhead and salmon were observed holding in pools. The highest count of spring Chinook in one pool was 45 fish, observed in the Klondike Mine pool. Steelhead were dispersed sporadically throughout the South Fork, with no more than three fish observed in any one pool. Two spring Chinook carcasses were observed in the South Fork; one each in sections E and I, carcasses are included in adult Chinook totals. Water visibility was good to excellent in all sections, ranging from 10 to 40 feet. Adult steelhead numbers for the South Fork and Hayfork Creek were down substantially compared to last year and below the ten-year average of 43 adult fish. Spring-run Chinook numbers rose this year, approaching the ten-year average of 401 fish.

Table 1. Summary of Annual Summer Steelhead Holding Counts for Middle Klamath River Tributaries for Period of Record Through 1995. Compiled from agency administrative reports and field forms.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:41:32 -0800

Data - Definitions: Adults = generally represents steelhead > 18 inches FL when half-pounders were distinguished from adults. Half-pounders = steelhead between 14 and 18 inches exhibiting sea run characteristics Estimated Population = recognized anadromous holding habitat x observed adult density (adults per KM) Miles surveyed = mapped 1:24,000 stream length of reported survey reaches Kilometers surveyed = metric conversion of mapped stream mileage. Data source = reference code to original administrative report used in this survey. Reach surveyed = geographical description of reported survey reach. # Adults per kilometer = number adults observed per kilometer surveyed.

1984 spring run steelhead and king salmon inventory in Clear and Wooley Creeks

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:40:54 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Wooley Creek Summer Steelhead Survey - 1979

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:40:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - During the week of July 29 an inventory of summer steelhead and spring king was made. The count started at the confluence of North Fork Wooley Creek and Wooley Creek, and continued to the vicinity of Deerlick Creek. All pools and suspect holding areas were checked by diving when observation from the surface was impaired. Snorkel and faceplate was used. Helping on the survey were Dave Lopes, CCC; Jack West, USFS; and Eric Gerstung, DF&W. Dave Atwood of Ukonom Ranger District promised to help in the 1980 survey by providing pack stock. In the surveyed area 160 steelhead and 19 king salmon were counted. Usually they were observed congregating in pools, but occasionally a single would be seen in a fast water area. They were presumed to be traveling between pools.

Clear Creek [tributary to the Klamath River] Spring Steelhead Inventory, 1983.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:39:14 -0800

Monitoring Report - During the week of September 16, Clear Creek was surveyed for spring-run steelhead from slightly above Wilderness Falls to No Mana Creek, a distance of 11 miles. One steelhead was seen above the falls and 257 were seen below and the distance involved. (see report). Single fish were rarely seen. The largest concentration was in the deep pool immediately below the bridge near Ten Mile Creek. Here there were 65 steelhead. Another pool about one mile above Ten Mile Creek contained 44 steelhead, one of which had a lamprey attached. Pairs of steelhead were often seen in pools three to four feet deep but never large concentrations.

1980 Wooley Creek Summer Steelhead Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:38:58 -0800

Monitoring Report - During the week of August 10, 1980, subject survey was made in cooperation with the USFS and H.S.U. from + mile above Big Meadows Creek to the mouth, a total of 166 summer steelhead and 43 spring-run king salmon were counted (see attached map). Suckers were also noted. An angler caught steelhead had a crawfish in its stomach.

Anadromous Salmonid Resources of Mendocino Coastal and Inland Rivers 1989-1990, An Evaluation of Rehabilitation Efforts Based on Carcass Recovery and Spawning Activity.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:38:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - Eighty-two streams and tributaries (355 stream miles) in Mendocino County were surveyed by members of The Salmon Trollers Marketing Association for anadromous salmon on a weekly basis during the 1989-1990 spawning season (November to February). Data on carcass capture-recapture, live fish, redds, carcass species, sex, retention by habitat, carcass predation and geomorphic and environmental parameters contributing to salmonid spawning were measured. Three models were used to estimate the total salmon runs remaining on streams in Mendocino. When compared to a controlled release of spawners on the Noyo River, the area-under-the-curve models consistently underestimated the population. Jolly-Seber estimates analyzed by a nonparametric smoothing model gave the best results when compared to the control. Low numbers of carcass capture-recapture histories limited application of this model to three populations. No single model applied to all the streams surveyed. The standard area-under-the-curve model (AUC) estimated the total populations on 15 streams to equal 703 Coho and 520 Chinook. The nonparametric model (NPAUC) using carcass data estimated total populations on 6 streams to be 2033 Coho and 484 Chinook. Using a computer program (JOLLY), Jolly-Seber estimates based on recapture histories for individual fish estimated the total population on 3 streams as 870 Coho and 615 Chinook (NPAUC). Live counts were used to estimate a total population of 1071 Coho, 714 Chinook and 38 steelhead spawners on 19 streams. Run timing and spawning distribution for different anadromous salmonids were discussed for the survey streams. The relative contribution of different age-classes and sexes to the returning spawning runs was considered on the Noyo River Coho and the S.F. Eel River Chinook where scales were read. Carcass retention by deep pool habitat was more significant to recovery on our streams than woody debris, regardless of stream size and spawning species. However, no analysis of total available habitat was made. Carcass predation was discussed as a factor in carcass recovery and spawning success. Evaluations of enhancement efforts were made on streams where records were available. In 1989-1990, the numbers of returning spawners were low throughout Mendocino. The Noyo River was the only stream with Coho populations exceeding 500 spawners. This stream receives fry and smolts hatched from eggs taken at the Noyo station and reared off site by the CDF&G. Results suggest an evaluation of the contribution of these fish to natural spawning should be made. The low numbers of spawning salmon found in 1989-1990 were thought to be more a factor of declining natural populations due to continuous drought conditions in California than available spawning habitat or enhancement efforts.

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 1998 [IFD 2003-2]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:37:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 46th annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the fall-, winter-, late-fall-, and spring-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 1998 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 327,242 fish, which was 22% lower than in 1997. The population consisted of 250,350 fall-, 31,471 spring-, 3,002 winter-, and 42,419 late-fall-run spawners. All of the spring-, late-fall-, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. In the upper mainstem of that system, the winter run was two times higher, and the spring run was eight times higher, than their respective 1997 population. The fall run consisted of 303,652 fish in the Sacramento River system and 23,590 fish in the San Joaquin River system. The total San Joaquin tributary population still only contributed a small portion (9%) of the total Central Valley escapement, and showed a decrease of 12% from that of 1997.

Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey October-December 2001

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:37:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 2001 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. Ultimately, the spawner population information will be used to better determine flow and other habitat needs of Chinook salmon in the Sacramento River. A primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationships between salmon and habitat in the Sacramento River requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

GrandTab Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Populations: Sacramento-San Joaquin River System [Data Table]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:37:03 -0800

Data - None

Upper Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September-December 2000. [SEP 01-4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:36:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 2000 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b)(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine in stream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmon in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Spreadsheet printout: Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Spawner Populations, Central Valley River Systems. [Grandtab: updated 2/20/03]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:36:16 -0800

Data - None

Study 2d1- Steelhead Spawner Surveys in Trinity River Tributaries [2000].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:35:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys for winter-run steelhead were conducted on tributaries of the Trinity River from March 1 through June 30, 2000. We walked a total of 14 tributaries, three or more times each, for a single pass total of 101. 1 km. Only eleven adult steelhead were observed and 79 redds were marked and recorded. The highest density of steelhead redds occurred in Eltapom Creek at 8.72 redds per km, while the lowest density occurred in five different tributaries, where no redds were observed. Tributaries to be surveyed were randomly selected from a universe of all anadromous Trinity River tributaries upstream of the New River. Several selected tributaries duplicate the work of D.A. LaFaunce (1964), D. W. Rogers (1971, 1972), Ed Miller (1974) and the South Fork Steelhead Monitoring Project (1990-1995) and all applicable comparisons are made.

Monitoring Report

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:35:34 -0800

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Spawning surveys were conducted on the Noyo River from March to May 2000 to quantitatively estimate steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) populations. The spawning surveys were intended as the recapture portion of a mark-recapture study to estimate adult populations. Adult, carcass, and redd counts and redd areas were used to estimate adult population using the area-under-the-curve (AUC), and two redd-based methods. Information on spawning locations and distributions as well as scale and tissue samples was collected. Data were also collected on Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) and Coho (0. kisutch) salmon spawning. Spawning habitat quality from historic stream surveys was compared to habitat use during 2000. A total of 110.2 km of the Noyo River was surveyed during 2000. Steelhead redds were distributed throughout 75.8 km of the Noyo River A total of 150 steelhead 733 lamprey and sex Coho redds were observed. Uncertainty in redd identification was 16%. The average size of 141 steelhead redds was 2.82 m2 (S.E. = 0.21) and ranged from 0.61 to 10.40 m2. Steelhead redd density averaged 1. 68/km and ranged from zero to 4.69. A total of 35 live steelhead and one carcass were observed. Live steelhead density averaged 0.24/km (S.E. = 0 21). Area-under-the-curve population estimates were only possible for five streams due to low numbers of adults observed and the late start of surveys this season. Redd based steelhead population estimates ranged from 361 (K57) to 155 (K24.8). A total of 60 adult steelhead were observed in the Noyo River between 14 January and 29 April 2000. Steelhead average fork length was 57.4 cm (n=47, S.E.= 0.18) and ranged from 35 to 75 cm. Steelhead female to male ratio was 0.71:1. 00 (n=27) The majority (52%) of steelhead redds observed in the Noyo River during 2000 were found in March. Seven streams showed an apparent decline in habitat quality, three increased and the rest were either the same or only surveyed once previously. Live steelhead densities in the Noyo River during 2000 were lower than reported for other local streams in past years. Steelhead redd densities and life stage timing in the Noyo River during 2000 was similar to nearby streams surveyed in previous years. The difference in habitat quality between 1957, 1959, 1967 surveys and ratings based on steelhead spawning density during 2000 result from different survey methods because earlier surveys salmonid spawning habitat included both Coho and steelhead and due to real changes in the streams over time. More information on steelhead mating systems may improve the AUC population estimation method.

Scott River Watershed Adult Coho Salmon Spawning Survey, December 2001-January 2002.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:35:18 -0800

Monitoring Report - Coho Spawner History: Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) migrate, spawn, and rear in the Scott River watershed, a sub-basin of the Klamath River System, (CDFG, 1974) but information on the run is quite limited (Leidy & Leidy, 1984). The habitat distribution of Coho salmon in the Scott River stream system was referenced in the 1970s by the California Department of Fish and Game through stream lists (CDFG, 1972) and several maps, one of spawning areas (CDFG, 1974) and one of relative value of habitat (USSCS, 1972). More recently, the Klamath National Forest has compiled and updated a 'map of anadromy' from various sources and surveys for the Scott River watershed (USFS. 2000) Brown et al. (1994) state that the Scott River probably holds the largest number of native Coho fish of the Klamath River basin's larger tributary systems. Spawning data are incomplete. Adult Coho salmon in the mainstem of the Scott River were seen during the end of the annual CDFG/USFS spawning surveys for the fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), but were not noted in the annual reports (Mark Pisano, CDFG, pers. comm.). Spawning Coho adults (20+ redds) were observed in the Kelsey Creek spawning channel in 1987 (Jim Kilgore, USFS, pers. comm.). Apparently, no previous surveys have targeted the Coho spawning population in the Scott River.

2000 - 2001 Annual Report, Noyo River Adult Steelhead Escapement Estimates, Project 1a4.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:35:02 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Steelhead Research and Monitoring Program has attempted to develop an annual tagging and recapture program in the Noyo River to determine adult steelhead. A Bertoni (Alaskan) weir design was installed approximately 8.9 km upstream from the confluence of the Noyo River with the Pacific Ocean near Madsen Hole, the City of Fort Bragg's water appropriation site. All salmonids trapped were tagged with a serially numbered brightly bi-colored Floy tag (Floy FD-68B). Tagged steelhead were recovered at the weir itself, at the Noyo Egg Collecting Station, in juvenile fyke traps installed in headwater tributaries and visually identified on live fish during spawning surveys conducted throughout the basin. A total of 38 adult steelhead were marked, 18 at the weir, 15 at the Egg Cell Set (ECS), and 5 in juvenile fyke traps, and released into the Noyo River between 14 December and 17 April 2001. Male adult steelhead comprised 56.7% of the catch and ranged in size from 37 to 89 cm FL, with a mean of 63.8 cm FL. Female adult steelhead comprised 43.2% of the catch and ranged in size from 32 to 82 cm FL, with a mean of 69.0 cm FL. A total of 66 unmarked steelhead were observed in spawning surveys between 12 December and 2 April, these fish and two additional unmarked steelhead caught in the fyke traps brought the total number of captured or observed adult steelhead to 111 fish. A total of 8 marked steelhead, five in traps and three observed in spawning surveys, were recovered throughout the Noyo River and its tributaries during winter 2000-01. Based on the adjusted Peterson method of estimation, 334 steelhead (95% C.I. [163-757]) entered the Noyo River in 2000-01. Based on the Schnabel and Schumacher methods of estimation 322 (95% C.I. [163-757]) and 287 (95% C.I. [23-a]) entered the Noyo River in 2000-01. Job Objectives: 1. Capture, mark and release adult steelhead in the lower Noyo River using a Bertoni (Alaskan) weir without inducing significant mortality (<1-5%). 2. Develop and estimate of adult steelhead escapement into the Noyo River, or an index of adult steelhead escapement. 3. Determine adult size, composition, and temporal distribution of adult steelhead entering the Noyo River 4. Collect genetic tissue samples and scale samples from adult steelhead entering the Noyo River.

2000-2001 Annual Report Trinity River Tributaries Winter-Run Steelhead Spawning Survey Report, Project 1d1.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:34:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys for winter-run steelhead were conducted on tributaries of the Trinity River from March 1 through May 31, 2001. We walked a total of 14 tributaries, three or more times each, for a single pass total of 95.5 km. Only 29 adult steelhead were observed, and 37 redds were marked and recorded. The highest density of steelhead redds occurred in Eltapom Creek at 2.4 redds per km. while the lowest density occurred in four different tributaries where no redds were observed. Tributaries to be surveyed were randomly selected from a universe of all anadromous Trinity River tributaries upstream of the New River. Coincidentally, several selected tributaries duplicate the work of D.A. LaFaunce (1964), D.W. Rogers (1971, 1972), Ed Miller (1974), and the South Fork Steelhead Monitoring Project (1990-1995), and all applicable comparisons are made. The current state of knowledge regarding steelhead spawning habitat is limited. Most prior spawner surveys within the KMP ESU concentrated on salmon and were therefore terminated prior to steelhead spawning. Prior surveys have been conducted on mainstem Trinity tributaries in 1964, 1971, 1972, and 1974 to monitor the effect of Lewiston Dam on steelhead populations. Most recently, steelhead spawning surveys were conducted in South Fork Trinity River tributaries in 1989 - 1995 under the Department's Trinity River Project. Basin-wide estimates of steelhead abundance provide little information on steelhead spawning. Information regarding spawning habitat will help to assess this critical component of steelhead life history.

Annual Report, South Fork Trinity River Summer Steelhead Snorkel Survey, 2000 - 2001, Project 1c1.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:34:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - Snorkel surveys were conducted on the South Fork Trinity River and Hayfork Creek on August 21, 22, and 23, 2001. The survey of South Fork Trinity River yielded 51 steelhead, 26 + lb. steelhead, 131 spring-run Chinook salmon and 22 jacks. The survey of Hayfork Creek yielded 25 adult steelhead, 13 + lb. steelhead, 13 adult spring-Chinook and 0 jacks. A total of 16 sections were surveyed. Sections K and N were surveyed on August 23 due to logistical complications. Section X in Hayfork Creek was surveyed from its original start point at Little Creek. The South Fork of the Trinity River (SFTR) is the largest of the Trinity River and supports natural and possibly endemic populations of spring-run Chinook salmon and summer steelhead. The status of these stocks is of concern because their numbers have declined dramatically from historical levels. Escapement estimates for spring Chinook salmon have decreased from 11,604 fish in 1964 to 166 fish in 2001; estimates for steelhead show a similar trend. Snorkel surveys have been conducted on the South Fork Trinity River to estimate spring-run Chinook and summer steelhead since the early sixties (pers. comm. Terry Healey, 1999). Most recently, snorkel surveys have been organized by the Department's Trinity River Project. Due to federal funding problems through the Bureau of Reclamation and lack of staffing, last year's snorkel survey (2000) was organized by the Department's Steelhead Research and Monitoring Program. Snorkel survey crews are recruited from multiple agencies to minimize time needed to complete surveys. Traditionally, the complete survey of sixteen sections is completed in two or three days. Last year's participants included fisheries biologists and technicians from U.S. Forest Service, Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Program, CA Department of Fish and Game, Natural Resources Conservation Service, and the South Fork CRMP and the South Fork Land Conservancy.

2000-2001 Annual Report Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and Steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) Spawning Surveys in the Noyo River, California. Project 1d2

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:34:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys were conducted in the Noyo River between December 2000 and April 2001 to quantitatively estimate steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Coho salmon (O. kisutch) populations. Adult carcass, redd counts, and redd areas were used to estimate adult populations using the area-under-the curve (AUC) and two redd-based methods. Physical characteristics of Coho salmon and steelhead redds were measured in detail and data analyzed using principle components analysis (PCA) to develop a linear discriminant function that identified redds to species. Information on spawning locations and distributions were collected. Data were examined using stratified index sampling to estimate total populations from AUC and redd based methods. A total of 120 km of the Noyo River was surveyed approximately bi-weekly from December 2000 through April 2001. Steelhead redds were distributed throughout 92.5 km of the Noyo River. A total of 296 steelhead, 113 lamprey, and 377 Coho redds were observed. Field uncertainty in redd identification was 23.4%. The PCA discriminant function reduced uncertainty in redd identification to 2.8% and was used to differentiate between Coho salmon, steelhead, unknown, and test redds when fish were not observed. Steelhead and Coho salmon redds were significantly different. Steelhead spawned significantly later and further upstream than Coho salmon. The average size of 194 steelhead redds was 1. 61 m2 (S.E.=0.07) and ranged from 0.17 to 23.84 m2. Steelhead redd density was 2.43/km (S.E.=0.49) and ranged from zero to 9.16/km. Coho redd density was 5.22/km (S.E.=2.93) and ranged from zero to 74/km. Area-under-the-curve population estimates were similar to redd based estimates for Coho salmon and steelhead. Redd based steelhead population estimates ranged from 258 (+ 7) to 583 (+ 16) and the AUC estimate was 222 (95% C.I.127-416). The redd based Coho salmon population estimate was 555 (+ 16) and AUC estimate was 592. Steelhead average fork length was 65.8 cm, S.E. = 1. 32 and ranged from 32 to 90 cm. Coho salmon fork length averaged 62.2 cm (S.E.=1. 58) and ranged from 30 to 95 cm. Steelhead female to male ratio was 0.97:1. 00 (n=27). Coho salmon female to male ratio was 0.65:1. 00 (n=58). There was a large overlap in the timing of Coho and steelhead spawning. Stratified index sampling population estimates were not significantly different from AUC and redd area methods and may decrease field effort in the future. The PCA discriminant function developed from Coho and steelhead redd information is robust for differentiating between these two species based on physical characteristics of the nests and may be useful in other rivers where these species occur.

Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey, May-August 2001

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:32:34 -0800

Monitoring Report - The objectives of the 2001 winter-run Chinook salmon spawner escapement survey were: To estimate the in-river, winter-run Chinook salmon spawner population in the upper Sacramento River within the established habitat study reach (RM 271-RM302) based on a carcass mark-recapture survey. To examine mark-recapture techniques (i.e. Peterson, Jolly-Seber, and Schaefer population models) when used to estimate winter-run escapement in the upper Sacramento River, and evaluate and develop escapement estimating protocols. To obtain baseline information on spawning distribution (spatial and temporal), environmental conditions at the time of spawning, and the spawner population (length frequency, age, sex composition, and spawning success) to eventually identify winter-run spawning habitat requirements in the upper Sacramento River

Anadromous Salmonid Resources of Mendocino Coastal and Inland River 1990-91 through 1991-92, An evaluation of Rehabilitation Efforts Based on Carcass Recovery and Spawning Activity, Draft Final Report.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:32:17 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys were conducted for three years in Mendocino County streams. The results from the last two years of surveys are reported here. Surveys were conducted in seven watersheds in 1991-1992 and in ten watersheds in 1990-1991. These surveys were conducted as a means of evaluating the effectiveness of restoration efforts to restore salmon populations. The populations of Chinook and Coho salmon were estimated by several methods including marking and recapture of carcasses, live fish count expansions, and from redd counts. A new model was developed to estimate spawning numbers which incorporated estimates of the average daily retention rate of carcasses. The reliability of estimates is assessed in two streams where known numbers of fish were released. In both areas, carcass and live-based estimates were well below the actual number of fish released; 8-15 percent for carcass-based estimates and 21-42 percent for live-based estimates. Redd counts were used to produce a range in spawning estimates which are believed to encompass the actual populations. It was estimated that Coho salmon could be expected to produce between 1 and 4 redds per female and Chinook salmon between 1 to 1. 8 redds per female. The lower end of the population estimates below are developed from carcass estimates unless the minimum redd-based estimate was higher. The upper range is developed from redd counts with an exception where counts were made at counting stations contributed partial counts. The largest population of Coho salmon was found in the South Fork Noyo where the run is enhanced through artificial production. This run is estimated to have been between 414 and 1006 in 1991-1992 and between 225 and 399 in 1990-91. The remainder of Coho runs surveyed was supported by natural production only. The Hollowtree Creek Coho run was about 120 fish in 1991-92 and between 44 and 76 in 1990-91. Caspar Creek had between 55 and 196 in 1991-1992 and between 8 and 28 in 1990-1991. Little River had between 14 and 32 in 1991-1992 and only a single pair in 1990-1991. The Pudding Creek Coho run was between 28 and 102 in 1991-1992 and in 1990-1991 between 11 and 74. The Ten Mile Coho run was between 14 and 42 and its Chinook run between 51 and 154 in 1991-1992. The Chinook run in Hollowtree Creek was between 290 and 420 in 1991-1992 and between 24 and 53 in 1990-1991. The 1991-1992 Chinook run was composed of 5, 5, 51, 35, and 3 percent age 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 year old fish, respectively. Returns from hatchery released Chinook composed 10 percent of the age four Hollowtree fish. Restoration activities were related to salmon production in several ways. Of five streams into which Coho were reintroduced by CA Department of Fish and Game planting of yearling Coho, only one had spawning activity believed to be returning Coho adults from plants although low flow conditions may have prevented Coho from entering planted streams. Introductions of Chinook salmon into the Ten Mile River have resul

Steelhead Spawning Surveys, Wheatfield Fork and Other Selected Reaches, Gualala River, California, 2002.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:32:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - Because of a dearth of current information on population status of steelhead in the Gualala River, steelhead spawning surveys (counts of adults and redds) initiated in 2001 were continued in 2002 focusing on an 18.3-mile reach of the Wheatfield Fork from House Creek downstream to the South Fork. This navigable reach, which is proposed as a population indexing reach, was surveyed a total of eight times (146.4 miles total) from small river-dory style boats during February 2-April 19, 2002. Totals of 377 live adult steelhead and 145 steelhead redds were recorded, suggesting a total spawning escapement for this portion of the watershed of at least several hundred fish. A substantial, but unknown amount of spawning likely also occurred upstream of the index reach, due to high-flow conditions which prevailed early in the spawning season. Spawning was well-distributed both temporally and spatially within the index reach. Tracking of 74 of the index-reach redds over multiple surveys showed that discernability was often as short as 1 week and that even in the absence of high stream flows, most redds became non-discernable within 3-4 weeks. The relatively low discernability periods are likely due to the high degree of course bedload mobilization which occurs along the index reach, a relatively large, fourth-order mainstem section of the river. Discernability results indicated that to avoid missing significant numbers of redds, redd surveys of the index reach should be conducted in two-person teams composed of well-trained and experienced observers. Preliminary findings also suggested that confusion and misidentification of steelhead and lamprey redds may be an important confounding factor in surveys along the index reach. However, if index-reach survey results are appropriately evaluated in light of precipitation and river hydrograph, they may provide a useful means of monitoring gross changes and trends in the steelhead population of the survey-area, if not the watershed. Miscellaneous, one-time surveys of several other Gualala River reaches are also reported. All of the index-reach surveys and miscellaneous surveys are detailed in individual survey reports which are appended.

Summer Steelhead Snorkel Surveys [North Fork Trinity River and Canyon Creek].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:31:43 -0800

Monitoring Report - Since 1978 summer steelhead have been counted on the North Fork Trinity River and Canyon Creek. These surveys were conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game from 1978 through 1989. In 1990 the Forest Service took the lead on these surveys and has conducted them in late August with the help and cooperation of local resource agencies and volunteers. Survey Method: The North Fork is divided into six sections (reaches) each between 2.4 and 5.2 miles long while Canyon Creek is divided into six sections between 1. 6 and 3.6 miles long. Two or three divers start at the top of each section and swim downstream counting adult fish as they go. Deeper pools require surveyors to dive to the bottom of pools to search for fish hiding under bedrock ledges, boulders, and logs. Some sections require surveyors to hike in and/or out up to eight miles.

Assessment of Anadromous Fish Stocks in Blue Creek, Lower Klamath River, California, 1994-1996 [No. 4]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:31:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Yurok Tribal Fisheries Program (YTFP) continued long-term monitoring of anadromous salmonid populations in Blue Creek, a fourth order lower Klamath River tributary, during fiscal years 1995-1996. This project monitored juvenile outmigrants with a rotary screw trap and assessed adult escapement and spawning activity during the fall months via direct observation. The resulting information provided a means of assessing the population trends of Blue Creek salmonids as well as enhancing knowledge of the life history of these unique fish populations. Peak weekly counts of adult Chinook in lower Blue Creek increased annually during the project period, totaling 57 adults in 1994, 275 fish in 1995, and 801 adults in 1996. No adult Coho salmon were observed during fall 1994 surveys, while YTFP documented weekly peak counts of four adult Coho in 1995 and 33 adult Coho on consecutive weeks in 1996. The peak immigration and spawning period of Blue Creek Coho likely occurred after high flows necessitated the cessation of surveys during each year. Small numbers of adult steelhead were observed each year during fall surveys, with larger numbers of steelhead half-pounders and adult cutthroat trout routinely documented throughout the survey periods. YTFP documented 117 Chinook redds and one Coho redd during 1995, and 89 Chinook redds and two Coho redds were observed in 1996. A total of 24 Chinook carcasses were located during 1995 surveys, as well as one Coho and one steelhead half-pounder carcass and three carcass remnants from an indeterminable species of adult salmonid. During 1996 surveys, 31 Chinook and one Coho carcass were located. An estimated 3,937 (+/- 551) Chinook fingerlings emigrated past the lower Blue Creek trapping site during 88 days of outmigrant sampling in 1995. An overall assessment of juvenile Chinook emigration in 1995 is not possible as an indeterminable number of Chinook fry and fingerlings emigrated prior to the deployment of outmigrant traps in mid- May. During 1996, an estimated 106,377 (+/- 23,863) Chinook juveniles emigrated past the trap site between mid-March and the end of September. In addition, a total of 6,379 young-of-the-year (YOY) and 55 age 1+ and older steelhead were captured during 1995, while 1996 trapping efforts resulted in the capture of 1,398 YOY and 559 age 1+ and older steelhead. Juvenile Coho capture numbers were low during both years, with only one YOY Coho sampled in 1995 while in 1996 70 YOY and 3 yearling Coho were sampled. No cutthroat trout emigrants were captured in 1995 and only seven cutthroat were captured during the 1996 trapping season. Due to low capture numbers of yearling and older steelhead, Coho, and cutthroat trout, no emigration estimates were possible for these species. The information generated during this project has resulted in the formulation of restoration and management recommendations for specific portions of Blue Creek. These recommendations will aid in protecting and enhancing the u

2003 Summer STHD [Steelhead]/ Spring Chinook Surveys - USFS, Happy Camp, Ukonom, and Orleans Ranger Districts [print-out of spreadsheet forwarded by Jon Grunbaum, Zone Fisheries Biologist].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:31:00 -0800

Data - None

2003 Spring Chinook/Summer Steelhead Dive Salmon River, California, July 23 & 24, 2003. [Data table submitted by Brenda Olson].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:30:45 -0800

Data - None

2002 RNSP Redwood Creek Summer Steelhead Trout Survey.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:30:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - Year 2002 was the 22nd consecutive summer steelhead trout survey of Redwood Creek, the first was 1981. Three adult summer steelhead (steelhead > 16.5 inches), two 'half-pounder' steelhead (smaller immature sea-run steelhead returning after less than one year in the ocean}, and 95 coastal cutthroat trout (0. clarkii) (cutthroat > 10 inches) were observed in a main stem survey reach from Lacks Creek to Hayes Creek (Figure 2 and Table 1). The three summer steelhead were within the index reach. The number of adult steelhead within the index reach has declined over time (Figure I and Appendix I). Steelhead within the Northern California coastal steelhead ESU (evolutionary significant unit), which includes Redwood Creek, were federally listed by the National Marine Fisheries Service as threatened in June 2000

Chinook Salmon Spawning Study Russian River, Fall 2002.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:29:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - Summer flows in the upper Russian River are heavily influenced by releases from Lake Mendocino. Lake Mendocino impounds natural run-off from the East Fork of the Russian River and Eel River water diverted through the Potter Valley Project. An unusual rainfall pattern occurred during winter 2002 in which the Russian River watershed received normal rainfall (resulting in normal water releases from Lake Mendocino) while rainfall in the Eel River basin was below normal (resulting in restricted water diversions into Lake Mendocino). In addition, while Russian River rainfall total was 'normal' for the year, the precipitation in the spring was below normal. Dry spring conditions lead to an early onset of irrigation demands. As a result of the diminished inflows and prolonged releases, the water levels in Lake Mendocino decreased dramatically. In contrast to the bleak conditions at Lake Mendocino, the fa11 of 2002 was an excellent year for Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) returns throughout northern California. The Sonoma County Water Agency (Agency) had observed record numbers of Chinook salmon returning to the Russian River. By October 14, 2002 Lake Mendocino had declined to a historically low level of 30,000 acre-feet (af), less than half its storage capacity. When lake levels fall below 30,000 af, the Agency has the discretion to significantly reduce flows in the river to prevent dewatering Lake Mendocino. However, by the time Lake Mendocino had reached the 30,000 af milestone, there where already over 1,000 Chinook salmon migrating up the Russian River. The Agency was concerned that significantly reducing the flows could negatively effect Chinook salmon in the Russian River. Changes in flows can reduce water depths and thereby obstruct salmon migration, dewater spawning grounds, and cause mortality from poor water quality or indirectly from disease. The Agency's concerns where heightened by mass fish mortalities that occurred in the Klamath River in fall 2002 (CDFG 2003). The Agency developed a plan to avoid dewatering Lake Mendocino while maintaining sufficient water flows for Chinook salmon. The plan included incremental reductions in flow releases from Lake Mendocino coupled with intensive monitoring of water quality and Chinook. Flow reductions would be curtailed if Chinook salmon appeared affected by the change in conditions. The Chinook Salmon Spawning Study, Russian River, fall 2002 documented the largest run of Russian River Chinook salmon in recent history and the effects of reduced flows during the migration and spawning period of the salmon.

Summer Steelhead Surveys North Fork Trinity River Trinity County, California 1978-1997

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:29:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - Summer Steelhead surveys have been conducted on the North Fork Trinity River each year from 1978 to 1997 (except 1986) during the late summer period Adult Steelhead were observed and counted by divers with mask and snorkel. From 1990 to 1997 steelhead distribution was mapped by reach and notes were taken by divers on habitat preference. Most years 100% of the river available to anadromous fish was surveyed, however in 1978, and 1987 total run size was extrapolated from partial counts. Results showed that adult steelhead were present and counts ranged from a low of 57 in 1985 to a high of 1037 in 1991. The 19 year mean (excluding 1986) was 421 adult steelhead Five year mean counts (or estimates) were used to detect trends in run size. These five year means show 278 steelhead in 1978-82 decreasing to 174 steelhead in 1983-87 increasing to 586 steelhead in 1988-92 and to 617 steelhead in 1992-97. Steelhead distribution data shows that most reaches have held approximately the same proportion of the run each year with the exception of the uppermost reach (reach 1) which held proportionately fewer fish in 1992 and 1994. Extremely low flows were noted by surveyors in 1992 and 1994. Reach 3 shows a strong decreasing trend over the last four years, possibly the result of a reduction in pool depth due to :filling with fine sediment

Data Report 1999 - 2001: Russian River Basin Steelhead and Coho Salmon Monitoring Program Pilot study.

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:28:57 -0800

Monitoring Report - This data report summarizes fish and habitat data collected for the Russian River Basin Steelhead and Coho Salmon Monitoring Program (Pilot Study) in 1999-2001. The monitoring program is designed to detect trends in salmonid populations and identify possible fisheries management and enhancement opportunities. The program began in fall 1999 with a pilot study to collect detailed information on the distribution, habitat use, and abundance of juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Coho salmon (O. mykiss) in streams of the Russian River basin. Electrofishing and snorkel surveys were used to sample fish in 5 tributaries of the Russian River.

2003 Summer Snorkel Survey Results for Trinity River Tributaries [data tables].

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:27:25 -0800

Data - None

2004 Summer STHD / Spring Chinook Surveys - USFS, Happy Camp, Ukonom, and Orleans Ranger Districts

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:26:27 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

1981 Summary of Summer Steelhead / Spring Chinook Surveys in Clear, Dillon and Salmon Creek drainages, Klamath Basin [inc. tables and maps]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:26:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - Clear Creek: Surveying was done by C.D.F.&G. and U.S.F.S. August 17 through 20, starting from the trail crossing above Bear Pen Creek down to Four Mile Creek, a distance of eight miles. As in the past few years, a gravel barrier near the trail crossing prevented upstream migration to the permanent barrier at Wilderness Falls. King salmon were noted above the former No Mans Creek salmon barrier site. The barrier was removed in 1980. Dillon Creek: From August 24 through August 26, with U.S.F.S. help, Dillon Creek and its tributary, Copper Creek, was surveyed from the Siskon Mine to the mouth of Dillon Creek. On September 16, North Fork Dillon Creek was surveyed.

Happy Camp Summer Steelhead Reaches 2001 [Includes middle Klamath tributary results]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:25:15 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Section 4: Shasta River fall steelhead counts

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:24:04 -0800

Monitoring Report - A Steelhead Migration in Shasta River, (J.O. Snyder 1933) reported a combined count of 8513 fall steelhead adults and half- pounders observed from 9/19/1932 through 12/10/1932.

2001 Fall Chinook Spawning Survey Data by Established Stream Reach - Klamath NF, Happy Camp and Ukonom Ranger Districts

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:23:46 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

1985 Spring Run Steelhead and Salmon Inventory in Wooley Creek

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:22:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - Wooley Creek was surveyed in the same way as in previous years, from the upstream limits of migration in the N.W. + Sec. 11, T.42N., R.12W, MDBM to Deerlick Creek. This year's count of 290 steelhead was the highest since 1977 and the second highest since inventories have been made.

2004 Spring Chinook/Summer Steelhead Dive, Salmon River, California August 17-19, 2004 [includes 2000-2003]

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:19:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

2005 Summer STHD/Spring Chinook Surveys - USFS, Happy Camp, Ukonom, and Orleans Ranger Districts

Tue, 16 Dec 2025 08:19:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Upper Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September-December 1999

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:46:37 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 1999 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b)(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmon in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Upper Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September-December 1998

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:45:56 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 1998 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b)(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmon in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Upper Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September-December 1997

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:45:43 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 1997 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmon in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

1996 Upper Sacramento River Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September-December 1996

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:45:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during fall 1996 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmon in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Upper Sacramento River Late-Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey January-April 2001

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:45:16 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during winter-spring period of 2001 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to develop information necessary to fulfill mandates of Section 3406(b)(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with the DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmonids in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationships between anadromous salmonids and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction to be identified. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provides additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Spawner Escapement Survey Mainstem Sacramento River October-December 1995

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:45:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Flow and Habitat Evaluation Program (SF&HEP) conducted an intensive fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey on the mainstem Sacramento River during fall-winter of 1995 to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to accommodate the mandates of Section 3406(b(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575,that requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement to determine flow needs of anadromous salmonids in the mainstem Sacramento River. The primary mission of SF&HEP- to improve understanding of the relationship between salmon and habitat in the mainstem Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provided additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

A spawning and Habitat Evaluation for Portions of the Ten Mile River, Caspar Creek and Garcia River, 1995-96.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:44:42 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys were conducted in portions of three streams located in Mendocino County. These three coastal streams are the Ten Mile River, Caspar Creek, and Garcia River. Spawning population estimates were derived with four separate estimation procedures using carcass mark-recapture techniques, area-under-the-curve live fish counts and two redd based methodologies. Indices of steelhead abundance are also developed for these areas. Coho spawning populations were estimated to be between 105 and 351 in the portions of the Ten Mile River surveyed but the most likely ranges were estimated to be between 190 and 250. The Chinook run was estimated to be less than ten fish. In Caspar Creek, Coho population estimates ranged from a low of 71 to a high of 323 fish. The most likely range was believed to be between 127 and 170. A comparison to past spawning surveys indicate that the 1995-96 Coho run in both Ten Mile and Caspar were the highest in recent years surveyed. No evidence of Coho or Chinook salmon spawning was found in the four tributaries of the Garcia River surveyed. The steelhead run in the Ten Mile was similar to other years based on late season redd densities and live steelhead observations. In Caspar Creek, steelhead run was typical for recent years but considerably less than in the 1990-91 spawning season. Ten Mile river Coho carcasses were examined for returns of marked 1992 brood Coho salmon. None were observed. The effects of an ongoing adult trapping program were evaluated. The 32 trapped adult Coho taken for egg collection and rearing were not felt to significantly effect natural production. The results of the spawning survey were used to make recommendations regarding the best location to release trapped Coho progeny. Some habitat problems were observed and treatments recommended. These were primarily related to fish barriers, bank erosion and need for additional habitat complexity in several areas of the basin. Recent habitat restoration work in Garcia River tributaries was evaluated with regard to withstand high winter flows, degree utilized as cover by spawning fish. Restoration work remained well intact over winter. Spawning fish were not observed utilizing habitat structures for cover but limited sighting of spawning fish in area and limited surveys that were conducted reduced the observation opportunities.

Spawning Survey of the Garcia River 1998-99.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:44:31 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spawning surveys were conducted in the Garcia River watershed during the winter of 1998-1999. Eighteen miles within, the upper Garcia River and 12 of its tributaries were surveyed between early December and the end of March. There were 58 individual surveys, totaling 83 survey miles. No live Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) or Coho salmon carcasses were observed. A total of 165 redds were counted for an average of 2 redds per mile of stream. There were also 81 live fish observed, presumably all steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss), for an average of 1 live steelhead for each survey mile. A total of seven steelhead carcasses were tagged. The highest densities of live steelhead were located in Pardaloe Creek, followed by Horace's Cabin Creek. The highest densities of redds was in Horace's Cabin Creek, followed by Flemming Creek. Compared to the two past spawning surveys conducted in 1995-96 and 1996-97, this year's steelhead run appeared to be somewhat lower in both Pardaloe and Mill Creek. The South Fork steelhead counts were similar to those observed in surveys conducted in 1989-1990 and 1996-97 but were considerably better than observed in 1990-1991.ö

Chinook Salmon Spawner Populations for the Upper Sacramento River System, 2001.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:44:18 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry. Population estimates for the Sacramento River system (Figure 1) are determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews and counts at the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). An estimated 267,563 adult salmon were in the Sacramento River System upstream of Princeton Ferry in 2001. This includes an estimate of 25,725 late-fall, 5,522 winter, 3,715 spring and 232,601 fall-run salmon (Appendix Table 1). The majority of these salmon passed above RBDD (88.2%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff. The Sacramento River has four runs of Chinook salmon: winter, spring, fall, and late-fall. The California Department of Fish and Game (Department) has historically used fish counts at the RBDD to determine spawner population estimates for all four runs when the RBDD gates were down year round. Beginning in 1986, the RBDD was operated to minimize impacts to winter-run migration. Currently the dam and fish ladders are in operation for four months of the year. For the remaining eight months of the year the Department uses the historical proportions of individual run timing patterns to estimate the current spawner populations (Table 7). This method is used for the winter, spring, and fall runs since the timing of these runs past RBDD occurs at least in part during the four-month period (mid-May through mid-September) when the fish ladders are operating. The late-fall run is not estimated using RBDD counts since late-fall fish are not present in the four-month period of operation. Instead, the results of a main-stem escapement carcass survey and other methods are used to estimate the late-fall run. Since 1996 the Department has conducted a year round carcass survey in the main-stem of the Sacramento River above RBDD to determine the suitability of using this method as an alternative source of spawner population estimates. Beginning in 2001 the Department began using the carcass survey results as a step in the estimation process for the winter and late-fall runs. Spring run in 2001 above RBDD continued to be estimated by the RBDD process. The 2001, fall-run estimates using RBDD dam counts resulted in a negative number of salmon predicted in the main stem. For this reason the carcass survey estimate was chosen as a starting point for the fall run estimation in 2001.ö

Cosumnes River Chinook Salmon Spawner Escapement, Rearing, and Emigration Surveys 1998-99.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:44:02 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Cosumnes River Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha resource was surveyed from November 1998 through June 1999. Data were acquired on temporal and spatial distribution of salmon spawning and on juvenile rearing and emigration. Physical data were also collected to characterize spawning and rearing habitat conditions. The primary purpose of these surveys was to identify the relationships between the various salmon life stages and existing habitat conditions and eventually identify potential management actions that could help restore the Cosumnes River salmon population to near historic levels. [from summary]

Upper Sacramento River Late-Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey December 1999-April 2000

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:43:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive late fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during winter-spring period of 1999-2000 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b)(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with the DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmonids in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationships between anadromous salmonids and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction to be identified. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provides additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Upper Sacramento River Late-Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey December 1998- April 1999

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:43:33 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive late fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during winter-spring period of 1998-1999 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with the DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmonids in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationships between anadromous salmonids and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction to be identified. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provides additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Upper Sacramento River Late-Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey December 1997- May 1998

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:43:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program (STEP) conducted an intensive late fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawner escapement survey on the upper Sacramento River during winter-spring period of 1997-1998 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This survey was carried out to fulfill the mandates of Section 3406(b(1)(B) of the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA), PL 102-575, which requires the Secretary of the Interior to determine instream flow needs for all Central Valley Project controlled streams and rivers. Flow-need recommendations are to be provided to the Secretary by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) after consultation with the DFG. In response to this Act, the FWS and DFG have signed a Cooperative Agreement by which the FWS will fund DFG to conduct studies to determine flow needs of salmonids in the upper Sacramento River. The primary charge of STEP - to improve understanding of the relationships between anadromous salmonids and habitat in the upper Sacramento River û requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on temporal and spatial spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. Spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrently with redd surveys allows this distinction to be identified. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provides additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Lower American River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey October 1995 - January 1996

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:42:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - An intensive fall-run Chinook salmon escapement survey was conducted on the lower American River during the fall-winter of 1995 to estimate spawner abundance and distribution. This was the fourth consecutive year that the Technical Advisory Committee (TAC) established by the Alameda County Superior Court was intimately involved with the escapement survey (Snider et al. 1993, Snider et al 1995, and Snider and Bandner 1996) The primary charge of the TAC - to improve understanding of the relationships between salmon and habitat in the lower American River - requires reliable estimates of the spawner population to help distinguish habitat versus population influences on the temporal and longitudinal spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992, Snider et al 1993, and Snider and Vyverberg 1995). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size, spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawner population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrent with redd surveys should allow this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey also provides additional baseline information on egg retention (pre-spawning mortality), age and sex composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size. Since the early 1970's, tag-and-recapture data have been collected during the spawner surveys to estimate escapements to several Central Valley tributary streams including the American River. Three models have been used by the Department of Fish and Game to estimate escapements: Petersen (Ricker 1975), Schaefer (1951) and the Jolly-Seber (Seber 1982). The Petersen model is the most simple but least accurate (Law 1992). It has been used primarily when data are insufficient to allow calculation with other models. It is occasionally used to calculate estimates for smaller tributary streams (e.g. Cosumnes, Merced, Stanislaus, and Tuolumne rivers), and was used to calculate the 1984 American River estimate. A modification of the Schaefer model has been used in 'larger' Central Valley tributary streams since 1973 (Taylor 1974). This model has been used to estimate the lower American River escapement starting in 1976. Based on Law's analysis (Law 1992), the Schaefer model will over estimate escapement when carcass survival (carry over from week-to-week) and recovery rates are equivalent to those typically observed on the American River. Similarly, based on Law's (1992) analysis; the Jolly-Seber model will slightly under estimate the lower American River escapement. The Jolly-Seber model is more accurate when model assumptions are met and recovery rates are > 10% (Boydstun 1992 and Law 1992). Still, there is considerable disagreement among fisheries managers responsible for estimating spawner escapement for California streams. They believe that popula

The 1996-97 Salmonid Spawning Survey for Portions of the Ten Mile River, Garcia River, and Caspar Creek.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:42:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - Salmon Trollers Marketing Association (STMA), through the National Emergency Assistance Program (NEAP), was funded to conduct 1996-97 spawning surveys on portions of three streams in Mendocino County, CA. These surveys were conducted on tributaries to the Ten Mile and Garcia Rivers as well as Caspar Creek and its tributaries (Figure 1). The purposes of these surveys varied by area. On the Ten Mile River surveys were conducted to monitor population status of Coho (Oncorhynchus kisutch) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in conjunction with a Coho and steelhead trapping and rearing project conducted by the Salmon Restoration Association, Inc. The Garcia River has been the target of an extensive habitat restoration effort guided by the Garcia River Watershed Enhancement Plan (MCRCD 1992) The Garcia River spawning surveys were to document salmon and steelhead utilization of streams where habitat enhancement projects had been conducted as well as collect baseline fishery data for the basin. One stream, Mill Creek, was surveyed as a control stream in the Garcia River since no restoration work has been done or is expected due to the general quality of the habitat present. Coho salmon as well as steelhead trout populations have been extensively studied in Caspar Creek over the last decade. Caspar Creek has maintained itself as one of the more productive Coho and steelhead streams along the Mendocino coast. It also has received very little to no restoration work and serves as a good control stream to compare other coast Coho and steelhead runs. It was included in this survey so that this fishery data could continue to be collected. Estimates of Coho salmon spawning populations are made in this report as well as indices for steelhead abundance. These estimates are only for the specific reaches of the streams surveyed and are in most cases not estimates for entire basins. Coho salmon estimates are made with the knowledge that streams flow conditions were very high for extended periods of time and that these long periods of high flows cast doubt on the reliability of estimates obtained. The major high flow period occurred during the first week of January. A second significant run-off period occurred in late January. Flows were fairly low starting in early February and stayed that way through the end of the spawner survey in late March and early April. This condition resulted in washing out carcasses, reducing opportunity to observe live fish, and obliterating redds constructed between spawning survey intervals. High flows also likely resulted in fish spawning higher into the smaller tributaries and headwater areas which were not surveyed in the early December - January period.

Chinook Salmon spawner Populations for the Upper Sacramento River System, 2002.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:42:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry. Population estimates for the Upper Sacramento River system (Figure 1) are determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews and counts at the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). This report does not include salmon information from Butte Creek, Feather and American River(s). An estimated 623,156 adult salmon were in the Sacramento River System upstream of Princeton Ferry in 2002. This includes an estimate of 40,001 late-fall, 7,441 winter, 4,445 spring and 571,169 fall-run salmon (Appendix Table 1). The majority of these salmon passed above RBDD (80%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff. The Sacramento River has four runs of Chinook salmon: winter, spring, fall, and late-fall. The California Department of Fish and Game (Department) has historically used fish counts at the RBDD to determine spawner population estimates for all four runs when the RBDD gates were down year round. Beginning in 1986, the RBDD was operated to minimize impacts to winter-run migration. Currently the dam and fish ladders are in operation for four months of the year. The Department continues to use RBDD as a source of population estimates for winter, spring and fall runs based on historic timing past RBDD (Table 1). The late-fall run is not estimated using RBDD counts since late-fall fish are not present in the four-month period of operation. Instead, the results of a main-stem escapement carcass survey and other methods are used to estimate the late-fall run. Since 1996 the Department has conducted a year round carcass survey in the main-stem of the Sacramento River above RBDD to determine the suitability of using this method as an alternative source of spawner population estimates. Beginning in 2001 the Department began using the carcass survey results as a step in the estimation process for the winter and fall runs in addition to the late-fall run. Spring run in 2002 above RBDD continued to be estimated by the RBDD process. The 2002 fall run estimates using RBDD dam counts resulted in a negative number of salmon predicted in the main stem. For this reason the carcass survey estimate was chosen as a starting point for the fall run estimation in 2002.

Stanislaus River Anadromous Fish Surveys 2000-2001

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:41:48 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Fisheries Foundation of California (Foundation) surveyed fish in the lower Stanislaus River in year 2000 and 2001 for the US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) with funding from the Central Valley Project Improvement Act (CVPIA). The surveys were conducted with funding from the Central Valley Project Improvement Act under contract to the FWS. The CVP New Melones Project on the Stanislaus River provides water supply for municipal and agricultural users in the Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys and the Bay area. The study was conducted under the CVPIA mandate that includes fish and wildlife protection, restoration, and mitigation as project purposes. In January 2000, the Foundation entered into a cooperative agreement with the US Fish and Wildlife Service to monitor Chinook salmon and steelhead trout within the Stanislaus River. The monitoring program was funded under cooperative agreement # 114200J033 in February of 2000. Additional finding was provided in (2001) to expand the project to include juvenile trout summer rearing. The survey is funded for years 2000 through 2001.ö

Klamath River Basin Fall Chinook Salmon Run-Size, In river Harvest and Spawner Escapement 2000 season.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:41:25 -0800

Data - The 2000 adult fall-run Chinook salmon run into the Klamath River system was estimated at 217,369 fish, about 233% of the 1978-1999 average of 93,276 adults. The grilse run was estimated at 10, 198 fish, about 53% of the 1978-1999 average of 19,220 fish. Fisheries scientists projected that 85,000 adult fall Chinook would return to the Klamath River this fall. Using this figure, they projected an in-river harvest of 35,000 fish (including 2,600 unlanded mortalities), leaving 50,000 adults to spawn naturally or in the hatcheries. The following table present, in abbreviated form, 2000 preseason adult harvest and spawner escapement projections and corresponding postseason estimates. Complete run-size, harvest and spawner-escapement estimates for both adults and grilse for years 1978-2000 are presented in the accompanying table.

Klamath River Basin Fall Chinook Salmon Run-Size, In river Harvest and Spawner Escapement 1978-2002 [pages for 1999-2002 and footnotes]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:41:12 -0800

Data - None

Scott River Watershed Adult Coho Salmon Spawning Survey, December 2002- January 2003.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:40:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - Coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) migrate, spawn and rear in the Scott River watershed (CDFG, 1974) but information on the run is quite limited (Leidy & Leidy, 1984). The habitat distribution of Coho salmon in the Scott River stream system was referenced in the 1970s by the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) through stream lists (CDFG. 1972) and several maps, one of spawning areas (CDFG, 1974) -and one of relative value of habitat (USSCS, 1972). More recently, the Klamath National Forest has compiled and updated a 'map of anadromy' from various sources and surveys for the Scott River watershed (USFS, 2000). The Department of Fish and Game GIS system analysts are in the process of updating Coho salmon distribution in the Scott River watershed and elsewhere in the Klamath River Basin, upstream of the Trinity River, based on observations through January 2003 (D. Maria, CDFG, pers. comm.). Brown et al. (1994) state that the Scott River probably holds the largest number of native Coho fish of the Klamath River basin's larger tributary systems. Spawning data are sketchy. Observations of adult Coho salmon in the mainstem of the Scott River were occasionally seen during the end of the annual CDFG spawning surveys for the fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), but were not noted in the annual reports (M. Pisano, CDFG, pers. comm.). Spawning Coho adults (20+ redds) were observed in the Kelsey Creek spawning channel in 1987 (J. Kilgore, USFS, pers. comm). In 2001-2002, the first field surveys that targeted the Coho spawning population in the Scott River watershed took place (Maurer, 2002). The adult Coho salmon run, reported at Iron Gate Hatchery in 2001-2002, totaled 2466 fish, of which 972 were males (107 were jacks') and 1494 were females. In 2002-2003, the total number of Coho salmon reported was 1193, of which 566 were males (108 were jacks') and 627 were females (K. Rushton, CDFG, pers. comm.). Recent data on juvenile Coho in the Scott River system are scattered but improving. They are annually monitored by CDFG in French Creek (found in 1993, 1996, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002) as part of a watershed monitoring effort (Maria, 2002) and were incidentally observed in other tributaries: Tompkins Cr. (1989); Canyon Cr. (1988); Shackleford/Mill Cr. (1996); Kidder Creek (1996,1997); upper Scott River (1996, 1997); and Big Mill Creek-Callahan (1994) (D. Maria, CDFG, pers. comm.) Juvenile presence/absence surveys are being conducted over a three-year period in those streams identified by Brown and Moyle (1994) by CDFG (R. Jony, CDFG, pers. comm.). Klamath National Forest biologists have also noted juvenile Coho in Mill Creek-Scott Bar (early 1980s) and lower Scott River (1989). Beginning in 2000, the CDFG and USFS together began monitoring downstream migrant Coho in the lower Scott River (river mile 4.8) during the spring and summer with a rotary screw to measure abundance and timing during salmonid emigration (Chesney, 2002). Young-of-the

Spring Chinook and Summer Steelhead Count, Salmon River, California July 20-21, 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:37:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Excel spreadsheet compiled for CalFish: 2000 through 2004 lower Trinity Ranger District and Six Rivers Reach Location Data.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:37:00 -0800

Data -

Table 1 - 2003 Fall Chinook Spawning Survey results by stream, date, actual survey reach and surveyors - Six Rivers NF, Orleans Ranger District

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:36:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Mainstem Klamath River Fall Chinook Spawning Redd Survey Fiscal Year 1995 and 1996

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:36:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - With the decreasing runs of natural fa11 Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in the Klamath River basin, concerns were raised regarding the accuracy and significance of the mainstem Klamath River fall Chinook spawner estimates. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Coastal California Fish and Wildlife Office (CCFWO) was funded through the Klamath River Fish and Wildlife Restoration Act (P.L.99-552) in the Fall of 1993-1996 to address this concern. The 1995 and 1996 survey season marked the third and fourth year that the CCFWO conducted investigations on the upper mainstem Klamath River to derive a reasonable estimate of natural fa11 Chinook spawners. A total of 339 redds were observed in the 1993 survey. In 1994 and 1995, redd counts increased to a total of 1,702 and 3,240 respectively. During the 1994 and 1995 spawning seasons, there was evidence that unspawned surplus adult fall Chinook salmon released from Iron Gate Hatchery (IGH) successfully spawned in the Klamath River. One hatchery fin clipped adult was observed spawning 30 miles downstream of the hatchery. In 1996, 1,372 redds were observed which was a decrease of 43% from the previous year. There was complete retention of hatchery origin adults by 1GH in 1996, although, the distribution of redds remained the same as previous years. With the new hatchery policy of excess return retention, mainstem escapement can now be considered a reasonable estimate of natural spawning adult Chinook salmon. Redd substrate composition estimates remained consistent with previous spawning survey data. Based upon 210 redd measurements from 1995-1 996, the average redd size in the mainstem of the Klamath River was 9.6 m2. The average pit depth, mound depth, and adjacent depth for 1995-1996 was similar to previous survey results. Redds were most common along the wetted channel margins with numerous redds observed in side channels with suitable gravel and water velocities. Unlike 1993 and 1993 some redds were observed by 1995 and 1996 survey crews in mid-channel areas. Recreational suction dredge mining was present throughout the survey from the confluence of Scott River downstream to the confluence of Indian Creek, although only two redds were observed on recent dredge tailings. Under the existing mining regulations, adverse impacts on redds could occur below the Scott River without protection of spawning areas.

DRAFT 2003 Fall Chinook Spawning Survey results by stream, date, actual surveyed reach, and surveyors - Klamath NF, Happy Camp and Ukonom Ranger Districts

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:36:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Shasta River Fish Counting Facility, Chinook and Coho Salmon Observations in 2002 Siskiyou County, CA

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:36:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - An underwater video camera was operated in the flume of the Shasta River Fish Counting Facility twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, from 9 September through 17 December of 2002 to monitor fall run Chinook salmon migration into the Shasta River. High flow forced the removal of the SRFCF on 18 December. A total of 6,820 Chinook salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF between 9 September and 23 November. The run peaked on 28 September when 853 Chinook salmon passed through the weir. A total of 613 Chinook salmon carcasses were examined during spawning ground surveys that were conducted primarily on public lands located in the lower 7 miles of the Shasta River. Based on the proportion of the females, males and grilse observed in the spawning ground survey the entire run was comprised of an estimated 3,405 females, 3,185 adult males, and 230 grilse. Female Chinook salmon ranged in fork length from 48 cm to 94 cm and males ranged in fork length from 40 cm to 105 cm. Examination of the male fork length frequency distribution indicated that grilse were likely less than 65 cm in fork length. Only three adipose fin clipped (hatchery origin fish) Chinook salmon were observed and only one of these was recovered during the spawning ground surveys. The coded wire tag that was retrieved from this fish indicated that its origin was from IGH released in the spring of 1998. Assuming that the other two adipose fin clipped Chinook salmon that were observed at the SRFCF, A total of only 79 hatchery origin Chinook salmon entered the Shasta River in 2002. Approximately 1,019 Chinook salmon, or 14.95% of the run, had one or more lamprey attached to them as they passed through the SRFCF. A total of 86 adult coho salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF between 19 October and 17 December.

Shasta River Fish Counting Facility, Chinook and Coho Salmon Observations in 2003, Siskiyou County, CA

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:35:54 -0800

Monitoring Report - An underwater video camera was operated in the flume of the Shasta River Fish Counting Facility twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, from 6 September through 28 December of 2003 to monitor fall run Chinook salmon migration into the Shasta River. A power outage and major snow storm in late December ended operation of the SRFCF on 28 December and the weir was removed from the river in early January. A total of 4,195 Chinook salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF between 8 September and 20 November. The run peaked on 2 October when 253 Chinook salmon were observed passing through the weir. A total of 318 Chinook salmon carcasses were examined during spawning ground surveys and 412 carcasses were collected as wash backs at the weir. Based on the proportion of the females, males and grilse observed in the spawning ground survey and as wash backs the entire run was comprised of an estimated 1,393 females, 2,647 adult males, and 155 grilse. Female Chinook salmon ranged in fork length from 50 cm to 95 cm and males ranged in fork length from 40 cm to 102 cm. Examination of the male fork length frequency distribution indicated that grilse were likely less or equal to 57 cm in fork length. A total of 25 adipose fin clipped (hatchery origin fish) Chinook salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF however, no heads form these ad-clipped fish were recovered in subsequent spawning ground surveys or as wash backs against the weir. Therefore, the contribution of hatchery fish was estimated by partitioning the number ad-clip salmon observed in the Shasta River based on the proportion of coded wire tags recovered at Iron Gate Hatchery. From this the Department estimates that approximately 436 of the 4,195 Chinook salmon observed in the Shasta River were of hatchery origin. Approximately 1,010 Chinook salmon, or 24.08% of the run, had one or more lamprey attached to them as they passed through the SRFCF. A total of 187 adult coho salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF between 20 October and 28 December. Twenty seven (27) coho salmon carcasses were collected at wash backs against the weir between 8 November and 25 December. Six (6) of the coho salmon observed at the SRFCF were ad-clipped and these fish were likely strays from Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife hatcheries along the southern Oregon Coast, most notably Cole Rivers Hatchery located on the Rogue River. Four (4) of the 27 coho salmon that were collected as wash backs has a left maxillary clip indicating that these fish likely originated from Iron Gate Hatchery.

2002 Fall Chinook Spawning Survey results by date, actual surveyed reach, and surveyors - Klamath NF, Happy Camp and Ukonom Ranger Districts

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:35:41 -0800

Monitoring Report - None

Shasta River Fish Counting Facility, Chinook and Coho Salmon Observations in 2004, Siskiyou County, CA [Draft]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:35:29 -0800

Monitoring Report - An underwater video camera was operated in the flume of the Shasta River Fish Counting Facility twenty four hours a day, seven days a week, from 7 September until 8 December when high flows forced the removal of the video camera and weir. A total of 962 Chinook salmon were observed at the SRFCF during the 2004 spawning season. KRP staff processed a total of 33 carcasses during spawning ground surveys, of which, staff was able collect fork lengths for 27 fish. A total of 265 Chinook salmon carcasses were collected as wash backs against the weir during the season. Chinook salmon ranged in fork length from 39 cm to 99 cm (Figure 4) and grilse were determined to be < 57 cm in fork length. The run was comprised of 614 (63.8%) males and 348 (36.2%) females. Based on analysis of length frequencies staff estimated that the male population of the run was comprised of 129 (13.4%) grilse and 485 (50.4%) adults. A total of 23 ad-clipped Chinook salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF indicating that these fish maybe of hatchery origin. No ad-clipped Chinook salmon were recovered during the spawning ground survey or as wash backs against the weir. Assuming that each of these ad-clip fish did in fact carry a CWT an estimate of the potential hatchery contribution to the Shasta River was derived based on the proportion of CWTs that were observed at IGH during 2004. Based on this assumption, a maximum of 372 hatchery origin Chinook, 38.7% of the run, may have strayed into the Shasta River during the 2004 season. A total of 248 Chinook salmon (25.8% of the run) had one or more lamprey attached to them as they passed through the flume. A total of 373 coho salmon were observed passing through the SRFCF from 13 October through the early morning hours of 8 December. During the 2004 coho spawning season the Department applied a caudal clip and floy tag was applied to 337 unmarked coho salmon that entered Iron Gate Hatchery and were subsequently released providing these fish the opportunity to spawn naturally. A total of 20 coho salmon with a caudal clip and/or Floy tag were observed at the SRFCF. No coho salmon carcasses were recovered during the spawning ground surveys which ended on November 3rd. However, a total of 24 coho salmon were observed as wash backs against the weir between November 11th and December 6th. Of these, 14 were males and 10 were females. Two of the 10 females were pre spawn mortalities and 1 of the 2 pre spawn mortalities was a caudal clipped and Floy tagged coho that was previously released from IGH on November 23, 2004. Ninety (90) coho salmon were observed with lamprey attachments as they passed through the SRFCF.

Lower Yuba River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey October 2007 - January 2008

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:35:14 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Yuba River, a tributary of the Feather River, drains a watershed of 3,468 kilometers2 (1,339 miles2), originating in the higher elevations of the west slope of the Sierra Nevada. The lower Yuba River is drained by the North, Middle, and South Yuba Rivers. The three tributaries converge near, and are impounded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' Englebright Dam, approximately 39 kilometers (24 river miles) east of the city of Marysville. Englebright Dam represents the upper limits of anadromous fish migration and spawning (Drury 2001; Massa 2006, 2007). The lower Yuba River provides spawning habitat for adult spring-, fall-, and late fall-run Chinook salmon, as well as Central Valley steelhead trout (CDFG 1991). In addition, the river below Daguerre Point Dam supports other anadromous species including American shad and striped bass. Over the years, lower Yuba River anadromous salmonid populations have been adversely affected by water and land use practices such as mining, dam construction, and water diversions that have impacted available spawning habitat through non-natural flow regimes, unsuitable water temperatures, and an overall loss of available spawning gravel substrates. These practices have affected adult Chinook salmon populations through losses to crucial habitat during essential rearing, migration and spawning periods.

Size of 1954 Fall Salmon Runs in the American, Feather, Yuba, Cosumnes and Mokelumne Rivers

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:56 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Lower American River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey, October-December 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:44 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult fall-run Chinook salmon ascend the American River for approximately 23 miles from the confluence of the Sacramento River near Discovery Park to the terminus of anadromous migration at the Nimbus fish weir, just below Nimbus Dam. Spawning occurs within the eighteen miles of river from about Paradise Beach to Nimbus fish weir. However, most spawning occurs in the uppermost three miles of the river near Sunrise Avenue Bridge upstream to the Nimbus fish weir. Spawner escapement surveys have been conducted on the lower American River to estimate the number of returning adult Chinook salmon for nearly 60 years. This information is important in guiding development and evaluation of management decisions. The four goals of the 2005 lower American River spawner escapement survey were (1) estimate the number of spawners; (2) determine the sex and age composition; (3) determine the egg retention of the females in the run; and (4) determine the percentage of coded-wire tagged (CWT) fish within the fresh samples.

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-Run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha Life History Investigation, 2003-2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers juvenile Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, monitoring in Butte Creek from October, 1995 until July, 1998. Fish were trapped in Butte Creek at sites near Chico. California (Butte County) and Sutter Bypass/Lower Butte Creek, West Borrow (Sutter County). For the 1995/1996 sampling year, 119,788 juvenile Chinook salmon were captured at the Chico site and 52,284 at the Sutter Bypass site. Of the 119,788 captured near Chico, 14,452 were coded-wire tagged. Fifty-nine of the tagged salmon were recaptured at the Sutter Bypass site trap. For the 1996/1997 sampling period, 1,922 juvenile Chinook salmon were captured at the Chico site and 111 at the Sutter Bypass site. Of the 1,922 captured near Chico, 449 were coded-wire tagged. None of the tagged salmon was recaptured. For the 1997/1998 sampling period, 10,583 juvenile Chinook salmon were captured at the Chico site and 15,480 at the Sutter Bypass site. Of the 10,583 captured near Chico, 3,408 were coded-wire tagged. Five of the tagged salmon were recaptured at the Sutter Bypass site trap. Yearling salmon were captured at the uppermost trapping site near Chico in October. Young-of-the-year were captured as early as mid-November. Virtually all juvenile salmon had left the Sutter Bypass by mid-May. Adult escapement of Butte Creek spring-run Chinook salmon was determined by snorkel survey. Escapement estimates for 1995, 1996, and 1997 were 7,480, 1,400, and 635 fish, respectively. All escapements were higher than the average escapement of 461 fish from 1967 to 1994.

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-Run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha, Life History Investigation, 2000-2001

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluation in Butte and Big Chico Creeks from September 2000 through December 2001. For Butte Creek, there were 697,317 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico, and 13,241 in the Sutter Bypass. There were 166,570 fish captured near Chico that were coded-wire-tagged, and 110 of the tagged fish recaptured in Sutter Bypass traps. Average calculated growth rate for the Sutter Bypass recaptures was 0.57 mm/day, and the average time to recapture was 65 days. The adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement based upon the snorkel survey methodology used since 1991, was 9,605. An alternate estimate based upon the Schaefer model carcass survey methodology was 22,744. The carcass survey recovered 16 Butte Creek coded-wire-tagged adults from BY 1997 (2), BY 1998 (13) and BY 1999 (1). Based upon the 16 tag recoveries, the year 2001 population contained a minimum of 12.5% age-4 fish. However, adjusting for release group size (BY 1997 3,408, BY 1998 105,828, BY 1999-55,854), would suggest a significantly higher proportion of age-4 fish. There were seven, year 2001 ocean sport/commercial recoveries of BY 1998 Butte Creek coded-wire-tagged adults. Comparing the expanded recovery rate of ocean and. inland escapement of BY 1998 taken during year 2001 suggests an ocean harvest rate of approximately 44%. Two (expanded to six) of the seven ocean recoveries were from a small coded wire- tag release group (393 fish) of BY 1998 fish tagged as yearlings. The limited sample suggests that yearling Butte Creek spring-run survive at a rate significantly higher than YOY emigrants, and that ocean harvest of yearlings is significantly higher. A Peterson model carcass survey of Butte Creek fall-run Chinook salmon estimated the population to be 4,103. There were ten recoveries of coded-wire-tagged fish during the fall-run survey, all of which were from out of the Butte Creek watershed, suggesting significant straying. The carcass surveys showed that Butte Creek spring and fall-run spawning is separated in time and space. For Big Chico Creek, there were 1,057 juvenile salmon captured near Chico, and the adult escapement estimate based upon the snorkel methodology was 39. 1 Inland Fisheries Administrative Report No 2004-3. Edited by Rich L. Dixon, Sacramento Valley-Central Sierra This report covers the spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluation in Butte and Big Chico Creeks from September 2000 through December 2001. For Butte Creek, there were 697,317 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico, and 13,241 in the Sutter Bypass. There were 166,570 fish captured near Chico that were coded-wire-tagged, and 110 of the tagged fish recaptured in Sutter Bypass traps. Average calculated growth rate for the Sutter Bypass recaptures was 0.57 mm/day, and the average time to recapture was 65 days. The adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapeme

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-Run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha, Life History Investigation, 2002-2003

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluation in Butte and Big Chico creeks from September 2002 through December 2003. For Butte Creek, there were 50,936 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico, and 7,448 in the Sutter Bypass. There were 36,415 fish captured near Chico that were coded-wire-tagged, two of the tagged fish recaptured in the Sutter Bypass trap. The adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement estimate based upon the snorkel survey methodology used since 1991, was 4,398. An alternate estimate based upon the Schaefer model carcass survey methodology was 6,063. A mark/recapture survey was conducted to evaluate pre-spawning mortality. Based upon the Schaefer model, there were an estimated 11,231 pre-spawn mortalities. The pre-spawn and spawning carcass surveys recovered 38 Butte Creek coded-wire-tagged adults from BY 99 (17) and BY 00 (21). Based upon the tag recoveries, the year 2003 population contained a minimum of 44% age-4 fish, and if adjusted for release group size, 69% were age-4 fish. Comparing the expanded recovery rate of ocean catch and inland escapement of BY 99 catch during 2002-2003 suggest an ocean catch rate of approximately 43%. Additionally, there was one Butte Creek coded-wire tag recovery from Clear Creek (BY 00), and one recovered at the Feather River Hatchery (BY 98). The FRH recovery was from the small release group (393 fish) of BY 98 fish tagged as yearlings, bringing the total recovered to 4 (expanded to 10.34). The limited sample suggests that yearling Butte Creek spring-run survive at a rate significantly higher than YOY emigrants. A Schaefer model carcass survey of Butte Creek fall-run Chinook salmon estimated the population to be 3,310. There were 85 CWT recoveries during the fall-run survey, with 84 from fish natal to other watersheds while one was tagged and released as a Butte Creek SRCS during January 2001. The number of out-of-basin CWT recoveries substantiates significant straying. For Big Chico Creek, there were 173 juvenile salmon captured near Chico, and the adult spring run Chinook salmon escapement was 81 based upon the snorkel methodology.

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-Run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha, Life History Investigation, 2004-2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:34:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluation in Butte and Big Chico creeks from September 2004 through December 2005. For Butte Creek, there were 870,096 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico of which 400,262 were coded-wire tagged (CWT). The adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement estimate using the snorkel survey methodology was 10,625. An alternate estimate based upon the modified Schaefer model carcass survey methodology was 16,998. A Schaefer model carcass survey was also conducted to evaluate pre-spawning mortality with an estimated 617 fish that died prior to spawning. The spawning carcass survey recovered 38 Butte Creek CWT adults from BY 01 (3), BY 02 (34), and BY 03 (1). Based upon tag recoveries and an adjustment for release group size, the year 2005 population contained an estimated 0.5% age-2, 97.5% age-3, and 2% age-4 fish. Comparing the expanded recovery rate of ocean catch and inland escapement of BY 01 catch during 2004-2005 suggests an ocean catch rate of approximately 40%. In addition, one adult BY 02 CWT Livingston Stone winter-run, and one adult BY 02 Feather River Hatchery spring-run, was recovered within the spring-run Chinook spawning area. A modified Schaefer model carcass survey of Butte Creek fall-run Chinook salmon estimated the population to be 4,255. There were 4 CWT recoveries during the fall-run survey. All recovered tags were from fall-run Chinook salmon natal to other watersheds. For Big Chico Creek, the adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement was 37 based upon the snorkel methodology.

2001 Merced River Fall Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:33:37 -0800

Monitoring Report - The San Joaquin fall-run Chinook salmon is currently a candidate species under the Federal and State Endangered Species Acts. Population levels, as measured by escapement of returning adults, in the Merced River declined in the mid-1960's. The decline of the species is thought to be attributed to many factors. The reduction of spawning and rearing habitat in combination with stream flow management practices are believed to be major factors limiting overall population numbers. Numerous additional factors including but not limited to predation, streambed alteration, pump diversion, gravel mining, land use practices and ocean angler harvest contribute to a complex web population dynamics which effect the population of fall-run Chinook salmon within the Merced River. The California Department of fish and Game (CDFG) has conducted escapement surveys on the Merced River since 1953. The Schaefer mark recapture escapement estimation model (Schaefer 1951) has been utilized since 1971. The 2001 escapement survey is a continuation of this method. Escapement estimates range from a high of 23,000 in 1984 to a low of 73 in 1990 (Heyne and Marston 1998-1999). The fall 2000 escapement survey, estimated at 13,076 fish, was the highest on record since 1985 (Beal 2001).

Stanislaus River Fall Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey 2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:33:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - San Joaquin River fall-run Chinook salmon are currently a candidate species under the Federal Endangered Species Act. Population levels in the Stanislaus River, a tributary to the San Joaquin River, have declined in the past 50 years from approximately 35,000 returning adults in 1953 to a low of 160 in 1996 (Heyne, 2000). Escapement estimates for the past 5 years have ranged from a low of approximately 3,150 in 1998 to a high of approximately 8,500 in 2000 (Marston et al., 2002). The decline of the species can be attributed to many factors. In general, reduction of spawning and rearing habitat and stream flow management practices, are thought to be major factors limiting overall population numbers. Numerous additional factors including but not limited to predation, streambed alteration, pump diversions, gravel mining, land use practices, and ocean angler harvest contribute to a web of complex population dynamics which effect population numbers within the habitat currently available to Stanislaus River Chinook salmon.

Stanislaus River Fall Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey 2003

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:33:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - San Joaquin River fall-run Chinook salmon are currently a candidate species under the Federal Endangered Species Act. Population levels in the Stanislaus River, a tributary to the San Joaquin River, have declined in the past 50 years from approximately 35,000returning adults in 1953 to a low of 160 in 1996 (Heyne, 2000). Escapement estimates for the past 5 years have ranged from a low of approximately 3,150 in 1998 to a high of approximately 8,500 in 2000 (Marston et al., 2002). The decline of the species can be attributed to many factors. In general, reduction of spawning and rearing habitat and stream flow management practices, are thought to be major factors limiting overall population numbers. Numerous additional factors including but not limited to predation, streambed alteration, pump diversions, gravel mining, land use practices, and ocean angler harvest contribute to a web of complex population dynamics which effect population numbers within the habitat currently available to Stanislaus River Chinook salmon.

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-Run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha, Life History Investigation, 2001-2002

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:32:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluation in Butte and Big Chico Creeks from September 2001 through December 2002. For Butte Creek, there were 375,274 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico, and 14,732 in the Sutter Bypass. There were 155,413 fish captured near Chico that were coded-wire-tagged, and 37 of the tagged fish recaptured in the Sutter Bypass traps. Average calculated growth rate for the Sutter Bypass recaptures was 0.38 mm/day, and the average time to recapture was 53 days. Juvenile Butte Creek spring-run were first captured in the Sutter Bypass trap on November 29, 2001. The adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement estimate based upon the snorkel survey methodology used since 1991, was 8,785. An alternate estimate based upon the Schaefer model carcass survey methodology was 12,597. There were an estimated 3,431 pre-spawning mortalities that were not included in the escapement estimates. The pre-spawn and spawning carcass surveys recovered 19 Butte Creek coded-wire-tagged adults from BY 1998 (2) and BY 1999 (17). Based upon the 19 tag recoveries, the year 2001 population contained a minimum of 11% age-4 fish. Comparing the expanded recovery rate of ocean catch and inland escapement of BY 1998 taken during year 2001-2002 suggests an ocean catch rate of approximately 48%. There was one additional ocean recovery classified as age-5, from the small coded-wire-tag release group (393 fish) of BY 1998 fish tagged as yearlings; bringing the total recovered to 3 (expanded to 9.34). The limited sample suggests that yearling Butte Creek spring-run survive at a rate significantly higher than YOY emigrants, and that ocean harvest of yearlings is significantly higher. A Schaeffer model carcass survey of Butte Creek fall-run Chinook salmon estimated the population to be 3,415. There were 41 recoveries of coded-wire-tagged fish during the fall- run survey, all of which were from out side of the Butte Creek watershed, substantiating significant straying. The carcass surveys continue to demonstrate that Butte Creek spring- and fall-run spawning is separated in time and space. For Big Chico Creek, there were 1,752 juvenile salmon captured near Chico, and the adult spring-run Chinook salmon escapement estimate based upon the snorkel methodology was zero.

Lower American River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey, October 2003 - January 2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:32:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult fall-run Chinook salmon ascend the American River for approximately 23 miles from the confluence of the Sacramento River near Discovery Park to the terminus of anadromous migration at Nimbus Dam. Spawning occurs within the eighteen miles of river from about Paradise Beach to Nimbus Dam. However, most spawning occurs in the uppermost three miles of the river near Sunrise Avenue Bridge upstream to the Nimbus weir. Spawner escapement surveys have been conducted on the lower American River to estimate the number of returning adult Chinook salmon for nearly 60 years. This information is important in guiding development and evaluation of management decisions. The four goals of the 2003 lower American River spawner escapement survey were (1) estimate the number of spawners; (2) determine the sex and age composition; (3) determine the egg retention of the females in the run; and 4) determine the percentage of coded-wire tagged (CWT) fish within the fresh samples.

Scott River Watershed Adult Coho Spawning Ground Surveys November 2004-January 2005 [51 pages without training manual]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:32:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - Adult coho spawning ground surveys were completed in a total of 47.20 stream miles (44.45 miles of tributaries, and 2.75 miles of mainstem) in the Scott River Watershed. Live coho salmon were spotted in the Scott River as early as October 22nd, 2004, with radio tag verification on October 26th, 2004. The survey season was November 16th, 2004û January 14th, 2005. Total counts for the season were 960 redds, 569 Carcasses, and 1577 live fish counts (although some live fish were likely counted twice during weekly surveys). Adult coho spawning ground and carcass surveys were completed in the Scott River Mainstem and the following tributaries: East Fork Scott, Grouse Creek, Kangaroo Creek, Rail Creek, South Fork Scott, Sugar Creek, French Creek, Miners Creek, Paynes Creek (trib to French), Etna Creek, Patterson Creek, Kidder Creek, Shackleford, and Mill Creek (trib to Shackleford), Canyon Creek, Boulder Creek, Kelsey Creek and Kelsey spawning channel, Middle Creek, Tompkins Creek, and Mill Creek (Scott Bar). Spot surveys were completed at the mouths of Fox Creek, Boulder Creek, tributaries to the South Fork Scott. Exceptional survey conditions allowed for the observation of coho salmon in the river, on redds, and as carcasses. This allowed for proper ID of fish, migration timing, and spawning. Several factors contributed to exceptional survey conditions during the survey period. Prior to December, flows were stable and visibility was excellent. However, fish passage was limited in many tributaries due to seasonal flow barriers at the mouths of the tributaries. Heavy rains during the first week of December (Dec 6th û 8th) brought fish into the system and reconnected most of the perennial streams, providing access for spawning salmon. Good visibility was restored shortly thereafter. Adult coho spawning was well distributed throughout the sub-basin, with spawning occurring in many of the tributaries investigated. The only tributaries which did not show coho spawning activity were: Middle Creek, Fox Creek, Boulder Creek (Scott), Boulder Creek (S. Fork), and Paynes Creek. The heaviest spawning activity observed was in the lower sections of Patterson, Shackleford-Mill, French-Miners, Kidder, Etna Creek, and Sugar Creek. Population estimates were developed for selected reaches in French, Miners, Shackleford, and Mill Creek, using mark and recapture techniques. The Peterson and Schaefer estimate were utilized. Peterson estimates were as follows: Middle French 181 adults (Confidence Interval = 156-209), Miners = 221 (193-252), Lower Shackleford = 201 (174-230), and Lower Mill = 337 (299-374). Schaefer estimates were: Middle French 163 adults (confidence interval = 140-190), Miners = 133 (112-157), Lower Shackleford = 110 (91- 133), and Lower Mill = 307 (274-343).

Mainstem Klamath River Fall Chinook Spawning Survey Fiscal Year 2001 [Fall 2000 surveys]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:31:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report describes observations and results of the eighth annual U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning survey on the mainstem Klamath River. The survey was conducted for six consecutive weeks from October 16 to November 22, 2000, covering 134.8 river kilometers between Iron Gate Dam and the confluence of Indian Creek at Happy Camp. A total of 1,578 redds were observed during the 2000 survey which represents a 62.7% increase from the 1999 redd count, and the first year of increasing redd numbers since 1997. In 2000, spawning was observed throughout the mainstem Klamath River from Iron Gate Dam to Indian Creek with 49.9% (n=788) of the redds located between Iron Gate Dam and the Shasta River. From 1993 to 1999, the tendency for Chinook to spawn within the upper 10 river km (rkm), Iron Gate Dam to Cape Horn Creek), increased from 24.2 to 60.9%, but in 2000 decreased to 37.5%. Redd density in this upper mainstem section was 59.1 redds/rkm. The lowest redd densities in 2000 were between Shinar and China Creek (0.7 redds/rkm). Water clarity between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek was 1. 2 to 2.0m, and represented some of the lowest recorded for these surveys. During 2000, only two redds were observed on suction dredge tailings between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek.

Mainstem Klamath River Fall Chinook Spawning Survey Fiscal Year 2001 [Fall 2001 surveys]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:31:35 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report describes observations and results of the ninth annual U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning survey on the mainstem Klamath River. The survey was conducted for eight weeks from October 15 to December 14, 2001, covering 134.8 river kilometers (83.8 river miles) between Iron Gate Dam and the confluence of Indian Creek at Happy Camp. A total of 2,172 redds were observed during the 2001 survey which represents a 38% increase from the 2000 redd count, and the second consecutive year of increasing redd numbers since 1997. In 2001, spawning was observed throughout the mainstem Klamath River from Iron Gate Dam to Indian Creek with 38% (n=830) of the redds located between Iron Gate Dam and the Shasta River. From 1993 to 1999, the tendency for Chinook to spawn within the upper 10 river km (rkm; Iron Gate Dam to Cape Horn Creek), increased from 24.2 to 60.9%, but in 2000 decreased to 37.5%. In 2001 this number decreased once more to 25.8%. Redd density in this upper mainstem section was 56.1 redds/rkm. The lowest redd densities in 2001 were between Shinar and China Creek (4.3 redds/rkm). Water clarity between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek ranged from 1. 2 to 3.0m, and represented some of the highest visibility recorded for these surveys. During 2001, only one redd was observed on a suction dredge tailing between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek.

Excel spreadsheet: Middle Trinity River tributary summer steelhead results 1990 through 2004.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:31:20 -0800

Data - None

Excel spreadsheet: Middle Trinity River tributary summer steelhead results 2005.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:30:59 -0800

Data - None

Lower Mokelumne River Upstream Fish Migration Monitoring Conducted at Woodbridge Irrigation District Dam, August 2003 through July 2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:30:43 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report summarizes data collected below Woodbridge Irrigation District Dam (WIDD) on the lower Mokelumne River (LMR) from August 01, 2003 through July 31, 2004. An estimated 10,240 fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) passed the WIDD fish ladders between August 4, 2003 and January 14, 2004. Fifty percent of the run passed WIDD by November 13, 2003 as compared to November 7th of last year. Highest daily passage was 540 on November 7, 2003. The sex and life stage was positively determined for 9,997 salmon and included 4,112 (41%) adult females, 3,268 (33%) adult males, 617 (6%) grilse females and 2,000 (20%) grilse males. Thirty-nine adult steelhead (O. mykiss) passed WIDD between October 2003 and May 2004. Peak steelhead passage occurred in December (13). Other species using the WIDD fishways included: American shad, Alosa sapidissima; black bass, Micropterus sp.; common carp, Cyprinus carpio; goldfish, Carassius auratus; Hitch, Lavinia exilicauda; Pacific lamprey, Lampetra tridentata; Sacramento pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus grandis; Sacramento splittail, Pogonichthys macrolepidotus; Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis; and tule perch, Hysterocarpus traski.

2005 Feather River Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement Summary

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:30:28 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Chinook salmon spawning escapement survey began September 6 and continued through December 16, 2005. The following topics are covered in the report: Population Estimate; Pre-spawning Mortality; CWT Sampling; Spring & Fall Chinook CWT Composition; Strays

Lower Mokelumne River Upstream Fish Migration Monitoring Conducted at Woodbridge Irrigation District Dam, August 2004 through July 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:28:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - Upstream fish migration monitoring was conducted at Woodbridge Irrigation District Dam (WIDD) and the lower Mokelumne River (LMR) from August 01, 2004 through April 5, 2005, and from July 19 through July 31, 2005. An estimated escapement of 11,944 fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was calculated for the LMR based on a carcass survey estimate of in river spawners (1,588) and hatchery escapement (10,356). Video monitoring and ladder trap operations produced an estimate of 11,416 Chinook. Fifty percent of the fish observed in video monitoring passed Woodbridge Irrigation District Dam by November 12, 2004. Highest daily video passage was 615 on November 12, 2004. The sex and life stage was positively determined for 9,586 salmon and included 2,091 (22%) adult females, 4,163 (43%) adult males, 979 (10%) grilse females and 2,353 (25%) grilse males. Forty-four adult steelhead (O. mykiss) passed upstream of WIDD between October 2004 and February 2005. Thirteen steelhead passed downstream of WIDD between December 2004 and March 2005. Peak upstream steelhead passage occurred in November (13). Of upstream passing steelhead, 33 were adipose clipped and 11 were unclipped. Other species using the WIDD fishways included: black bass, Micropterus sp.; chum salmon, O. keta; common carp, Cyprinus carpio; Pacific lamprey, Lampetra tridentata; Sacramento pikeminnow, Ptychocheilus grandis; Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis; and tule perch, Hysterocarpus traski

Lower Mokelumne River Fall Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Report October through December 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:28:02 -0800

Monitoring Report - A mark-recapture carcass survey was conducted from October through December 2005 to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon population on the lower Mokelumne River. The final estimate based on 5,945 tagged carcasses was 10,406 river spawners (+/- 290). The Mokelumne River Fish Hatchery's (MRFH) final count of hatchery spawners was 5,738. Total Mokelumne River escapement was estimated at 16,144 (+/- 290). The river spawning population was composed of 92% adults and 8% grilse. The grilse component was 79% male and 21% female. The adult component, as well as total escapement (adult and grilse), was 37% male and 63% female. Seventy-two percent of females were completely spawned out, while 21% were completely unspawned and 7% were partially spawned out. Most carcasses were observed in reach 6a and were decayed on initial contact.

Lower Mokelumne River Fall Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Report October 2006 through January 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:27:51 -0800

Monitoring Report - A mark-recapture carcass survey was conducted from October 2006 through January 2007 to estimate the fall-run Chinook salmon population in the lower Mokelumne River. The estimate based on 459 tagged carcasses was 1,732 in-river spawners (+/- 378). The Mokelumne River Fish Hatchery's (MRFH) count of hatchery spawners was 4,139. Total Mokelumne River escapement was estimated at 5,871 (+/- 378). The river spawning population was composed of 90% adults and 10% grilse. The grilse component was 56% male and 44% female. The adult component, as well as total escapement (adult and grilse), was 45% male and 55% female. Eighty-three percent of females were completely spawned out, while 13% were completely unspawned and 4% were partially spawned out. Most carcasses were observed upstream of the Highway 88 bridge and were decayed on initial observation.

2003 Feather River Salmon Spawning Escapement Survey Summary

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:26:20 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 2003 salmon spawning escapement survey began September 2 and continued through December 17. The following are summarized in the report: Population Estimate, Pre-spawning Mortality, Coded-Wire-Tag (CWT) Sampling and Spring and Fall Chinook CWT Composition

2004 Feather River Salmon Spawning Escapement Survey Summary

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:26:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Chinook salmon spawning escapement survey began September 2 and continued through December 17, 2004. The report includes summaries of Population Estimate, Pre-spawning Mortality, CWT Sampling, and Spring and Fall Chinook CWT Composition.

Memorandum: 2004 Deer Creek Spring-run and Fall-run Chinook Salmon Survey Results

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:25:28 -0800

Monitoring Report - On 3 August 2004, Deer Creek, Tehama County, was snorkel surveyed to count adult spring-run Chinook salmon. The survey reaches extended from Upper Deer Creek Falls downstream to Trail 2E17, a distance of 22 miles (Figure 1). A total of 804 spring-run Chinook salmon was observed (Table 1).

Chinook Salmon Monitoring in Clear, Antelope, Mill and Deer Creeks for 2006

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:25:15 -0800

Monitoring Report - Summary Monitoring of Chinook salmon escapement in the Upper Sacramento tributaries is an important part of the California Department of Fish and Game's efforts in managing Central Valley Chinook stocks. Chinook populations in Clear, Antelope, Mill and Deer Creeks, located in Shasta and Tehama Counties, have been monitored since the 1950's. Currently, these creeks are surveyed annually for spring-run and fall-run Chinook. Small numbers of late-fall Chinook may also spawn in these tributaries, but the status of these populations is unknown. Water flow and temperature are also monitored to evaluate conditions that may either enhance or adversely affect salmon survival. Precipitation in the upper Sacramento Valley in 2006 was 183% of normal. In addition, late spring rains in May and June insured that stream conditions for Chinook migration holding and spawning were optimal. Spatial separation between spring and fall runs was maintained in both Mill and Deer Creeks in 2006. This research is funded through the Federal Sport Fish Restoration Act and the CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program.

Correspondence: 2005 Mill Creek Spring Run salmon estimate

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:25:01 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spring-run salmon redd surveys to estimate the 2005 population in Mill Creek, Tehama County, were completed October 4th - 13th. An estimated 1,150 spring-run Chinook spawned in Mill Creek in 2005.

Memorandum: Updated Results of the 2004 Spawning Escapement Surveys [in the lower Yuba River]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:24:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - The following memorandum summarizes the results of the 2004 Chinook salmon spawning escapement surveys on the lower Yuba River. A couple of errors were found in the data, resulting in a change in the estimate.

Memorandum: 2004 Antelope Creek Spring-run Chinook Salmon Survey

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:24:35 -0800

Monitoring Report - On July 26, 2004 Antelope Creek, Tehama County, was snorkel-surveyed to count holding adult spring-run Chinook salmon. Three adult salmon were observed. A total of 14 miles of stream was surveyed including: the North Fork from Judd Creek confluence to the South Fork confluence, the South Fork from the South Antelope Gun Club to the North Fork confluence, and the main stem from the North and South Fork confluence to Little Grapevine Creek, (Figure 1).

Stanislaus River Fall Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:24:13 -0800

Lower Tuolumne River Fall Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey 2001

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:23:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - The San Joaquin fall-run Chinook salmon is currently a candidate species under the Federal and State Endangered Species Acts. Population levels in the Tuolumne River have declined in the latter half of the 20th century from approximately 122,000 returning adults in 1940 to an estimated 7,916 in 1998 (Heyne,1998 draft data), 7,685 in 1999 (Heyne, 2000 draft data) and 17,873 in 2000 (Vasques 2001). The decline of the species can be attributed to many factors. In general, reduction of spawning and rearing habitat and stream flow management practices, are thought to be major factors limiting overall population numbers. Numerous additional factors including but not limited to predation, streambed alteration, pump diversion, gravel mining, land use practices, and ocean angler harvest contribute to a web of complex population dynamics which effect population numbers within the habitat currently available to Tuolumne River Chinook salmon.

Butte and Big Chico Creeks Spring-run Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha Life History Investigation 1998 - 2000 [IFD 2004-2]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:23:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) monitoring and life history evaluations in Butte and Big Chico Creeks from October 1998 until September 2000. For Butte Creek during the 1998-1999 sampling year, 410,115 juvenile Chinook salmon were captured near Chico and 128,386 in the Sutter Bypass. There were 111,352 of the fish captured near Chico that were coded-wire tagged, and 421 of the tagged fish were recaptured in the Sutter Bypass traps. Additionally 60 coded-wire tagged fish were captured in the Sutter Bypass traps that were tagged and released in the upper Sacramento River by the USFWS. For Big Chico Creek during the 1998-1999 sampling season, there were 404 juvenile Chinook salmon captured near Chico.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from November 2002 through November 2003

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:21:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimate that 13 clipped and 221 unclipped Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between March 3 and August 29, 2003. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of overlaps in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, the following estimates were made: Zero were winter Chinook, approximately 100 were spring Chinook, 130 were fall Chinook, and 4 were late-fall Chinook. Thirteen clipped Chinook passing during video monitoring were apportioned 6 as spring Chinook, 3 as fall Chinook, and 4 as late-fall Chinook and were included in run estimates. Only 8 of these clipped Chinook were detected on videotape, the other 5 were calculated to have passed during periods of equipment outage or poor video quality. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder into Battle Creek was open which included almost the entire spring Chinook migration period, but did not include the entire migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. When the fish ladder into Battle Creek was closed, an unknown number of salmonids may have jumped the barrier weir. Therefore estimates of winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook may be partial counts of salmon entering the watershed above the barrier weir. An additional 57 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to March 2 by CNFH personnel during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 57 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (176 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 352 spring and fall Chinook. Overall, water temperatures in 2003 were adequate for spring Chinook to successfully produce juveniles but at a reduced number due to temperature-related spawner and egg mortality. During holding periods, all Chinook that we observed were subjected to water temperatures which could result in some mortality and reduced fertility. Some incubating Chinook eggs experienced high water temperatures in the South Fork, upper mainstem Battle Creek, and potentially in the North Fork. Spring Chinook appeared to delay spawning until temperatures were more suitable. Our temperature, redd distribution, and spawn timing data taken in combination suggest that most Chinook eggs were in good temperatures for the majority of their incubation period. We estimate that 772 clipped and 534 unclipped rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) passed above the CNFH barrier weir in 2003 for a total of 1,306 rainbow trout. Of these, 769 clipped and 416 unclipped rainbow trout were passed by the hatchery prior to March 3 during their steelhead propagation program.

Monitoring adult Chinook salmon, rainbow trout, and steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from march through November 2006.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:20:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimated that zero clipped and 221 unclipped Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between March 1 and August 1, 2006. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of the overlap in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded-wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, we estimated there were 1 winter Chinook, 154 spring Chinook, 66 fall Chinook, and zero late-fall Chinook. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder was open, which encompassed nearly the entire spring Chinook migration period but only part of the migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. Some salmonids are able to jump the weir and circumvent the fish ladder, especially at high flows. While the fish ladder was open, flows exceeded 2,000 cfs on ten days in March and April possibly allowing some Chinook and steelhead to pass upstream undetected. After the ladder was closed on August 1, flows remained low (<435 cfs MDF) through December 10 suggesting that few CNFH fall Chinook jumped the barrier weir in 2006. An additional 50 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to March 1 by CNFH during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 50 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late-fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (122 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 244 spring Chinook. We estimate that 1 clipped and 438 unclipped rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss passed above the CNFH barrier weir in 2006. Of these, 249 unclipped rainbow trout were passed by the hatchery prior to March 1 during their steelhead propagation program. Overall, water temperatures in 2006 were good for spring Chinook to successfully produce juveniles. Adult Chinook holding in Battle Creek over the summer were exposed to water temperatures categorized as good or fair. Fair water temperatures can lead to some mortality and infertility. Although some Chinook were exposed to some 'fair' water temperatures, the duration and magnitude of exposure was reduced relative to previous years and negative impacts were much less than in 2001 through 2005. Holding conditions were better in 2006 because of wet water-year conditions and the Coleman Powerhouse was not operated from December 2005 to August 2006 leaving stream flows in Battle Creek downstream of South Fork river mile 2.5. Mean daily water temperatures at redds were categorized as excellent for 99.6% of the days during egg incubation, suggesting there was little or no temperature-related egg mortality. Stream surveys corroborated other studies that suggested there is a nearly impassable natural barrier on the North Fork at rm 5.06. From 2001 through 2006, we did not observe live Chinook, carcasses, or redds above this barrier.

Adult spring Chinook salmon monitoring in Clear Creek, California,1999-2002.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:20:39 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are listed as a threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act. Restoration actions on Clear Creek targeted for the recovery of this species include dam removal, increased instream flows, and spawning gravel supplementation. To evaluate the effectiveness of these actions, we used snorkel surveys to monitor adult spring Chinook in Clear Creek from April through November, 1999-2002. The number of live Chinook observed during August surveys was used as an index of annual adult spring-run abundance. August index survey counts were 35 in 1999, 9 in 2000, 0 in 2001, and 66 in 2002. Spring-run spawning began as early as September 9 and continued into October. The size of spring-run redds ranged from 2.9 to 219 ft2 with an average of 60 ft. The size of substrate found in redds had an average geometric mean of 34 mm and an average geometric variance of 2.6. Seven coded-wire tags were recovered from hatchery origin carcasses and included winter and fall Chinook from Coleman National Fish Hatchery and fall and spring Chinook from Feather River Hatchery. In conjunction with our snorkel surveys, we conducted fish barrier studies. Results indicated that there are no total, temporary, or partial barriers to spring Chinook passage below Whiskeytown Dam, but there is a partial barrier (i.e. a barrier to some salmon at all flows) to fall Chinook at the Gorge Cascade (river mile 6.5). At the Gorge Cascade, we estimated an average passage rate of 2.0% for fall Chinook based on carcass recoveries upstream and downstream of the barrier. At the same barrier, we estimated a passage rate of $70% for spring Chinook based on snorkel counts of live fish. Snorkel surveys and barrier studies both showed that there is not a complete spatial or temporal separation between spring and fall Chinook spawning and the potential exists for hybridization of these runs. Water temperature monitoring results demonstrated that it is feasible, using managed flow releases, to provide suitable conditions between Whiskeytown Dam and the Igo gauging station for all life stages of spring Chinook. Over the four-year study period, maintaining temperatures #60/F for adult holding and juvenile rearing from June 1 through mid-September required instream flows from 68 to 90 cfs. Temperatures #56/F for egg incubation were maintained from mid-September through November 1, at flows ranging between 121 and 250 cfs.

Central Valley Steelhead and Late Fall Chinook Salmon Redd Surveys on Clear Creek, California 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:20:26 -0800

Monitoring Report - We conducted spawning surveys in 2007 on Clear Creek to track population trends of Central valley steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and late fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and to evaluate the effectiveness of restoration efforts for these species. Restoration efforts in Clear Creek have included dam removal, increased flows, stream channel restoration and spawning gravel supplementation. The surveys were used to develop redd indices and evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of redds within the creeks. Conditions during surveys were excellent with low turbidity and stream flow. The steelhead index was 165 redds. Steelhead redds were generally concentrated in areas downstream of gravel injection sites or in Renshaw Riffle in reach six. In the upper five reaches, 40 percent of redds were located in injection gravel which only comprised 15 percent of the length of these reaches. The late fall Chinook index was 25 redds. Late-fall Chinook redds were only found in reach six.

Adult spring Chinook salmon monitoring in Clear Creek, California, 2003 - 2004 [Draft]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:20:08 -0800

Monitoring Report - Spring Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha are listed as a threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act. Restoration actions on Clear Creek targeted for the recovery of this species include dam removal, increased instream flows, and spawning gravel supplementation. To evaluate the effectiveness of these actions, we used snorkel surveys to monitor adult spring Chinook in Clear Creek since 1999. This report summarizes results from 2003 and 2004. The number of live Chinook observed during August surveys was used as an index of annual adult spring-run abundance. August index survey counts were 25 in 2003 and 98 in 2004. The 2004 index was our highest on record with the second highest count being 66 in 2002. A temporary weir was installed from late August to early November 2003 and 2004, to spatially separate spring-run and fall-run Chinook. Monitoring results indicated that the weir was effective at separating the runs and preventing hybridization and redd superimposition between the runs. The minimum number of Chinook documented upstream of the weir was 30 in 2003 and 68 in 2004. The number of redds observed upstream of the weir was 53 in 2003 and 37 in 2004. Age was estimated by reading scales and the majority of spring Chinook were 3year-olds in 2003 (78%) and 2-year-olds in 2004 (70%). Spawning began as early as September 9 and continued into October. The size of spring-run redds ranged from 11 to 392 ft2 with an average of 92 ft2. The median substrate size category for redds was 2-4 inches. Two coded-wire tags were recovered, identifying the salmon as wild spring Chinook from Butte Creek. Water temperature monitoring results demonstrated that it is feasible, using managed flow releases, to provide suitable conditions between Whiskeytown Dam and the Igo gauging station for all life stages of spring Chinook. Over the two-year study period, maintaining temperatures less than or equal to 60 F for adult holding and juvenile rearing from June 1 through mid-September required instream flows from 70 to 94 cfs. Flows >150 cfs were required to consistently meet the less than or equal to 56 F spawning criteria in September.

Results of the 2007 Cottonwood Creek Video Station Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement [SRSSAP Technical Report No. 08-3]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:19:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report provides first year results of the fish counting video station operated on Cottonwood Creek on the border between Shasta and Tehama Counties in California to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon numbers. The California Department of Fish and Game in cooperation with the Western Shasta Resource Conservation District, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Cottonwood Creek Watershed Group collaborated to conduct an escapement estimate of fall-run Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in Cottonwood Creek using overhead video monitoring. A video camera suspended above Cottonwood Creek was used in conjunction with a partial weir to record the passage of upstream migrating salmonids from 17 September through 06 December 2007. An estimated 1,250 salmon entered into Cottonwood Creek in 2007 based on the video station counts. Initial counts were adjusted for missing time periods and also as a result of a QC process that checks the original counts. The number of fall-run salmon in Cottonwood Creek represented 1. 3% of the total spawner escapement to California's Central Valley in 2007. Future use of the video station would provide an annual estimate escapement of fall-run Chinook salmon in Cottonwood Creek. Use of similar stations may provide opportunities to easily monitor salmon escapement in other Central Valley streams that have no current monitoring programs due to staff or budget limitations, landowner permission, or inaccessible spawning areas.

Results of the 2006 Cow Creek Video Station Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:19:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report provides results of a new fish counting video station operated on Cow Creek in Shasta County California to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon numbers. The California Department of Fish and Game in cooperation with the Western Shasta Resource Conservation District and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service collaborated to conduct an escapement estimate of fall-run Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in Cow Creek using overhead video monitoring. A video camera suspended above Cow Creek was used in conjunction with a partial weir to record the passage of upstream migrating salmonids from early-September through mid-November. An estimated 4,130 salmon entered into Cow Creek in 2006 based on the video station counts. Initial counts were adjusted for missing time periods and also as a result of a QC process that checks the original counts. Future use of the video station would provide an annual estimate escapement of fall-run Chinook salmon in Cow Creek. Use of similar stations may provide opportunities to easily monitor salmon escapement in other Central Valley streams that have no current monitoring programs due to staff or budget limitations, landowner permission, or inaccessible spawning areas.

Results of the 2007 Cow Creek Video Station Fall-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:19:14 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report provides second year results of the fish counting video station operated on Cow Creek in Shasta County California to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon numbers. The California Department of Fish and Game in cooperation with the Western Shasta Resource Conservation District, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, and the Cottonwood Creek Watershed Group collaborated to conduct an escapement estimate of fall-run Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), in Cow Creek using overhead video monitoring. A video camera suspended above Cow Creek was used in conjunction with a partial weir to record the passage of upstream migrating salmonids from 20 September through 06 December 2007. An estimated 2,044 salmon entered into Cow Creek in 2007 based on the video station counts. Initial counts were adjusted for missing time periods and also as a result of a QC process that checks the original counts. The number of fall-run salmon in Cow Creek represented 2.2% of the total spawner escapement to California's Central Valley in 2007. Future use of the video station would provide an annual estimate escapement of fall-run Chinook salmon in Cow Creek. Use of similar stations may provide opportunities to easily monitor salmon escapement in other Central Valley streams that have no current monitoring programs due to staff or budget limitations, landowner permission, or inaccessible spawning areas.

The 2007 Mill Creek video station steelhead and spring-run Chinook salmon counts

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:14:29 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Chinook Salmon Spawner Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin 2003 [revised May 2005]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:14:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry in the Upper Sacramento River Basin. Population estimates for the Upper Sacramento River Basin (USRB) (Figure 1) are determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial and instream redd surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews, video counts and ladder counts at the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). This report does not include salmon information from Butte Creek, Feather and American River(s). An estimated 310,002 Chinook salmon (salmon) were in the Upper Sacramento River Basin upstream of Princeton Ferry in 2003. This includes an estimate of 9,485 late-fall run, 8,218 winter-run, 4,423 spring-run and 287,876 fall-run salmon (Appendix Table 1). The majority of these salmon passed above RBDD (80%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff. This report was revised in May of 2005 after a change in the fall-run angler harvest calculations. The fall run was the only affected run. The fall-run total decreased from 289,198 originally to the present 287,876. The overall USRB total decreased from an estimated 311,324 to the current 310,002.

Chinook Salmon Spawner Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin 2006

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:13:56 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (Figure 1). Annual population estimates for the Basin are determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial and in-stream redd surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews, video counts and ladder counts at hatcheries and the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). This report does not include salmon information from tributaries that enter into the Sacramento River downstream of Princeton Ferry (Butte Creek, and the Feather and American River(s)) or from Big Chico Creek near Chico. These and other waterways are detailed in reports from other projects. A summary of the entire California Central Valley salmon stocks is available annually in reports titled 'Annual Report: Chinook Salmon Spawning Stocks in California's Central Valley' An estimated 207,733 Chinook salmon (salmon) were in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (USRB) upstream of Princeton Ferry in 2006. This includes an estimate of 18,023 late-fall-run, 17,304 winter-run, 3,822 spring-run, (SRCS) and 168,584 fall-run Chinook salmon, (FRCS) (Table 1). The majority of these salmon passed above RBDD (84%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff.

Chinook Salmon Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin in 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:13:40 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (Figure 1). Annual population estimates for the Basin are determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial and instream redd surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews, video counts and ladder counts at hatcheries and the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). This report does not include salmon information from tributaries that enter into the Sacramento River downstream of Princeton Ferry (Butte Creek, and the Feather and American River(s)) or from Big Chico Creek near Chico. These and other waterways are detailed in reports from other projects. A summary of the entire California Central Valley salmon stocks is available annually in reports titled 'Annual Report: Chinook Salmon Spawning Stocks in California's Central Valley.' An estimated 311,683 Chinook salmon (salmon) were in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (USRB) upstream of Princeton Ferry in 2005. This includes an estimate of 19,777 late-fall-run, 15,839 winter-run, 3,697 spring-run, (SRCS) and 272,371 fall-run Chinook salmon, (FRCS) (Table 1). The majority of these salmon passed above RBDD (91%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff.

Lower Yuba River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September - December 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:13:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Yuba River, a tributary of the Feather River, drains a watershed of 3,468 kilometers2 (1,339 miles2), originating in the higher elevations of the west slope of the Sierra Nevada. The lower Yuba River is drained by the North, Middle, and South Yuba Rivers. The three tributaries converge near, and are impounded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' (ACOE) Englebright Dam, approximately 39 kilometers (24 river miles) east of the city of Marysville which represents the upper limits of anadromous fish migration and spawning (Drury, 2001). The lower Yuba River provides spawning habitat for adult spring-, fall-, and late fall-run Chinook salmon, as well as Central Valley steelhead trout (DFG, 1991). In addition, the river below Daguerre Point Dam supports other anadromous species including American shad and striped bass. Over the years, lower Yuba River anadromous salmonid populations have been adversely affected by water and land use practices; such as mining, dam construction, and water diversions that have impacted available spawning habitat through non-natural flow regimes, unsuitable water temperatures, and an overall loss of available spawning gravel substrates. These practices affect adult Chinook salmon populations through losses to crucial habitat during essential rearing, migration and spawning periods.

Lower Yuba River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September - December 2006

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:13:10 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Annual Report Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project 2001-02 Season. Task 1 Annual Run-size, Harvest, and Spawner Escapement Estimates for Trinity River Basin Chinook and Coho Salmon and Steelhead.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:12:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity River Project conducted tagging and recapture operations from June 2001 through March 2002 to obtain spring and fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and adult fall run steelhead (O. mykiss) run-size, angler harvest, and spawner escapement estimates in the Trinity River basin. The project was conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game with cooperation from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department. We placed weirs in the Trinity River near the towns of Junction City and Willow Creek, and trapped 3,690 Chinook salmon, 324 coho salmon, 714 fall steelhead and 76 brown trout (Salmo trutta). Based on tagged fish recovered at Trinity River Hatchery and on the return of reward tags by anglers, we estimated that 19,622 spring Chinook salmon migrated into the Trinity River basin upstream of Junction City Weir and that 1,164 (5.9%) of these were caught by anglers, leaving 18,458 fish as potential spawners. We estimated 57,109 fall Chinook salmon migrated past Willow Creek Weir and that 1,868 (3.3%) of these were caught by anglers, leaving 55,241 as potential spawners. The coho salmon run in the Trinity River basin upstream of Willow Creek Weir was estimated to be 32,141 fish. Based on angler tag returns, no coho salmon were estimated to be harvested. The sport harvest of coho salmon has been prohibited since 1994. Thus, we assume all coho were potential spawners. An estimated 12,638 adult fall run steelhead entered the Trinity River basin upstream of Willow Creek Weir. Anglers harvested 367 (2.9%) of the adult fall steelhead that migrated past Willow Creek Weir, leaving 12,271 fish as potential spawners.

Annual Report Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project 2002-03 Season. Task 1 Annual Run-size, Harvest, and Spawner Escapement Estimates for Trinity River Basin Chinook and Coho Salmon and Steelhead.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:12:22 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity River Project conducted tagging and recapture operations from June 2002 through March 2003 to obtain spring and fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and adult fall run steelhead (O. mykiss) run-size, angler harvest, and spawner escapement estimates in the Trinity River basin. The project was conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game with cooperation from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department. We placed weirs in the Trinity River near the towns of Junction City and Willow Creek, and trapped 2,377 Chinook salmon, 223 coho salmon, 1,694 fall steelhead and 95 brown trout (Salmo trutta).

Annual Report Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project 2003-04 Season.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:12:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity River Project conducted tagging and recapture operations from June 2003 through March 2004 to obtain spring and fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and adult fall run steelhead (O. mykiss) run-size, angler harvest, and spawner escapement estimates in the Trinity River basin. The project was conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game with cooperation from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department. We placed weirs in the Trinity River near the towns of Junction City and Willow Creek, and trapped 2,576 Chinook salmon, 250 coho salmon, 963 fall steelhead and 170 brown trout (Salmo trutta).

Annual Report Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project 2004-05 Season.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:11:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity River Project conducted tagging and recapture operations from July 2004 through March 2005 to obtain spring and fall run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and adult fall run steelhead (O. mykiss) run-size, angler harvest, and spawner escapement estimates in the Trinity River basin. The project was conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game with cooperation from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department. We placed weirs in the Trinity River near the towns of Junction City and Willow Creek, and trapped 3,035 Chinook salmon, 1,009 coho salmon, 2,217 fall steelhead and 256 brown trout (Salmo trutta).

Annual Report Trinity River Basin Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Project 2005-06 Season.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:11:42 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Trinity River Project (TRP) conducted tagging and recapture operations from July 2005 through March 2006 to obtain adult spring-run (spring) and fall-run (fall) Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), coho salmon (O. kisutch), and fall steelhead (O. mykiss) run-size, angler harvest, and spawner escapement estimates in the Trinity River basin. The project is conducted by the California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) with cooperation from the Hoopa Valley Tribal Fisheries Department (HVT). Two mainstem weirs were placed in the Trinity River near the towns of Junction City and Willow Creek, and trapped 2,160 Chinook salmon, 1,899 coho salmon, 2,986 fall steelhead and 351 brown trout (Salmo trutta).

Chinook Salmon Population and Physical Habitat Monitoring in Clear, Antelope, Mill and Deer Creeks for 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:09:24 -0800

Monitoring Report -

2009 Chinook escapements Clear, Mill, Deer and Paynes Creeks

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:09:08 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Lower American River Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey September 1992 - January 1993

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:08:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - An intensive spawning escapement survey was conducted on the lower American River during Fall 1992 to develop a reliable Chinook salmon spawning population estimate. Results of the 1991 lower American River Chinook redd survey showed the need for a reliable estimate to evaluate the influences of flow and temperature on temporal and longitudinal spawning distribution (Snider and McEwan 1992). Changes in spawning activity related to changes in flow and temperature need to be distinguished from changes due to population size. For example, spawning density, redd superimposition, habitat use, and other parameters can be affected by both changes in habitat conditions (flow dependent) and spawning population size. A reliable population estimate developed concurrent with redd surveys should allow this distinction. An intensive spawning escapement survey would also provide additional baseline information on spawning completeness, sex and age composition, and behavior relative to habitat conditions and population size.

Assessing Chinook Salmon Escapement in Mill Creek using Acoustic Technologies in 2006

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:08:37 -0800

Monitoring Report - Mill Creek is a tributary of the Sacramento River and supports an ESA listed spring-run Chinook salmon population with an average estimated escapement of 1,000 to 2,000 fish. Historically, adult spawner estimates have been derived using a variety of methods including redd counts, carcass surveys, snorkel surveys, and fishway counts. All these methods have inherent assumptions and logistical constraints related to the hydrologic and water quality characteristics of the system that can adversely influence the accuracy and precision of the estimates. Therefore, in a 2006 pilot study, we evaluated the efficacy of two different acoustic technologies to estimate adult Chinook salmon escapement on Mill Creek: a Biosonics split-beam system and a dual-frequency identification sonar (DIDSON) system.

Adult spring Chinook salmon monitoring in Clear Creek, California, 1999 - 2002

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:07:47 -0800

Adult spring Chinook salmon monitoring in Clear Creek, California: 2007 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:07:34 -0800

Adult spring Chinook salmon monitoring in Clear Creek, California: 2008 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:07:20 -0800

Monitoring Report - Central Valley spring Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) (SCS) are listed as a threatened species under the federal Endangered Species Act. Restoration projects implemented on Clear Creek for the recovery of SCS have included dam removal, increased instream flows, and spawning gravel supplementation. We have used snorkel surveys to monitor adult SCS populations in Clear Creek since 1999. In addition, to help reestablish the SCS population in Clear Creek, we have installed and monitored a temporary picket weir since 2003 to spatially separate SCS and fall Chinook salmon (FCS). In 2008, the SCS August population index was 200 and 86% of those were upstream of the picket weir, which was in place from August 21 through October 31. Our SCS redd count upstream of the weir was 86, with a peak count of 60 new redds during the September 23-25 survey. Forty-one percent of redds contained supplemental spawning gravel. We counted 77 carcasses upstream of the weir (42% were collected on the weir), none of which had adipose clips. Seventy-five percent of the SCS carcasses were age three (n = 46), 23% were age 2 (n = 14), and 2% (n = 1) were age 4. The average mean daily flow from June 1 to September 14 was 132 cfs (range = 87û223), which maintained temperatures =60¦F upstream of the USGS Igo gauging station for adult SCS holding. However, 69% of the August snorkel survey live adult SCS count was downstream of Igo. To meet the =56¦F spawning criteria at Igo, an average mean daily flow of 166 was required from September 15 to September 30. Although spawning criteria water temperatures were generally met upstream of Igo, 47% (40) of the SCS redd count was downstream of Igo. We suggest reevaluating the temperature target location or the temperature target to increase the proportion of SCS protected for both holding and spawning, based on the pattern of SCS holding and spawning downstream of Igo since 2003.

Steelhead and Late-fall Chinook Salmon Redd Surveys on Clear Creek, California 2008 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:07:06 -0800

Monitoring Report - We conducted spawning redd surveys on Clear Creek to track population trends of Central valley steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and late-fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and to evaluate the effectiveness of restoration efforts including dam removal, increased flows, stream channel restoration, and spawning gravel supplementation. Environmental conditions during surveys were excellent due to low turbidities and stream flows. The 2008 steelhead redd index was 148, which was 28% higher than the previous 5 year average. Steelhead redds were generally concentrated in areas downstream of gravel injection sites or in Renshaw Riffle in Reach 6. In Reach 6, 22% of the steelhead redds were observed in the Phase 3A and 3B new channels of the Restoration Project. In the upper five reaches, 30% of steelhead redds were located in injection gravel. The late-fall Chinook salmon redd index was 17, compared to a 5-year average of 22. We counted 55 late-fall Chinook salmon carcasses, compared to a 5-year average of 31. Twenty-four percent of the carcasses recovered were adipose fin clipped. We recovered coded wire tags from 16% of the carcasses recovered. All coded wire tagged carcasses were late-fall Chinook from Coleman National Fish Hatchery.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from March through November 2008

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:06:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - The purpose of our monitoring project was to provide fisheries information for the adaptive management of anadromous salmonid restoration projects in Battle Creek including the Interim Flow Project and the Battle Creek Salmon and Steelhead Restoration Project. Our adult salmonid monitoring investigations included (1) salmonid escapement estimates at the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder and (2) stream surveys documenting salmonid spawning distributions upstream of the barrier weir. Monitoring activities occurred from March through November 2008.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from March through November 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:06:38 -0800

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from March through October 2001

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:06:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimate that 5 clipped and 111 unclipped Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between 3 March and 31 August 2001. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of overlaps in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded-wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, the following estimates were made; 0 to 4 were late-fall Chinook, 0 to few were winter Chinook, approximately 100 were spring Chinook, and 9 to 14 were fall Chinook. We believe relatively few fall Chinook were able to jump over the barrier weir and avoid detection at the fish ladder monitoring station, due to low flows in 2001. Low flows probably made jumping the weir more difficult and salmonids would have likely taken the easier route through the open fish ladder. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder into Battle Creek was open which included almost the entire spring Chinook migration period, but did not include the entire migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. When the fish ladder into Battle Creek was closed, an unknown number of salmonids may have jumped the barrier weir. Therefore estimates of winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook may be partial counts of salmon entering the watershed above the barrier weir. An additional 98 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to 3 March by CNFH personnel during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 98 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late-fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (32 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 64 spring (and some fall) Chinook.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from November 2004 through November 2005

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:06:10 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimated that zero clipped and 73 unclipped Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between March 1 and August 1, 2005. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of the overlap in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded-wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, we estimated there were 0 winter Chinook, 67 spring Chinook, 6 fall Chinook, and zero late-fall Chinook. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder was open, which encompassed nearly the entire spring Chinook migration period but only part of the migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. Some salmonids are able to jump the weir and circumvent the fish ladder, especially at high flows. While the fish ladder was open, flows exceeded 2,000 cfs on three days in mid-May possibly allowing some Chinook and steelhead to pass upstream undetected. After the ladder was closed on August 1, flows remained low through November 6 suggesting that few CNFH fall Chinook jumped the barrier weir in 2005. An additional 23 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to March 1 by CNFH during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 23 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late-fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (47 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 94 spring Chinook.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from November 2003 through November 2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:05:59 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimate that 2 clipped and 90 unclipped Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between March 2 and August 1, 2004. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of the overlap in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded-wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, we estimated there were 0 winter Chinook, 70 spring Chinook, 20 fall Chinook, and 2 late-fall Chinook. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder was open, which encompassed nearly the entire spring Chinook migration period but only part of the migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. Some salmonids are able to jump the weir and circumvent the fish ladder, especially at high flows. While the fish ladder was open, flows were relatively low making it difficult to jump the weir and Chinook likely took the easier route through the fish ladder and our counting station. After the ladder was closed on August 1, flows remained low through late December suggesting that few CNFH fall Chinook jumped the barrier weir in 2004. An additional 40 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to March 2 by CNFH during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 40 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late-fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (34 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 68 spring Chinook.

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from November 2002 through November 2003

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:05:45 -0800

Monitoring Adult Chinook Salmon, Rainbow Trout, and Steelhead in Battle Creek, California, from March through November 2002

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:05:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - We estimate that zero adipose-fin clipped (clipped) and 222 unclipped Chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) passed through the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH) barrier weir fish ladder into upper Battle Creek between March 1 and August 30, 2002. It is difficult to precisely apportion these fish to individual runs of Chinook because of overlaps in migration timing between runs. However, based on a combination of information from migration timing, coded-wire tag recoveries, and genetic analyses, the following estimates were made: 33 were late-fall Chinook, 3 were winter Chinook, 144 were spring Chinook, and 42 were fall Chinook. We believe relatively few fall Chinook were able to jump over the barrier weir and avoid detection at the fish ladder monitoring station, due to low flows in 2002. Low flows probably made jumping the weir more difficult and salmonids would have likely taken the easier route through the open fish ladder. These passage estimates were made while the fish ladder into Battle Creek was open which included almost the entire spring Chinook migration period, but did not include the entire migration period for winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook. When the fish ladder into Battle Creek was closed, an unknown number of salmonids may have jumped the barrier weir. Therefore estimates of winter, fall, and late-fall Chinook may be partial counts of salmon entering the watershed above the barrier weir. An additional 216 unclipped Chinook were passed above the barrier weir prior to March 1 by CNFH personnel during their late-fall Chinook propagation program. While these 216 Chinook could have been from any of the four runs of Chinook, they were most likely late-fall Chinook. Based on stream survey redd counts (78 total redds), we estimate a spawning population of 156 spring and fall Chinook.

1991 Fall Run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River. July. (JSA 91 - 219)

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:05:02 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon returning to spawn). Spawning escapement surveys were not conducted in 1990, however, and surveys were not planned by DFG in 1991. Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA), after discovering that DFG would not be conducting Chinook salmon spawning escapement surveys in 1991, decided to conduct such surveys itself. YCWA contracted with Jones & Stokes Associates to conduct the 1991 surveys. Since 1973, DFG estimated annual Chinook salmon spawning escapement in the lower Yuba River using a modified Schaefer method (Schaefer 1951). The Schaefer method is a mark-recapture technique designed to estimate the number of fish in a population as a series of distinct units separated either spatially or temporally. DFG estimated the weekly number of salmon arriving and spawning in the Yuba River based on the number of salmon carcasses that were tagged and subsequently recovered during weekly carcass surveys. The recovery rate of tagged carcasses relative to the total number of tagged carcasses at large and the total number of carcasses examined provides the basis for estimating weekly spawning populations throughout the spawning season.

1992 Fall Run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:04:49 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon escapement (i.e., number of adult salmon returning to spawn). However, surveys were not conducted on the lower Yuba River in 1990, and DFG informed Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) that surveys were not planned for the lower Yuba River in 1991. YCWA contracted with Jones & Stokes Associates to conduct the 1991 surveys (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992). In 1992, YCWA agreed to participate with DFG in conducting 1992 spawning escapement surveys. Since 1973, DFG estimated annual Chinook salmon spawning escapement in the lower Yuba River using a modified Schaefer method (Schaefer 1951). The Schaefer method is a mark-recapture technique designed to estimate the number of fish in a population consisting of a series of spatially or temporally distinct units. DFG estimated the weekly number of salmon arriving and spawning in the Yuba River based on the number of salmon carcasses that are tagged and subsequently recovered during weekly carcass surveys. The ratio of recovered tagged carcasses to total carcasses examined provides the basis for estimating weekly spawning populations throughout the spawning season.

1993 and 1994 Fall Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapements in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:04:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, DFG conducted annual Chinook salmon carcass surveys on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (Le., the number of salmon returning to spawn each year). Because of recent budget and personnel constraints, DFG suspended Yuba River salmon carcass surveys in 1990. In response, Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes Associates to conduct the 1991 surveys. Since 1992, annual carcass surveys have been conducted jointly by DFG and Jones & Stokes Associates. This report presents the results of the 1993 and 1994 surveys. The 1991 and 1992 results, presented in two earlier reports (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992, 1994), are summarized for purposes of comparison.

1995 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:04:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon returning to spawn each year). Because of budget and personnel cuts, DFG suspended their surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes Associates, Inc., to conduct the 1991 surveys. In 1992, 1993, and 1994, annual carcass surveys were conducted jointly by DFG and Jones & Stokes Associates. Jones & Stokes Associates conducted the carcass surveys in 1995; DFG was unable to participate. This report presents the results of the 1995 surveys. The results of the 1991, 1992, 1993, and 1994 surveys were summarized in the report submitted to Yuba County Water Agency in February 1995.

1996 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:04:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that escape being caught and return to spawn each year). Because of budget and personnel cuts, DFG suspended their surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes Associates, Inc., to conduct the 1991 surveys. In 1992, 1993, and 1994, annual carcass surveys were conducted jointly by DFG and Jones & Stokes Associates. Jones & Stokes Associates conducted carcass surveys in 1995 and 1996; DFG was unable to participate. This report presents the results of the 1996 surveys. The results of the 1991, 1992, 1993, and 1994 surveys were summarized in the report submitted to YCWA in February 1995. The results of the 1995 survey were summarized in the report submitted to YCWA in July 1996.

1997 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River. June 12, 1998. (JSA 97-238)

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:03:54 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that escape being caught and return to spawn each year). Because of budget and personnel cuts, DFG suspended its surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes Associates to conduct the 1991 surveys. In 1992, 1993, and 1994, annual carcass surveys were conducted jointly by DFG and Jones & Stokes Associates. Jones & Stokes Associates conducted carcass surveys from 1995 through 1997; DFG was unable to participate during those years. This report presents the results of the 1997 surveys. The results of the 1991-1996 surveys were reported in previous documents (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997).

1998 Fall-run Chinook salmon spawning escapement in the Yuba River. March. (JSA 97-238)

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:03:42 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that escape being caught and return to spawn each year). Because of budget and personnel cuts, DFG suspended its surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes Associates to conduct the 1991 surveys. In 1992, 1993, and 1994, annual carcass surveys were conducted jointly by DFG and Jones & Stokes Associates. Jones & Stokes Associates continued to conduct carcass surveys from 1995 through 1998; DFG was unable to participate during those years. This report presents the results of the 1998 surveys. The results of the 1991-1997 surveys were reported in previous documents (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998).

1999 Fall-run Chinook salmon spawning escapement in the Yuba River. August. (J&S 97-238).

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:02:47 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that are not caught and return to spawn each year). DFG suspended its surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990 because of budget cuts. In response, the Yuba County Water Agency retained Jones & Stokes in 1991 to conduct the escapement surveys. Jones & Stokes continued these surveys through 1999. DFG participated from 1992 through 1994, but was unable to participate in subsequent years. This report presents the results of the 1999 spawning escapement surveys. The results of the 1991-1998 surveys were reported in previous documents (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999).

2000 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:02:36 -0800

Monitoring Report - From 1953 to 1989, the California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that return to spawn each year). Because of budget cuts, DFG suspended its surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, the Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes in 1991 to conduct the escapement surveys and has continued these surveys each year since. DFG assisted Jones & Stokes from 1992 through 1994, but was unable to participate in subsequent years. The objectives of these surveys are to estimate total Chinook salmon run size in the lower Yuba River (downstream of Eng1ebright Dam). Additional information obtained from the surveys includes run timing, spawning distribution, proportion of adults (age 3 and older) and grilse (age 2), and the proportion of males and females. This report presents the results of the 2000 spawning escapement surveys. The results of the 1991-1999 surveys were reported in previous documents (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992-2000).

2001 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Spawning Escapement in the Yuba River

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:02:24 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game (DFG) conducted annual surveys of Chinook salmon carcasses on the lower Yuba River from 1953 to 1989, in order to estimate fall-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning escapement (i.e., the number of salmon that return to spawn each year). Because of budget cuts, DFG suspended its surveys of Yuba River salmon carcasses in 1990. In response, the Yuba County Water Agency (YCWA) retained Jones & Stokes in 1991 to conduct the escapement surveys and has continued these surveys each year since. DFG assisted Jones & Stokes from 1992 through 1994, but was unable to participate in subsequent years. The main objective of these surveys is to estimate annual spawning escapement of fall-run Chinook salmon in the lower Yuba River (downstream of Englebright Dam). Additional information obtained from the surveys includes run timing, spawning distribution, proportion of adults (age 3 and older) and grilse (age 2), and the proportion of males and females. This report presents the results of the 2001 spawning escapement surveys. The results of the 1991-2000 surveys were reported in previous documents (Jones & Stokes Associates 1992-2001).

Sacramento River Spring-run Chinook Salmon 2002-2003 Biennial Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:02:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Sacramento River spring-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) was listed as a threatened species in February 1999 by the California Fish and Game Commission. Scientific information related to spring-run Chinook distribution, life history, and current issues has been reviewed by Moyle (2002). Conservation efforts of the spring-run Chinook stakeholders have also been reported by Bingham and Harthorn (2000). Spring-run Chinook population status and previous monitoring, restoration, and management activities have been documented by the Candidate Species Status Report (CDFG 1998), and following its listing, by annual reports to the Fish and Game Commission (Commission) (CDFG 2000, 2001, 2002). In 2002, the reporting frequency to the Commission was changed from an annual to a biennial basis. This document, therefore, describes spring-run Chinook population status, research and monitoring activities; status of restoration and management; and watershed conservancy activities in 2002 and 2003. The Department's previous status review documented the reduction in range and distribution of Central Valley spring-run Chinook from historical conditions (CDFG 1998; Figures 1 and 2). Deer, Mill, and Butte creeks are now the principal streams still supporting spawning and rearing habitat for spring-run Chinook (Moyle 2002).

Stanislaus River Salmonid Density and Distribution Survey Report (2002-2004)

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:00:45 -0800

Monitoring Report - Snorkel surveys were conducted on the lower Stanislaus River from October 2002 to October 2004 to determine the distribution, abundance, and habitat use patterns of juvenile Chinook salmon and rainbow trout. Young Chinook salmon were abundant in late winter and spring throughout most of the river from Goodwin Dam downstream to Oakdale. Their distribution shifted downstream through the spring and their numbers declined sharply from mid April to mid May coincident with the Vernalis Adaptive Management Program experimental storage releases from New Melones Reservoir. This pattern was also evident in the 2000 and 2001, which is strong support for the theory that spring flow pulses such as those provided by the VAMP experiment encouraged young salmon to leave the river and migrate to the estuary. The exodus of smolts in spring is also evident in lower river screw trap collections. Young trout were abundant from late spring through the fall throughout the river in 2003 and 2004; however, as in 2000 and 2001 their abundance progressively increased in the upstream direction through the summer. Yearling trout were concentrated in the upper portion of the river below Goodwin Dam where summer water temperatures were consistently below 16oC, whereas water temperatures in the lower reaches were 18-20oC during portions of the summer. Young salmon and young and yearling trout were found in significantly higher densities in experimental sites where gravel had been placed in the river to create riffle habitat. Small numbers of adult salmon were observed during the summer, including several in June that had recently spawned. Young Chinook were observed in low numbers over summering in the river upstream of Lovers Leap. Striped bass and American shad adults were also observed in the lower reaches during the summer, and were potential predators on young salmon and trout.

Stanislaus River Salmonid Density and Distribution Survey Report (2005-2007) DRAFT

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 12:00:34 -0800

Monitoring Report - Snorkel surveys were conducted on the lower Stanislaus River during 2005-2007 to determine the distribution, abundance, and habitat use patterns of juvenile Chinook salmon and rainbow trout. Young Chinook salmon were abundant in late winter and early summer throughout most of the river from Goodwin Dam downstream to Oakdale. Their distribution shifted downstream through the spring and their numbers declined sharply from mid April to mid June coincident with the Vernalis Adaptive Management Program experimental storage releases from New Melones Reservoir. We speculate that VAMP flows encouraged the young salmon to leave the river and migrate to the estuary. Young trout were abundant at all times of the year throughout the river with the highest concentrations in the upper portion of the river at Goodwin Dam and Two Mile Bar. Yearling trout were concentrated in the upper portion of the river below Goodwin Dam where summer water temperatures were consistently below 13oC, whereas downstream temperatures reached 14-16oC. Young salmon and young and yearling trout were found in significantly higher densities in fast sites and in experimental sites where gravel had been placed in the river to create riffle habitat. Striped bass were observed in the lower reaches during the summer, and were potential predators on young salmon and trout.

1998 Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey May - August 1998

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:58:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's (DFG) Stream Evaluation Program and the US Fish and Wildlife Service's (FWS) Northern Central Valley Fish and Wildlife Office (NCVFWSO) jointly conducted a winter-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha escapement survey in the upper Sacramento River during spring-summer 1998. Data were acquired on spawner abundance, age and sex composition of the spawner population, pre-spawning mortality, and temporal and spatial distribution of spawning activity. The survey was conducted from 5 May through 28 August 1998. It covered the uppermost 14 miles of the Sacramento River accessible to migrating salmon, from river mile 288 (RM 288) upstream to Keswick Dam (RM 302). This was the third consecutive year a winter-run escapement survey was conducted as part of a multi-year investigation to determine salmon habitat requirements in the Sacramento River system.

1999 Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey May - August 1999

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:57:57 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Stream Evaluation Program and the US Fish and Wildlife Service's Northern Central Valley Fish and Wildlife Office jointly conducted a winter-run Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), escapement survey in the upper Sacramento River during spring summer 1999 to acquire data on spawner abundance, age and sex composition of the spawner population, pre-spawning mortality, and temporal and spatial distribution of spawning activity. This was the fourth consecutive year a winter-run escapement survey was conducted as part of a multi-year investigation to determine salmon habitat requirements in the Sacramento River system. The survey was conducted from 5 May through 27 August 1999. It covered the uppermost 14 miles of the Sacramento River accessible to migrating salmon, from river mile 288 (RM 288) upstream to Keswick Dam (RM 302).

Annual Report Chinook Salmon Spawner Stocks in California's Central Valley, 2004 [IFD 2006-05]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:55:23 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report covers the 52nd annual inventory of Chinook salmon, (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), spawner populations in the Sacramento-San Joaquin River system. It is a compilation of sources estimating the late-fall-, winter-, spring-, and fall-run populations for streams which were surveyed. Estimates were based on counts of fish entering hatcheries and migrating past dams, from surveys of dead and live fish and redds in spawning areas, and from aerial counts. The estimated 2004 total escapement of Chinook salmon in the Central Valley was 420,442 fish, which was 33% lower than in 2003. The population consisted of 384,727 fall-, 13,982 -spring, 13,864 late-fall-, and 7,869 winter-run spawners. All of the late-fall-, spring-, and winter-run salmon were in the Sacramento River system. The entire Central Valley fall run consisted of 398,179 fish in the Sacramento River system and 22,263 fish in the San Joaquin River system. The fall run in the San Joaquin tributaries still only contributed a small portion (5%) to the total Central Valley escapement.

2000 Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey May - August 2000

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:54:55 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Stream Evaluation Program and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's ed Bluff Fish and Wildlife Office jointly conducted a winter-run Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha escapement survey in the upper Sacramento River during spring-summer 2000 to acquired data on abundance, age and sex, composition of the spawner population, pre-spawning mortality, and temporal and spatial distribution of spawning activity. This was the fifth consecutive year that a winter-run escapement survey was conducted as part of a multi-year investigation to determine salmon habitat requirements in the Sacramento River system. The survey was conducted from 3 May through 29 August 2000. It covered the uppermost 14 miles of the Sacramento River accessible to migrating salmon, from river mile 288 (RM 288) upstream to Keswick Dam (RM 302).

1997 Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey April - August 1997

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:54:24 -0800

Upper Sacramento River Winter Chinook Salmon Carcass Survey 2006 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:54:05 -0800

Monitoring Report - Since 1996, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the California Department of Fish and Game have cooperated on an annual survey of winter Chinook salmon returning to the upper Sacramento River. The U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's objective for participation in the survey is to collect data to evaluate the winter Chinook salmon supplementation program at the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery. Provided in this report is a summary of data from the 2006 Sacramento River winter Chinook carcass survey pertinent to evaluation of the supplementation program. Return year 2006 was the largest return of winter Chinook salmon since 1981, with an estimated 17,298 winter Chinook returning to the survey area. An estimated 2,382 of the winter Chinook were of hatchery-origin, representing approximately 14% of the total run. Return year 2006 marked the completion of brood year 2002 returns, which had the highest survival rate of any of the brood years propagated at the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery. The percentage of age two males in the 2006 return was very low relative to recent years; whereas, the percentage of age four hatchery-origin fish was much higher. Temporal and spatial distributions of natural origin and hatchery-origin fish, and gender ratios, were similar. Pre-spawning mortality was low for natural-origin fish, but higher for hatchery-origin fish.

Lower Yuba River Accord Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Annual Escapement Survey Report September 24, 2008 - December 23, 2008

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:53:00 -0800

Monitoring Report - The purpose of this annual escapement survey report is to: (1) document findings for the performance indicators in the M&E Program that are dependent on annual data collection from the escapement survey; (2) document any deviations from the escapement survey sampling protocols and procedures described in the M&E Program; (3) provide recommendations for future escapement survey field protocols and procedures; and (4) provide annual stock recruitment data.

Lower Yuba River Accord Monitoring and Evaluation Plan Annual Escapement Survey Report September 8, 2009 - January 14, 2010

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:52:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - The purpose of this annual escapement survey report is to; 1) document findings for the performance indicators in the M&E Program that are dependent on annual data collection from the escapement survey;, 2) document any deviations from the escapement survey sampling protocols and procedures described in the M&E Program;, 3) provide recommendations for future escapement survey field protocols and procedures;, and 4) provide annual stock recruitment data.

Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey April-September 2004 [SRSSAP Technical Report No. 05-1]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:52:03 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Game's Sacramento River Salmon and Steelhead Assessment Project and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Red Bluff Fish and Wildlife Office jointly conducted a winter-run Chinook salmon carcass survey on the mainstem Sacramento River in the spring and summer of 2004. The survey was conducted from 30 April through 3 September over a 27.5-mile reach. The survey area was from Keswick Dam near Redding, CA at river mile (RM)-302 downstream to the mouth of Cottonwood Creek (Shasta-Tehama Counties) at RM-273.5. This area contains the majority (100% in 2004) of traditional winter-run spawning habitat and is the uppermost migratory limit for anadromous fish in the Sacramento River.

1996 Upper Sacramento River Winter-Run Chinook Salmon Escapement Survey [Technical Report No. 97-2]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:51:07 -0800

Monitoring Report - A winter-run Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) escapement survey was conducted in the upper Sacramento River during spring-summer 1996 to acquire data on spawner abundance, age and sex composition, pre-spawning mortality and temporal and spatial distribution of spawning. The survey is part of a multi-year investigation to determine salmon habitat requirements in the Sacramento River system. A fundamental component of the investigation is the determination of basic life histories of the various races of salmon in the system as a basis for identifying salmon-habitat relationships at all life stages, including spawning. Also, inasmuch as investigations into spawner habitat relationships can be influenced by spawner abundance as well as habitat availability, it is important that data on the spawner population be developed concurrent with habitat monitoring to enable distinction of the influences of these two factors on habitat use.

INFORMATION SUMMARY TABLE ON WINTER-RUN CARCASS SURVEY DATA AND SOME RBDD (Red Bluff Diversion Dam) for 1996 to Present [2009]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:49:28 -0800

Data - Explains upper Sacramento River estimation method variation and includes many survey details.

Upper Sacramento River Winter Chinook Salmon Carcass Survey 2003 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:49:06 -0800

Monitoring Report -

Chinook Salmon Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin In 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:44:40 -0800

Chinook Salmon Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin In 2008

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 11:39:24 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report provides a summary of the 2008 USRB salmon monitoring activities conducted by staff from the California Department of Fish and Game's (CDFG), Sacramento River Salmon and Steelhead Assessment Project (SRSSAP). Funding for the SRSSAP staff in 2008 was provided by the Sport Fish Restoration Program (SFR), and by a CALFED Ecosystem Restoration Program (ERP) grant. The SFR staff included two CDFG Associate Biologists and a Fish and Wildlife Technician. The ERP grant provided funding for six Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission (PSMFC) field survey crew members. In 2008 the SRSSAP staff conducted both stand-alone surveys and cooperative surveys with the staff from several organizations: the United States Fish and Wildlife Service: Red Bluff Fish and Wildlife Office (USFWS), the Coleman National Fish Hatchery (CNFH), the Western Shasta Resource Conservation District (WSRCD) and other watershed groups. Details of other specific monitoring surveys in the USRB can be found on the websites of these groups. The data found here is a compilation of the different sources and methodologies used to produce population estimates within the USRB. Annual reports providing data on the USRB salmon populations are available going back to the early 1950's. In these early years, data is often lacking for particular streams due to lack of funding and personnel. Fish ladders, walking surveys, and hatchery counts were the primary methods of data collection until 1967.

Upper Sacramento River Winter Chinook Salmon Carcass Survey 2009 Annual Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:56:53 -0800

Monitoring Report - Since 1996, the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and the California Department of Fish and Game have cooperated on an annual survey of the principal spawning area for Sacramento River winter Chinook salmon. The U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service's objective in the survey is to collect data useful in evaluating the winter Chinook salmon supplementation program at the Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery. Provided in this report is a summary of data from the 2009 Sacramento River winter Chinook carcass survey pertinent to evaluation of the supplementation program. An estimated 4,537 winter Chinook returned in 2009 which was a significant increase over return years 2007 and 2008. An estimated 467 of the winter Chinook were of hatchery-origin, representing 10.3 percent of the total run. All hatchery-origin carcasses recovered in 2009 were age-3. The peak return of natural- and hatchery-origin fish was earlier than average but within the range previously observed. Spatial distributions of natural- and hatchery-origin winter Chinook were similar to each other but not to previous years. Turtle Bay was still a major collection area but there was also an increased carcass collection above the ACID dam for both natural- and hatchery-origin fish. The ratio of females to males was greater for hatchery-origin than natural-origin fish. The number of pre-spawn mortalities was small for both natural- and hatchery-origin females.

Chinook Salmon Populations for the Upper Sacramento River Basin In 2007

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:54:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - Population sizes were estimated for Chinook salmon passing upstream of Princeton Ferry in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (Figure 1). Annual population estimates for the Basin were determined through a number of methodologies including: carcass surveys, hatchery counts, aerial and in-stream redd surveys, snorkel counts, angler interviews, video counts, and ladder counts at hatcheries and the Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD). This report does not include salmon information from tributaries that enter into the Sacramento River downstream of the town of Princeton (Butte Creek, Feather and American River(s) and Big Chico Creek). These and other waterways are detailed in reports from other projects. A summary of the entire California Central Valley salmon stocks is available annually in reports titled 'Annual Report: Chinook Salmon Spawning Stocks in California's Central Valley'. In 2007, there were an estimated 79,126 Chinook salmon in the Upper Sacramento River Basin (USRB), upstream of Princeton Ferry. This includes an estimate of 21,701 late-fall- run, 2,541 winter-run, 2,357 spring-run, and 52,527 fall-run Chinook salmon (Table 1). The majority of these salmon migrated above RBDD (88%) to spawn in the tributaries or main-stem of the Sacramento River upstream of Red Bluff.

Chinook Salmon Carcass Mark-recapture Methods

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:53:42 -0800

Protocol -

Mainstem Klamath River Fall Chinook Spawning Survey Fiscal Year 2002 [fall 2002 surveys]

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:50:13 -0800

Monitoring Report - This report describes observations and results of the tenth annual U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service fall Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) spawning survey on the mainstem Klamath River. The survey was conducted for seven weeks from October 15 to December 6, 2002, covering 135.9 river kilometers (84.4 river miles) between Iron Gate Dam and the confluence of Indian Creek at Happy Camp. A total of 4,652 redds were observed during the 2002 survey which represents a 114% increase from the 2001 redd count of 2,172. This years survey represents the highest number of redds ever recorded since the initiation of these surveys in 1993. In 2002, spawning was observed throughout the mainstem Klamath River from Iron Gate Dam to Indian Creek with 45% (n=2113) of the redds located between Iron Gate Dam and the Shasta River. From 1993 to 1999, the tendency for Chinook to spawn within the upper 10 river km (Iron Gate Dam to Cape Horn Creek), increased from 24.2 to 60.9%, but in 2000 decreased to 37.5%. In 2001, this number decreased once more to 25.8%. In 2002, the redd frequency increased to 31. 9%. Redd density for 2002 in this upper mainstem section was 157.9 redds/rkm, compared to 59.7 redds/rkm for 2001. The lowest redd densities in 2002 were between Shinar and China Creek (13.3 redds/rkm). Water clarity between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek ranged from 1. 0 to 4.0m, and represented some of the highest visibility recorded for these surveys. During 2002, only one redd was observed on a suction dredge tailing between Iron Gate Dam and Indian Creek.

Klamath River Basin Fall Chinook Salmon Spawner Escapement, In-river Harvest and Run-size Estimates [Draft estimates for 2004]1978-2004

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 10:49:39 -0800

Data - None

Use of Dual Frequency Identification Sonar to Monitor Steelhead Escapement in the Smith River, California, 2012-2013

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:51:21 -0800

Monitoring Report - Long Range Dual Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) was used to quantify adult fish passage 24 hours per day during the winter steelhead run-time in the Smith River, Del Norte County, California. Two long range DIDSON units operated continuously at river mile 6 for 108 consecutive days from 14 Dec 2012 to 31 Mar 2013. The number of adult fish counted passing upstream was 9,562 fish and 784 adult fish were counted passing downstream. A 20 minute per hour sampling rate was applied to the entire data set and the percent error for the season was less than 2 percent. Percent error highest during March (24 percent) lowest during February (0.1 percent), indicating that results of studies with reduced sampling rates may be affected during kelt migrations. A high resolution lens fitted to the left bank DIDSON improved the image quality of fish at greater ranges and reduced positive bias in fish length measurements. Fish lengths averaged 74 cm during the study. Data were compared to weir counts at Rowdy Creek, a Smith River tributary located 2 miles downstream from the DIDSON station, and spikes of upstream fish passage at the DIDSON station coincided with peak steelhead counts at Rowdy Creek. This study provides the third consecutive year of time series DIDSON data for the Smith River during the winter steelhead run for helping to assess steelhead status and trends.

CDFW Plan for Assessment & Management Coastal Chinook Salmon

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:50:53 -0800

Guidance Document - This report describes the major CC Chinook Salmon monitoring issues, provides an overview of current monitoring, describes and reviews additional monitoring options, and presents a strategic monitoring approach and plan for near-future and longer-term implementation. The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) proposes to improve status and trend monitoring in the short-term by increasing the priority of CC Chinook Salmon monitoring and implementing elements of the California Coastal Salmonid Monitoring Plan (CMP) in watersheds that hold key CC Chinook salmon populations.

Reconnaissance of Salmonid Redd Abundance and Juvenile Salmonid Spatial Structure in the Smith River with Emphasis on Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch)

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:49:50 -0800

Monitoring Report - We investigated two essential population viability metrics of salmonids in the Smith River basin (Oregon and California), with ESA listed coho salmon as the focal species. First, we monitored adult salmonid escapement and distribution for two consecutive years (2011-2013) using live fish, carcass, and redd counts as defined in Californias Coastal Salmonid Monitoring Plan. Second, we developed a new protocol for monitoring the summer spatial structure of juvenile salmonids and adult coastal cutthroat trout during the summers of 2012 and 2013 using multiple-pass snorkel surveys in an occupancy modeling framework. To implement these studies, we developed two unbiased sample frames tailored specifically to identify stage-based coho salmon habitats. We compiled empirical species distribution data and physical stream attributes into a geographic information system model that was later verified in the field.

Operation of Dual Frequency Identification Sonar (Didson) to Monitor Adult Anadromous Fish Migrations in the Smith River, California: 2 Year Pilot Study

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:48:20 -0800

Monitoring Report - We investigated the use of Long Range Dual Frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) for enumerating adult salmon and steelhead migrating past river mile 6 in the Smith River, Del Norte County, California. Two Long Range DIDSON units operated continuously at the fixed location to record anadromous fish passage 24 hours per day from 25 Oct 2010 to 04 Apr 2011 in Year 1 and from 01 Oct 2011 to 29 Mar 2012 in Year 2. The percentage of actual sonar recording time out of the total possible recording time in Years 1 and 2 was 86% and 95%, respectively. The net totals of adult fish counted migrating upstream in Years 1 and 2, without removing steelhead trout kelts, were 31,977 fish and 32,143 fish, respectively. Peak migration times of Chinook salmon and steelhead at the Rowdy Creek Fish Hatchery weir were similar to peak upstream fish passage times at the Smith River DIDSON facility. Based on DIDSON fish counts and available fisheries data, our preliminary estimates of basin-wide escapement of Chinook salmon and steelhead to the Smith River was 22,500 Chinook salmon and 16,000 Steelhead in Year 1, and 20,000 Chinook salmon and 15,000 steelhead, in year 2. We did not consider coho salmon in our estimates due to the lack of available information and suspected low abundance. Results from our pilot study show promise for the use of fixed location DIDSON systems to aid in monitoring the status and trends of anadromous fish populations in the coastal rivers of California.

Mattole River 2002 Summer Steelhead Survey Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:41:32 -0800

Monitoring Report - The seventh annual summer steelhead survey was conducted in the mainstem Mattole River between July 29 and August 23, 2002. The purpose of the summer steelhead survey was to enumerate summer-run steelhead and half-pounders, and to identify their preferred

Summer Steelhead Survey, 2007 Season Mattole River Watershed

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:39:52 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 12th annual Summer Steelhead Dive surveys were conducted in the Mattole Watershed (Figure 1) on July 13-14, 2007. Additional Summer Steelhead snorkel surveys were conducted on July 23, July 27, and August 27-28, 2007. The purpose of the summer steelhe

Summer Steelhead Survey, 2006 Season Mattole River Watershed

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:39:38 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 11th annual Summer Steelhead Dive surveys were conducted in the Mattole Watershed (Figure 1) on July 14-15, 2006. One additional Summer Steelhead snorkel survey was conducted on July 19-20,2006. The purpose of the summer steelhead survey was to enumer

Summer Steelhead Survey, 2005 Season Mattole River Watershed

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:39:28 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 10th annual Summer Steelhead Dive surveys were conducted in the Mattole Watershed (Figure 1) on July 22 and 28-29, 2005. Additional Summer Steelhead Snorkel surveys were conducted on August 4, 2005 and September 26, 2005. The purpose of the summer ste

Summer Steelhead Survey, 2004 Season Mattole River Watershed

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:39:19 -0800

Monitoring Report - The ninth annual summer steelhead survey was conducted in the Mattole River watershed (Figure 1) between July 19th and 26th, 2004. The purpose of the summer steelhead survey was to enumerate summer-run steelhead and half-pounders, and to identify their pr

Summer Steelhead Survey, 2003 Season Mattole River Watershed

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:39:05 -0800

Monitoring Report - The eighth annual summer steelhead survey was conducted in the Mattole River watershed (Figure 1) between July 21 and 31, 2003. The purpose of the summer steelhead survey was to enumerate summer-run steelhead and halfpounders, and to identify their prefer

Mattole River 2001 Summer Steelhead Survey Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:36:25 -0800

Monitoring Report - The 2001 Mattole River Summer Steelhead Surveys took place from August 7th through August 9th, representing the sixth consecutive year of direct observation counts of summer steelhead in the Mattole watershed. The purpose of this survey was to enumerate s

Mill Creek Fisheries Monitoring Program 2009 Final Report

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:30:44 -0800

Monitoring Report - The Mill Creek Fisheries Monitoring Program (MCFMP) collected the sixteenth consecutive year of fisheries data for Mill Creek, tributary to the Smith River, Del Norte County, California. The MCFMP began in 1994 to monitor the freshwater life history stages of returning salmonids and their varying life histories within two tributaries to Mill Creek, the West Branch and the East Fork. The California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) Fisheries Restoration Grants Program has provided funding for this monitoring program since 2001. Natural runs of Chinook salmon ( Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), Southern Oregon and Northern California Coast threatened coho salmon (O. kisutch), chum salmon (O. keta), steelhead (O. mykiss irideus) and coastal cutthroat trout (O. clarki clarki) occur in Mill Creek along with other important aquatic species of fish and wildlife. This final report under Contract Number P0610530 summaries results from three components of the Mill Creek Fisheries Monitoring Program: 2008 and 2009 Adult Escapement Surveys, 2007, 2008 and 2009 Summer Population Monitoring, and 2008 and 2009 Smolt Outmigration Trapping. The modified Hankin and Reeves (1988) single stream population estimate for juvenile coho salmon using the West Branch Mill Creek in the late summer of 2007, 2008 and 2009 was 13,826 fish in 2007; 15,569 fish in 2008, an d 8,628 fish in 2009. For the East Fork Mill Creek the juvenile coho salmon estimates for 2007- 2009 were 4,491 fish in 2007, 8,605 fish in 2008, and 9,934 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile steelhead on the West Branch 2007- 2009 was 1,249 fish in 2007, 395 fish in 2008, and 622 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile steelhead on the East Fork 2007- 2009 was 1,845 fish in 2007, 400 fish in 2008, and 1,061 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile coastal cutthroat trout on the West Branch 2007-2009 were 179 fish in 2007, 39 fish in 2008, and 63 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile coastal cutthroat trout on the East Fork 2007 - 2009 were 226 fish in 2007, 151 fish in 2008, and 470 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile Chinook salmon on the West Branch 2007- 2009 were 1,298 fish in 2007, 28 fish in 2008, and 67 fish in 2009. The population estimates for late summer juvenile Chinook salmon on the East Fork 2007- 2009 were 1,116 fish in 2007, 4 fish in 2008, and 40 fish in 2009. Adult escapement survey protocols described in Flossi et al. (1998), Waldvogel (1988) and CDFG (1988) were conducted during fall and winter water years (WY) 2008 and 2009 for a portion of Rock Creek and several reaches of Mill Creek. A total of 12.0 miles and 0.5 miles of stream where surveyed on a weekly basis as weather permitted in tributaries to Mill Creek and Rock Creek, respectively. In 2008, minimum escapement for Chinook salmon was estimated to be 147, 66, and 10 for the West Branch, East Fork and Rock Cree

Spring Megatable Klamath River Basin Spring Chinook Salmon Spawner Escapement, River Harvest and Run-size Estimates.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:29:25 -0800

Data -

Fall Megatable Klamath River Basin Fall Chinook Salmon Spawner Escapement, River Harvest and Run-size Estimates.

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:28:28 -0800

Data -

Calaveras River 2009 Fall-run Chinook Salmon Escapement

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:28:09 -0800

Monitoring Report - fall-run Chinook salmon escapement survey conducted on the Calaveras River during December 2009

SONAR Estimation of California Coastal (CC) Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) Abundance in the Lower Main Stem Eel and Van Duzen Rivers, Humboldt County, California 2023 - 2024

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:27:40 -0800

Monitoring Report - The California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW) in partnership with Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission (PSMFC), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Fisheries West Coast Region, and Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E), operated an Adaptive Resolution Imaging Sonar (ARIS) 'camera' and a separate Dual-frequency Identification Sonar (DIDSON) 'camera' to enumerate adult and jack salmon escapement into the lower Main Stem Eel River above the confluence with the South Fork Eel River and in the lower Van Duzen River during the fall and winter of 2023-2024. This report provides abundance estimates for fall-run California Coastal Chinook Salmon in the Eel River Basin and passage counts of adult Northern California winter-run steelhead in the Main Stem Eel River.

Salmonid_Population_Monitoring_Data_CMPv2024

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:25:42 -0800

Data -

Salmonid Population Monitoring Data Description_CMPv2024

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:25:30 -0800

Metadata -

Salmonid_Population_Monitoring_Data_CMPv2023

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:25:13 -0800

Data -

Salmonid Population Monitoring Data Description_CMPv2023

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:24:56 -0800

Metadata -

Salmonid Population Monitoring Data Description_CMPv2022

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:24:40 -0800

Metadata -

Salmonid_Population_Monitoring_Data_CMPv2022

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:24:22 -0800

Data -

Salmonid Population Monitoring Data Description_CMPv2021

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:24:05 -0800

Metadata -

Mainstem Eel River DIDSON Monitoring Report June 2020

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:23:30 -0800

Monitoring Report - SONAR POPULATION ESTIMATION OF CALIFORNIA COASTAL CHINOOK SALMON (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and NORTHERN CALIFORNIA STEELHEAD (Oncorhynchus mykiss) ABUNDANCE IN THE LOWER MAINSTEM EEL RIVER, HUMBOLDT COUNTY, CALIFORNIA 2019-2020

California Salmonid Monitoring Program Sample Frames

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:23:00 -0800

Map - Map of the status of the Salmonid Monitoring Program sample frames in California

Salmonid_Population_Monitoring_Data_CMPv2021

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:22:28 -0800

Data -

CMP Sample Frame Status Map

Mon, 15 Dec 2025 09:16:11 -0800

Map - A map of the current status of California Monitoring Plan sample frames.

2014 Coastal Salmon and Steelhead Monitoring Program

Wed, 10 Sep 2025 10:18:01 -0700

Coastal Monitoring Program -

Protocols for Monitoring the Response of Anadromous Salmon and Steelhead to Watershed Restoration in California

Sun, 16 Apr 2023 12:20:44 -0700

Reports -

CMP Workshop Proceedings 2021

Mon, 28 Nov 2022 10:03:56 -0800

California Monitoring Plan - Proceedings for the May 2021 CMP Workshop Series

alternate authoratative guidelines and manuals for anadromous habitat restoration

Mon, 07 Oct 2019 13:01:21 -0700

anadromous habitat restoration - List of authoritative [peer and public review; responsible agency publisher] manuals and guidelines for habitat restoration for salmon and steelhead

Authorative Anadromous Restoration Guidelines

Fri, 27 Sep 2019 13:40:56 -0700

anadromous habitat restoration guidelines and manuals - CDFW authoritative manuals and guidelines on anadromous restoration that may be alternatives to the FRGP Manual

Chinook salmon monitoring in coastal streams of central California

Fri, 07 Nov 2014 09:57:43 -0800

coastal monitoring; Chinook salmon; central coast - Public informatoin flyer on CDFW effort to monitor coastal streams for entry and spawning by Chinook salmon; from Monterey to Marin counties 2014

2007 Annual Report of Winter Chinook Propagation Activities [Coleman National Fish Hatchery]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:00:06 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - To supplement natural production and reduce the risk of extinction, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) developed an artificial propagation program for winter Chinook salmon in 1989. The program was located at Coleman National Fish Hatchery (NFH), on Battle Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River. However, fish reared at Coleman NFH tended to return to Battle Creek rather than the Sacramento River as desired. To alleviate this problem, a new hatchery facility, Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery (NFH), was established in 1998 along the Sacramento River at the base of Shasta Dam. Two thousand seven marks the nineteenth year of the winter Chinook propagation program and the tenth year the program has been conducted at the Livingston Stone NFH.

2002 Annual Report of Winter Chinook Propagation Activities [Coleman National Fish Hatchery]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:00:05 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - In addition to the hatchery supplementation program, an experimental captive broodstock program was cooperatively developed in 1991 with Bodega Marine Lab (BML) and partner agencies of the winter Chinook captive brood stock technical committee. The winter Chinook captive broodstock program is sustained by rearing a small number of hatchery-origin juveniles to maturity at Livingston Stone NFH or the BML. The primary objective of the winter Chinook captive broodstock program is to determine if a captive brood program could be used to prevent extinction of the run by ensuring a source of gametes for the supplementation program in the event that run sizes continue to decline and too few fish are available for hatchery broodstock (in 1991 the winter Chinook run estimate was less than 200 individuals). The year 2002 marks the second year of juvenile releases for a study to evaluate the efficacy of fish produced from the captive-brood program to produce returning adults (USFWS 2003).

2006 Annual Report of Winter Chinook Propagation Activities [Coleman National Fish Hatchery]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:00:05 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - To supplement natural production and reduce the risk of extinction, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) developed an artificial propagation program for winter Chinook salmon in 1989. The program was located at Coleman National Fish Hatchery (NFH), on Battle Creek, a tributary of the Sacramento River. However, fish reared at Coleman NFH tended to return to Battle Creek rather than the Sacramento River as desired. To alleviate this problem, a new hatchery facility, Livingston Stone National Fish Hatchery (NFH), was established in 1998 along the Sacramento River at the base of Shasta Dam. To ensure that the hatchery program spawned only winter Chinook, the Service implemented a genetic-based screening process to identify winter Chinook salmon.

2000 Annual Report of Winter Chinook Propagation Activities [Coleman National Fish Hatchery]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:00:04 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - In 2000, broodstock for the winter Chinook propagation program were captured at both the Keswick Dam (RM 302) and Red Bluff Diversion Dam (RBDD) (RM 243) fish traps. Winter Chinook broodstock were collected between March 15 and July 5. A total of 188 Chinook salmon were captured at these sites, 180 at Keswick Dam and 8 at RBDD. Of these 188 fish, 109 were genetically determined to be winter Chinook salmon. Females comprised 54% (59 fish) and males comprised 46% (50 fish) of the total winter Chinook salmon captured.

2001 Annual Report of Winter Chinook Propagation Activities [Coleman National Fish Hatchery]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 08:00:04 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Broodstock for the winter Chinook propagation program were captured at both the Keswick Dam (RM 302) and the RBDD (RM 243) fish traps between February 28 and July 2 in 2001. A total of 251 Chinook salmon were captured at these sites, 243 at the Keswick Dam fish trap (Keswick) and 8 at RBDD. Two hundred five of the captured fish were genetically determined to be winter Chinook salmon. Females comprised 43% (88 fish) and males comprised 57% (117 fish) of the total winter Chinook salmon captured. One hundred winter Chinook salmon adults were ultimately retained for the program.

IEP Long-term Fish Monitoring Program Element Review

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:58:58 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - This report begins with a summary of basic information and descriptions of the IEP fish monitoring program elements. Next, the report presents a summary of budgetary and resource information. A majority of the report is devoted to a synthesis of information related to how the fish monitoring program elements are meeting overall IEP goals and an examination of program element strengths and weaknesses. To examine program element outputs and use, the report also summarizes information on data products and reporting and customer use. The report concludes with a summary of additional comments received from completed questionnaires.

Otoliths and Thermal Marking

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:58:57 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. -

Improvement of Spawning Stock Surveys

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:58:32 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Footnote reads: Presented at a Public Hearing on Northern Calif. Fisheries Problems conducted by Congressmen Clam Miller and George Miller at San Rafael, November 15, 1959.

Correspondence: 2007 Tributary Chinook Escapement Estimates

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:58:08 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - With Table gives DFG spring- and fall-run Chinook Escapement results for Clear, Antelope, Mill and Deer Creeks for 2007.

North of the Delta Offstream Storage Investigation Progress Report Appendix D: Fish Survey Summary.

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:57:26 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - In late 1997, the Department of Water Resources began a two-year reconnaissance level study of North of the Delta Offstream Storage authorized by Proposition 204-the Safe, Clean, Reliable Water Supply Act approved by voters in 1996. In early 1999, CALFED consolidated all storage investigations under a comprehensive program called Integrated Storage Investigations. The North of the Delta Offstream Storage Investigation was incorporated into one of seven ISI program elements. The North of the Delta Offstream Storage Investigation continues engineering, economic, and environmental impact analyses to determine the feasibility of four north of the Delta storage projects. The four potential alternatives are Sites Reservoir, Colusa Project, Thomes-Newville Project, and Red Bank Project (Figure 1). Phase I, currently underway, includes preliminary field surveys of environmental resources and extensive field surveys of cultural resources, geological, seismic and foundation studies, and an engineering feasibility evaluation. Phase II will start when CALFED's Record of Decision and Certification for the Programmatic EIR/EIS is completed and if north of Delta offstream storage is consistent with CALFED's preferred program alternative. Phase II will include completion of necessary fish and wildlife surveys, evaluations of potential mitigation sites, preparation of project-specific environmental documentation, final project feasibility reports, and the acquisition of permits necessary for implementation. Under Phase I, the Department of Fish and Game conducted studies of fish and wildlife resources in each project area. This appendix summarizes studies of fish in the tributaries that flow through each of the four proposed project areas. The information gathered will he used to describe impact on fish resources during the planning process. Fishery studies conducted for the Sacramento River will be summarized in a separate report.

California Department of Fish and Game Feather River Hatchery Historical Fish Trap Data

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:56:55 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - None available

Correspondence subject: Summer Steelhead Survey, Bluff Creek, 1986. To: District Ranger, Orleans.

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:56:22 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - In conjunction with a Chinook salmon spawning survey, conducted on November 4, 1986, an incidental count of summer steelhead was made. The snorkel survey was done from about 2 miles above Bigfoot Creek to the mouth, a distance of approximately 9 miles (see attached map). A total of 73 adult steelhead were observed. The maximum number in a single pool was 25. An estimated 65% of the summer steelhead holding habitat was surveyed. An accurate extrapolation of the population is not possible, but it would be reasonable to estimate the population as at least 100. Even though the survey was conducted in November, I am confidant that these are summer-run, not fall-run steelhead. The fish were much larger than fall-run, which average just over 3 pounds. In addition data from nearby streams indicates that the fall and winter-run steelhead do not enter the tributaries until late January or February.

Some Calculations Regarding the Natural Spawning of King Salmon in the South Fork of the Eel River Above Benbow Dam, Season of 1938-39.

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:56:06 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - One basis for calculating the seaward migration of young king salmon at Benbow Dam during the 1938-39 season (Oct. 1, 1938-Sept. 30, 1939) is the ratio of unmarked to marked fish counted in the downstream trap at that place. On April 21-22, 1939, 41,112 king salmon fish of the season marked by removal of the adipose and left ventral fins were planted in the South Fork of the Eel River at Richardson Grove and at Piercy (opposite Indian Creek). Later, 1,015 of these were counted through the Benbow Dam fishways (see Table 1). The total migration of unmarked king salmon (including fish lost in the counting process) consisted of 63,021 fish. On the basis of the ratio 1,015:41,112::63,021:x, we secure the figure of 2,552,630 as the number of downstream migrant naturally-propagated king salmon passing Benbow Dam during the spring and summer of 1939. However, there are some fairly obvious corrections to be made in this figure. For me thing, the 63,021 unmarked fish were counted through over a longer period than the 1,015 fish. Before the first marked fish was counted through the dam, 310 unmarked King Salmon had been counted through (April l-23). At this time a number of migrants were passing over the dam itself, so that the 810 fish counted represent an unknown proportion of the total number of fish that migrated past Benbow Dam up to and including April 23. There is no method of calculating this total number, but in any case the 810 fish that were counted should be subtracted from the total of 63,021 counted fish for the purpose of our present calculations.

A Preliminary Analysis of Northern California Salmon and Steelhead Runs.

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:56:04 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Considerable effort is spent each year in finding out how many salmon and steelhead are in various populations along the Pacific Coast. These data are generally derived from two sources: counts over fish ways and measurements of the catch. Both furnish measures of the abundance of these valuable sport and commercial fishes. Counts over fish ways are exact measures of abundance. The commercial catch generally also affords a reasonably good measure of abundance. The commercial catch generally also affords a reasonably good measure of abundance, as the demand for salmon is usually heavy, inducing fishermen to take all they can. This report has two purposes. The first is to present the data gathered at four counting stations: Benbow Dam on the South Forth of the Eel River; Sweasey Dam on the Mad River; Klammathon Racks on the Klamath River; Shasta Racks on the Shasta River. These stations are shown in Figure 182. The second is to relate these counts to catch statistics from the commercial fishery on the Pacific Coast, particularly that of California. A discussion of certain phases of the biology of the salmons and steelhead is included.

Five Year Management Plan for Salmon Stock Rescue Operations, 2000-2001 Through 2004-2005 Seasons.

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:55:55 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Mission Statement: The overall mission of the program is to protect, enhance and restore wild, indigenous salmonid populations and the ecosystems which sustain them in the Mattole River watershed, and to foster an awareness among residents throughout the basin that would make it likely that Mattole salmonid runs, once regained, would be protected by watershed residents themselves. Program Goals, Objectives, and Policies: The following goals, objectives and policy guidelines are to provide long-range program direction for MSG in accomplishing its stated mission, and are to serve as broad directives for the planning and implementation of enhancement and restoration work It is essential that all program elements be subject to modification as new knowledge and information emerges, thereby ensuring strategic and operational flexibility according to the principles of adaptive management. 1. Stock Recovery 2. Project Prioritization 3. Fluvial Restoration 4. Habitat Protection 5. Land Use 6. Revegetation 7. Public Outreach 8. Monitoring and Evaluation 9. Future Funding

Summer steelhead (Salmo Gairdneri) in the Middle Fork Eel River and their relationship to environmental changes, 1966 -1978. (AFB 80-2)

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:55:15 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - Annual surveys were conducted from 1966 through 1978 in the Middle Fork Eel River to assess changes in habitat and adult summer steelhead numbers following the devastating December 1964 flood. Steelhead counts increased from 198 in 1966 to 1,522 in 1974 then declined steadily to 377 in 1978. The summer holdover area, in the upper reaches of the Middle Fork between Bar and Uhl Creeks, is 42 km (26 miles) in length. Fish depended on deep pools f o r summer survival. Stream flows and s u r f a c e water temperatures ranged from 0-0.55 m3/s (0-20 cfs) and 17.2o-23.7oC (63o-75oF), respectively, during the surveys. Recommendations for managing and protecting this unique steelhead strain are included.

Mokelumne River Fish Installation Annual Report For 1967-68 Season [AFB 70-18]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:54:34 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - This is the fourth annual report of the Mokelumne River Fish Installation. It covers the period of operations from July 16,1967 to June 30,1968. Construction of this Installation was completed in 1964. The purpose of the project was to compensate for loss of spawning area of fall-run king (Chinook) salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) and steelhead trout (Salmo gairdneri) blocked by Camanche Dam. The Installation is made up primarily of two parts: a spawning channel for natural spawning of salmon and a hatchery for artificial spawning and rearing of steelhead trout. From October 18 to December 21, 1967, 250 adult salmon entered; the facilities. Of this number, 200 were placed in the spawning channel; 93 were females. From these, an estimated 487,220 eggs were deposited in the gravel, and 177,542 ,young salmon were counted out' of the channel. This is an egg-to-outmigrant survival of 36.4 percent. Four female salmon were artificially spawned and their eggs reared at the hatchery to determine egg survival at the high temperatures which occurred at the Installation early in the spawning season. A total of 103 adult steelhead were received from October 31, 1967, to March 9, 1968. Thirteen females were spawned, which resulted in 34,869 eggs collected. An additional 331,200 steelhead eggs were received from Nimbus Hatchery, for a total of 366,069 eggs from the 1968 brood year. All of the young steelhead from the 1967 brood year were planted in the Mokelumne River as yearlings. From November 24, 1967, to April 11, 1968, 82,203 yearlings were planted.

Annual Report Trinity River Salmon and Steelhead Hatchery 1985-1986 [IFD 87-13]

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:52:34 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. -

The spawning efficiency of king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in Fall Creek, Siskiyou County. 1954-55 investigations

Fri, 24 Jun 2011 07:51:17 -0700

CalFish collection. Contact cshannon@dfg.ca.gov for assistance. - The purpose of this study has been to estimate the spawning efficiencies of various numbers of adult king salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) which have been permitted to enter and spawn in Fall Creek. For five consecutive seasons limited numbers of adult king salmon were admitted into the creek. A portion of the resultant offspring were counted near the mouth of the stream and an estimate made of the total hatch for each season 1950 through 1954, the following numbers of pairs of adult fish were allowed to enter Fall Creek: 750, 500, 300, 300, and 150, respectively.